1,720,958 research outputs found
RANCANGBANGUN DAN PENGUJIAN TUNGKU BERBAHAN BAKAR GAS UNTUK INDUSTRI TAHU TRADISIONAL BERBASIS PRODUKSI BERSIH (Design, Construction and Test of Gas Stove for Traditional Tofu Industry Based on Cleaner Production)
Get PDFA model of gas stove for traditional tofu industry was designed and tested. one of the focuses of cleaner production is energy efficiency, so the stove was designed to have good thermal efficiency and low energy consumption. The stove was constructed with two kettles where the first kettle was used to cook soybean porridge from 5-8 kg soybean and the other to warm water. The test consist of water boiling test and soybean cooking test. Water Boiling Test (WBT) was used to assessed stove performance by boiling the water. It takes 29,0 minutes to boil 20 lites of water in cold start condition and 18,7 minutes in hot start condition, moreover average specific fuel consumption is 0,041 kg/liter in cold start condition and 0,030 kg/liter in hot start condition. Gas consumption in cold start is 0,028 kg/min and in hot start is 0,032 kg/min, and the average thermal efficiency are 34,80% in cold start condition and 38,63% in hot start condition. Statistical test with 95% level of confidence, indicated a significant difference in the boiling time between cold start and hot start. The test showed that to cook soybean porridge from 5 kg/batch in cold start condition consumed 1,78 kg of fuel in 60 minutes.
Keywords: Design construction, tofu stove, cleaner production, Water Boiling Test, thermal efficiency
ABSTRAK
Telah dilakukan rancangbangun dan pengujian tungku berbahan bakar gas untuk industri tahu tradisional. Berdasarkan salah satu fokus penerapan produksi bersih yaitu efisiensi energi, maka tungku dirancang sedemikian rupa agar memiliki efisiensi termal dan konsumsi energi yang baik. Tungku yang dikonstruksi memiliki dua buah ketel, ketel pemasakan bubur kedelai dari 5-8 kg bahan baku kedelai dan ketel untuk menghangatkan air. Pengujian tungku terdiri dari pengujian untuk pemasakan air dan pengujian untuk pemasakan bubur tahu. Pengujian untuk pemasakan air menggunakan metoda Water Boiling Test (WBT). Dari pengujian ini dapat diketahui waktu untuk mendidihkan 20 liter adalah 29,0 menit dan 18,7 menit, berturut-turut untuk kondisi cold start dan hot start; konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik rata-rata sebesar 0,041 kg/liter untuk kondisi cold start dan 0,030 kg/liter pada kondisi hot start. Konsumsi gas pada kondisi cold dan hot start masing-masing sebesar 0,028 kg/menit dan 0,032 kg/menit, serta efisiensi termal rata-rata sebesar 34,80% pada kondisi cold start dan 38,63% pada kondisi hot start. Berdasarkan uji statistik dengan derajat kepercayaan 95%, menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan waktu didih pada kondisi cold start dengan hot start. Hasil pengujian untuk pemasakan bubur tahu (kondisi cold start) dengan bahan baku 5 kg kedelai/batch, pemasakan selesai dalam waktu 60 menit dengan konsumsi bahan bakar 1,78 kg.
Kata kunci: Rancang bangun, tungku tahu, produksi bersih, Water Boiling Test, efisiensi terma
PENGARUH JUMLAH SALURAN MASUK UDARA TERHADAP DISTRIBUSI KECEPATAN UDARA PENGERING PADA ALAT PENGERING TIPE SWIRLING FLUIDIZED BED
Get PDFNumerical and experimental studies have been carried out on the effect of inlet air number to the air velocity distribution in the drying chamber of the Swirling Fluidized Bed Dryer (SFBD). The main components of SFBD are a drying chamber, plenum chamber, center body, distributor, inlet air, heater, and blower. Numerical analysis was performed using the finite volume method on a three-dimensional model using computational fluid dynamic (CFD) software. An experimental study was carried out by measuring the air velocity at eight measurement points in the drying chamber. The results showed that using two inlet air produced a more uniform distribution of air velocity compared to one inlet air
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Design, Fabrication and Thermal Evaluation of Lemang (Rice Bamboo) Cooking Device Integrated with Continuous Rotating System
Get PDFLemang is one of the typical Malay food made from white glutinous rice and is cooked inside a bamboo stalk cavity using a direct open fire method. An existing cooking technique is still using manual methods especially for turning the bamboo so it becomes harmful for hand. This research aims to design, fabricate and evaluate a lemang rice cooking device integrated with a continuous rotating system. The methods used in this study were: 1) functional analysis of the design, 2) structural analysis of the design using computer-aided design (CAD), 3) manufacturing a prototype, 4) testing and evaluating the cooking device. Performance evaluation was conducted for observing heat distribution in bamboo and specific energy consumption during the cooking process. The results show that the power requirement of the rotating system was 0.5 hp and the rotation speed of lemang bamboo was 15 rpm. The overall dimension of the device is 2140 × 920 × 980 mm with a cooking capacity of 36 lemang per batch. The heating performance was analyzed using ANOVA. The result reveals that there was no significant temperature difference between all positions of the bamboo surface during the cooking process (fairly uniform) as the impact of using a continuous rotating system. Furthermore, the specific energy consumption was 145.72 MJ/kg dry glutinous rice and cooking time was 2 hours. By using this cooking device, operators do not necessarily use their hand to turn bamboo while the cooking process occurred so the process will run safely
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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