1,721,035 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Model-based Analysis of ChIP-Seq (MACS)
No full textWe present Model-based Analysis of ChIP-Seq data, MACS, which analyzes data generated by short read sequencers such as Solexa's Genome Analyzer. MACS empirically models the shift size of ChIP-Seq tags, and uses it to improve the spatial resolution of predicted binding sites. MACS also uses a dynamic Poisson distribution to effectively capture local biases in the genome, allowing for more robust predictions. MACS compares favorably to existing ChIP-Seq peak-finding algorithms, and is freely available.National Institutes of Health (U.S) ( grant HG004069 )National Institutes of Health (U.S) (grant HG004270)National Institutes of Health (U.S) (grant DK07496
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Short-term genome evolution of Listeria monocytogenes in a non-controlled environment
Get PDFBackground: While increasing data on bacterial evolution in controlled environments are available, our understanding of
bacterial genome evolution in natural environments is limited. We thus performed full genome analyses on four Listeria
monocytogenes, including human and food isolates from both a 1988 case of sporadic listeriosis and a 2000 listeriosis outbreak,
which had been linked to contaminated food from a single processing facility. All four isolates had been shown to have identical
subtypes, suggesting that a specific L. monocytogenes strain persisted in this processing plant over at least 12 years. While a
genome sequence for the 1988 food isolate has been reported, we sequenced the genomes of the 1988 human isolate as well
as a human and a food isolate from the 2000 outbreak to allow for comparative genome analyses.
Results: The two L. monocytogenes isolates from 1988 and the two isolates from 2000 had highly similar genome backbone
sequences with very few single nucleotide (nt) polymorphisms (1 – 8 SNPs/isolate; confirmed by re-sequencing). While no
genome rearrangements were identified in the backbone genome of the four isolates, a 42 kb prophage inserted in the
chromosomal comK gene showed evidence for major genome rearrangements. The human-food isolate pair from each 1988 and
2000 had identical prophage sequence; however, there were significant differences in the prophage sequences between the 1988
and 2000 isolates. Diversification of this prophage appears to have been caused by multiple homologous recombination events
or possibly prophage replacement. In addition, only the 2000 human isolate contained a plasmid, suggesting plasmid loss or
acquisition events. Surprisingly, besides the polymorphisms found in the comK prophage, a single SNP in the tRNA Thr-4
prophage represents the only SNP that differentiates the 1988 isolates from the 2000 isolates.
Conclusion: Our data support the hypothesis that the 2000 human listeriosis outbreak was caused by a L. monocytogenes strain
that persisted in a food processing facility over 12 years and show that genome sequencing is a valuable and feasible tool for
retrospective epidemiological analyses. Short-term evolution of L. monocytogenes in non-controlled environments appears to
involve limited diversification beyond plasmid gain or loss and prophage diversification, highlighting the importance of phages in
bacterial evolution
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