1,720,954 research outputs found
Using Cooperative Script to Improve the Eight Graders’ Vocabulary Mastery
No full textABSTRACT Nartiningrum, Novrika. 2013. Using Cooperative Script to Improve the Eight Graders’ Vocabulary Mastery. Sarjana’s Thesis, English Language Teaching, Faculty of Letters, State University of Malang. Advisor: Siti Muniroh, S.Pd., M.A. Key Words: Cooperative Script, students’ vocabulary mastery, recount texts. Vocabulary is not taught as a particular subject in Indonesia. Vocabulary is taught by integrating vocabulary to reading, speaking, writing and listening. Based on the interview with the English teacher and one of the students of 8B class, the students of 8B class had problem in reading due to the students’ lack of vocabulary. In the preliminary study, there was no student who could pass the minimum passing standard score of 75. The research was designed to improve the students’ vocabulary mastery by implementing Cooperative Script Technique. After reading the 6 steps of Original Cooperative Script and reading some previous research proving that Cooperative Script is an effective teaching technique in teaching reading, the researcher decided to implement Cooperative Script in order to improve the students’ vocabulary mastery. This research was a Classroom Action Research, which consisted of one cycle. This cycle consisted of four steps. Those steps were planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The subjects of this study were 39 students of class 8B at SMP N 8 Malang, in the 2nd semester of academic year of 2012/2013. The instruments used to collect the data were field notes, students’ questionnaire, interview guide, vocabulary tests and video. The data were analyzed qualitatively and reported descriptively. The criterion of success was 80% of the students passed the minimum passing standard score of 75. The researcher determined 75 as the minimum passing standard score since the minimum passing standard score used in the school was 75. From the researcher’s discussion with the English teacher, the researcher determined that the cycle would end when at least 80% of the students passed the minimum passing standard score of 75. In the end of cycle I, 97% of the students could pass the minimum passing standard score of 75. In conclusion, the use of Cooperative Script helped more than 80% of the students to achieve the minimum passing standard score of 75. Thus, the criterion of success was achieved. The result of the students’ vocabulary test in post-test showed that they were able to understand the meaning of the verbs used in past tense and the meaning of nouns and adjectives used in recount texts. The results of this study showed that Cooperative Script Technique can be used to improve the students’ vocabulary mastery by implementing 6 steps as follows: (1) The teacher asks the students to work in pairs. (2) The teacher distributes recount texts and asks the students to look for the unfamiliar nouns, adjectives and the verbs from the recount text given. (3) The teacher decides who become the first speaker and the first listener from every pair. (4) The speaker read the unfamiliar nouns, adjectives and the verbs from the recount text given while the listener listens and gives the meaning to the nouns, adjectives and the verbs. The teacher allows the students to discuss the meaning of the unfamiliar words. (5) Exchange roles, the speaker becomes the listener and vice versa. (6) The teacher and the students discussed the meanings of the unfamiliar nouns, adjectives and the verbs based on the context of the recount text. Other than the 6 main steps, the researcher also asked the students to do some additional activities; read the text loudly, discussing the content of the text, and doing the students’ worksheet. Based on the result of this research, it is suggested that English teachers use Cooperative Script as alternative teaching technique in order to improve the students’ vocabulary mastery.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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