1,721,061 research outputs found
Identification of BRCA1 gene mutation variants in clinical samples without labeling step – comparison of functionality and sensitivity of SPR and SERS sensors
No full textSERS (surface-enhanced Raman scattering) and SPR (surface plasmon resonance) sensors for the identification of six the most popular in Poland variants of BRCA1 gene mutation without labelling have been constructed and tested with clinical samples. Both sensors were based on the selective hybridization of target DNA with the capture DNA immobilized on plasmonic substrates. Moreover, in both sensors the same thiolated capture DNA was used. The mutation identification process using SPR detector relied on the shape of the SPR sensorgrams, whereas for the SERS sensors, the intensity of the Raman band at about 715-735 cm-1 (this band is due to the superimposition of mainly the band due to the v(C-S) vibration of the alkanethiol chain in the trans conformation and the band due to the breathing vibration of adenine) was used as an analytical signal. The demonstrated biosensors are characterized by the low detection limit at the level of pg·uL–1, wide analytical range and high selectivity. It was found that for different DNA sequences, a SPR or SERS sensor achieves greater detection sensitivity, which means that the selection of the optimal sensor type depends on the sequence of the target DNA.</p
New insight into teratogenic effects of (S)-thalidomide in zebrafish embryos growing inside the chorion and subjected to electric pulses
No full textStudies of (S)-thalidomide were conducted on zebrafish embryos subjected to electroporation processes using a square wave pulse generator. The results showed that the electroporation increases the absorption of (S)-thalidomide through the chorion into the growing embryos, which was confirmed by increased thalidomide levels in the embryo bodies at different hours post-treatments using differential pulse voltammetry and controlled-growth mercury drop electrode techniques. (S)-thalidomide administered by electroporation produced structural body deformations in zebrafish embryos as showed by scanning electron microscopy studies. Detailed transmission electron microscopy analysis evidenced multiple deposits of the outer layer and translucencies in the chorion structure, which was also pronounced on the mitochondrial membranes. The results confirmed the spontaneous conversion of the (S)-thalidomide enantiomer to the (R)-enantiomer in embryos exposed to the (S)-thalidomide only and subjected to electroporation pulses. The electroporation was found as a promising method to increase the uptake of (S)-thalidomide in the developmental studies on early zebrafish embryos growing in the chorion.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
IMMANUEL KANT’S MORAL PEDAGOGY AS A MANIFESTATION OF EDUCATION TO RESPONSIBILITY
No full textThe author discusses I. Kant’s pedagogical views and beliefs related to moral education. In particular, the author attempts to prove the thesis that, for Kant, all education and proper upbringing was ultimately linked with moral education and that moral education, in turn, was just education to responsibility. After a presentation of the main assumptions of Immanuel Kant’s ethics, the author proceeds to discuss the status of pedagogy within its framework as a science that aims at educating people and forms attitudes that were understood to involve meeting of one’s obligations expressed in the formula of the categorical imperative, and precisely based on making one sensitive to the influence of a priori moral principles and on practicing skills of making everyday use of them in different life situations. The author characterizes notions that are related in Kant’s philosophy to the problems of prospective and positive moral responsibility, and discusses how this philosophy responds to the problem of feasibility and ways of developing a responsible attitude in man. Further on, the author discusses in detail Kant’s pedagogy, i.e. attempts to discover the connective concepts necessary to understand how Kant perceived the educational reality within the context of responsibility, attempts to answer what its goal and essence are and what measures are to be taken to successfully achieve the goal. The considerations on the notion of responsibility and pedagogy in Kant’s thought are summarized in a brief presentation of its essential significance for the pedagogy of morality
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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