1,542 research outputs found
The effects of the absence of a common normative framework within an international organization on the norm diffusion to a third country: the impact of the European Union on the police reform in Bo...
No full textEvropska unija (EU) je Bosni in Hercegovini (BiH) obljubila podpis stabilizacijsko-pridružitvenega sporazuma pod pogojem, da BiH prestrukturira svoj razdrobljen policijski sistem po treh načelih EU, ki predvidevajo centralizirano in enotno policijo. Ker pa policije v različnih državah članicah EU niso vedno centralizirane, so lokalni akterji izkoristili argument neenotnih standardov pri upravičevanju odpora do predvidene reforme. V magistrskem delu raziskujem razsežnosti učinkov, ki jih ima odsotnost skupnega normativnega okvira na prizadevanja mednarodne organizacije po prenosu norm v tretje države. Raziskava temelji na preseku teoretskih sklopov reforme varnostnega sektorja¬ ter prenosa normskozi to prizmo analiziram pristop EU k reformi varnostnega sektorja ter študijo primera reforme policije v BiH, z modelom zunanjih spodbud pa učinke neenotnih standardov v državah članicah EU na to reformo. Foucaultovski pristop k fenomenu prenosa norm omogoča, da proces pogojevanja razumemo kot dinamično in kompleksno razmerje moči med EU in lokalnimi akterji. Ugotavljam, da lahko odpor lokalnih akterjev do prenosa norm resno ošibi moč EU, kadar ta ne temelji na močnih normativnih temeljih. V primeru reforme policije v BiH je visoki predstavnik za BiH, avtor treh načel EU, zanemaril, da EU pri svojem zunanjem delovanju nastopa kot normativna moč. Ob odsotnosti normativnega okvirja, torej odsotnosti enotnih standardov na področju policije, pa je bila moč EU ohromljena, posledica tega pa je bila neuspešna reforma policije v BiH.The reform of a fragmented police system according to three European Union (EU) principles, which foresee a centralized and unified police force, was set as a condition by the EU to sign the Stabilization and Association Agreement with Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). However, as the police in the different EU Member States are not always centralized, local actors have used the argument of divergent standards to justify their resistance to the envisaged reform. This Master’s thesis effects of the absence of a common normative framework within an international organization on the norm diffusion to a third country. The research is based on the convergence of theories dealing with security sector reform and norm transfer. Through such a lens, I analyse the EU approach to security sector reform and contextualise it via the study of police reform in BiH. The Foucault’s approach to norm transfer understands the process of conditionality as a dynamic and complex power relation between the EU and local actors. Findings show that genuine resistance from local actors can seriously undermine the EU\u27s normative power when the latter is not based on strong normative foundations. In the case of police reform in BiH, the author of the three EU principles – the High Representative for BiH – neglected the EU’s role of normative power in its external action. The absence of a normative framework, in this case, the absence of harmonized standards regarding policing undermined the power of the EU and resulted in the failure of police reform in BiH
Balancing of a two wheeled robot with PID controller
No full textDiplomsko delo predstavlja zasnovo ter izdelavo samostojno uravnoteževanega robota. To je robot, ki se s krmilnim algoritmom uravnotežuje na dveh kolesih in za to uporablja dva aktuatorja, inercialno merilno enoto, kodirnike ter mikrokrmilnik. Predstavljeno je teoretično ozadje, ki temelji na modelu invertiranega nihala kot osnovi za izpeljavo gibalne enačbe robota. Opisane so teoretične osnove izbranih komponent ter proporcionalno-integrirno-diferencirni (PID) algoritem, uporabljen za uravnoteževanje robota. Ta pridobiva povratne informacije o hitrosti robota z rotacijskih kodirnikov ter informacije o naklonu z inercialne merilne enote. Navor za uravnoteževanje je zagotovljen s pomočjo dveh aktuatorjev preko pulzno-širinsko moduliranega (PWM) signala iz krmilnega algoritma. Izdelana je bila konstrukcija robota, programska koda za branje podatkov s posameznih komponent ter krmilni algoritem PID. Uravnoteževanje je bilo testirano pri vožnji naravnost ter glede na vnos motnje v obliki spremembe naklona. Testi so pri optimalni izbiri PID koeficientov pokazali uspešno uravnoteževanje robota pri vožnji ter pri dodajanju motnje v sistem.This thesis presents the design and construction of a self-balancing robot. A self-balancing robot is a robot, which actively balances itself on two wheels using a control algorithm and with the use of two actuators, an inertial measurement unit, encoders, and a microcontroller. The thesis discusses the theoretical model of inverted pendulum as a basis for deriving the equations of motion of the robot. The thesis also discusses the theoretical basics of the chosen components and the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control algorithm used for the balancing of the robot. The algorithm is recieving feedback data of the robots speed from rotary encoders and feedback of the robots angular position from inertial measurement unit. The torque needed for correcting the error is applied by two actuators and uses a pulse-width modulated (PWM) signal calculated by the control algorithm. The communication with peripheral components and the control algorithm were realised using an Arduino microcontroller. The dependency of the different PID coefficients on the balancing was tested when driving in a straight line as well as when adding a disturbance in the form of driving terrain angle change. The tests with the optimal PID coefficients confirmed that the robot is successfully balancing in both tests
Development of HTML game eith mobile controler
No full textV diplomskem delu obravnavamo izdelavo računalniške igre s pomočjo spletnih tehnologij HTML5, CSS3 in Javascript. Spoznamo, kaj so omenjene tehnologije in kako jih lahko uporabimo za izdelavo iger, ki tečejo v spletnih brskalnikih. Prav tako spoznamo spletne tehnologije Node.js, Socket.io in Express Framework, s katerimi postavimo ogrodje aplikacije, na kateri se igra odvija na način strežnik/odjemalec. S pridobljenim znanjem izdelamo igro, ki deluje v spletnih brskalnikih, medtem ko jo uporabnik kontrolira z uporabo mobilne naprave. Za kontroliranje igre uporabljamo senzorje premikanja na mobilnih napravah. Podatke asinhrono pošiljamo na strežnik, kjer jih pretvorimo v ukaze, ki se izvršijo v sami igri. Za igro izdelamo preprost fizični model in detekcijo trkov. Podamo tudi morebitne izboljšave in možnosti uporabe igre.In the thesis we discuss building of computer game with help of web technologies HTML5, CSS3, Javascript. We learn, what are these technologies and how we can use them to make computer games, which run in web browsers. We also learn about Node.js, Socket.io and Express Framework, which we use to build our application framework that runs with server/client protocol. With this knowledge we develop web browser game. Game can be controlled through mobile device. Controls are built using device motion sensors. We\u27re sending controls data asynchronous to the server where we transform them to the command in the game. We develop a basic physics model and collision detection. At the end we discuss possible improvements and different options for game use
A system for automated evaluation of time estimates for implementation of functionalities in the process of offer preparation
No full textV magistrski nalogi predstavljamo spletno aplikacijo, ki s pomočjo metod strojnega učenja napoveduje predvidene časovne okvirje posameznih funkcionalnosti pri pripravi ponudb za stranke podjetja. Aplikacija rešuje problem z regresijo in za napovedovanje uporablja tri različne algoritme, in sicer linearno regresijo, k-najbližjih sosedov in metodo podpornih vektorjev. Algoritmi modele naučijo na osnovi že dokončanih časovnih okvirjev. Ob vsakem novem podatku, ki ustreza pogojem, da ga uvrstimo v učno množico, se modeli na novo naučijo. Algoritme smo med seboj primerjali s tremi merami uspešnosti. To so koren srednje kvadratne napake, srednja absolutna napaka in korelacijski koeficient. Raziskovali smo hipotezo, da lahko s strojnim učenjem napovemo podobne ocene, kot jih je podal človek. Izmed izbranih algoritmov je najbolj natančne rezultate podala metoda podpornih vektorjev. S primerjavo mer uspešnosti in odstopanj med napovedmi modelov algoritmov in človeka smo prišli do zaključka, da lahko našo hipotezo potrdimo. Rezultati so pokazali, da so modeli algoritmov podali dovolj natančne ocene, saj napake pri napovedi ne bi imele neposrednega vpliva na izvedbo projekta.In the master\u27s thesis we present an online application that, with the help of methods of machine learning, predicts the anticipated time estimates of individual functionalities in offer preparations for the clients of the company. The application solves the regression problem and uses three different algorithms for predicting: linear regression, k-nearest neighbours, and support vector machine. Algorithms teach models on the basis of already completed time estimates. Each new data, which meets the conditions for classifying it into a learning set, the models re-learn. The algorithms were compared with three performance metrics. These are a root mean square error, a mean absolute error and a correlation coefficient. We have explored the hypothesis that with machine learning, we can predict similar estimates as man has done. Among the selected algorithms, the most accurate results were given by the support vector machine. By comparing the merit of success and deviations between forecasts of algorithms and man, we have come to the conclusion that our hypothesis can be confirmed. The results showed that the models of algorithms gave sufficiently precise estimates, as the errors in the forecast would have no direct impact on the implementation of the project
Logistical process of discharging septic tanks on the example of the Varinger company
No full textV diplomskem delu z naslovom Logistični proces praznjenja greznic, na primeru podjetja Varinger d.o.o., sem predstavil delovanje podjetja Varinger d.o.o. Primarni namen mojega diplomskega dela je ukvarjanje s problemom, ki se pojavlja pri odmaševanju odtokov in kanalizacij. Osredotočil sem se predvsem na logistične težave, ki podjetju povzročajo veliko težav, v prvi meri, zaradi logističnih težav, letno nastaja velik strošek.
V prvem delu naloge sem teoretično opisal delovanje podjetja, njihovo vizijo, storitve, cilje, poslanstvo ter delo zaposlenih. Predstaviti sem želel, kakšen pomen imajo kanalizacije, vode, greznice in čistilne naprave na varovanje okolja in posledično na naša življenja. V empiričnem delu sem za 300 lokacij, ki jih opravlja podjetje ODTOK, Varinger d.o.o., prikazal najbolj optimalno pot praznjenja greznic. Želel sem prikazati pot, ki bi podjetju predstavljala najkrajšo možno pot, hkrati pa pot, s katero bi imeli najmanjši strošek.In my diploma i presented the operation of Varinger d.o.o. The primary purpose of my graduation work is to deal with the problem that occurs in the de-icing of drains and sewers. I have focused mainly on logistical problems, that cause a lot of problems for the company. Due to logistical problems an important cost in generated annually.
In the first part of the assignemt, I theoretically described the operation of the company, their vision, services, goals, mission and the work of employees. I wanted to present the importance of sewage, water, septic tanks and treatment plants to the protection of the environment and consequently to our lives. In the empirical part, I showed the optimal way of discharging the septic tanks, for 300 locations by the company ODTOK, Variner d.o.o. I wanted to present a path that would represent the company the shortest possible route, and at the same time the way to have the least costs
Automatic generation of hydraulic press cycles using the RFID identification of plan
No full textMagistrska naloga obravnava nadgradnjo delovanja hidravlične stiskalnice. Osrednji izziv predstavlja avtomatsko generiranje preoblikovalnega cikla. Z uporabo RFID tehnologije lahko dosežemo hitrejši prenos informacij o naročilu in preoblikovancih. S tem namenom so obravnavani pristopi v pametni proizvodnji in delovanje RFID ter pregledani načini programiranja PLK. V nadaljevanju so opisani hidravlična stiskalnica, krmilnik CX9020, računalnik Raspberry Pi ter RFID čitalnik ACR122U. Med njimi je po protokolih CCID, ADS in AMS vzpostavljena komunikacija. Informacije o naročilu se prenesejo z RFID čipa preko čitalnika do delovnega mesta. Algoritem, ki je naložen na računalnik Raspberry Pi, iz naročila, poznanega vhodnega materiala ter znane geometrije orodja avtomatsko generira preoblikovalne cikle hidravlične stiskalnice. Karakteristične točke cikla pošlje programu na krmilniku stiskalnice. Ob potrditvi delavca se preoblikovalni cikel izvede. Program na Raspberry Pi-ju spremlja število preoblikovanih in preostalih kosov, prav tako pa tudi tip preoblikovanca in potrebne nastavitve orodja. Ob zaključeni delovni operaciji se informacija o stanju delovnega naloga spet zabeleži na RFID čip.The master\u27s thesis covers the improvement of operation of the hydraulic press. The central challenge is to generate the press cycle automatically. By using RFID technology we can achieve a faster transmission of information about the work order and the work-in-progress items. To this end, approaches in smart manufacturing and RFID functionality are discussed, and PLC programming methods are reviewed. Furthermore, the hydraulic press, the CX9020 controller, the Raspberry Pi computer and the ACR122U RFID reader are described. Communication is established between them via the CCID, ADS and AMS protocols. The work order information is transmitted from the RFID tag via the reader to the working station. The algorithm running on the Raspberry Pi automatically generates the working cycles according to the work order, known input material and known tool geometry. It then sends the characteristic points of the cycle to the press controller. Following the confirmation from the worker the press cycle is performed. The program on Raspberry Pi monitors the number of reshaped and remaining pieces, as well as the type of product that is to be made and the necessary tool settings. When the work operations are complete the information about the status of the work order is again recorded on the RFID tag
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