1,720,956 research outputs found
Extraction and Encapsulation of Bioactive Compounds Employing Novel Technologies
No full textThe main objective of this thesis was to investigate the potential of novel extraction techniques to enhance the extraction efficiency and biological functionality of bioactive compounds. The potential of encapsulation to increase the efficacy of these extracted bioactive compounds in food, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications was also investigated. Chapter 3 investigated conventional and novel extraction protocols utilizing novel techniques to extract phycobiliproteins (PBPs) from the red microalgae. PBPs were extracted using a cold plasma discharge system (CPDS) and a cold plasma jet system (CPJS) with water as the solvent. CPDS demonstrated superior effectiveness in enhancing extraction yield. CPDS-treated PBPs exhibited the highest antioxidant activities and demonstrated high cytotoxic potential in Caco-2 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines. UAE, MAE, and PEFAE novel technologies, were employed to further enhance the extraction yield of PBPs in Chapter 4. This enhanced extraction yield was achieved through UAE treatment using a 20kHz probe for 10min at 4°C. Significant improvements in the antioxidant activities were also measured. Moreover, PBPs extracts obtained through UAE treatment exhibited no cytotoxic potential in human lung carcinoma and colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines. In Chapter 5 the potential of MAE and UAE treatments to enhance the extraction yields of phycocyanins (PCs) from Arthrospira platensis were investigated at selected pH levels. The highest extraction yield was obtained from UAE for 15min at 4°C. Highest antioxidant activities were measured in crude PEs extract obtained from 10min UAE treatment. Cytotoxicity analysis revealed that the obtained crude PCs extracts pose minimal cytotoxic risk at concentrations 75 to 80% cell viability <200µg/mL. Chapters 8 and 9 investigated the extraction of phenolic compounds and proteins from food byproducts The highest extraction yield from buckwheat was obtained from HPPAE for 8min at 400MPa treatment. The highest antioxidant activities measured in crude phenolic extracts were obtained from HPPAE for 8min at 400MPa treatment. From M. charantia seeds, the highest extraction yield of crude proteins was obtained from UAE 30min at 4°C. After isolation and purification, 9.08 ± 0.23g of protein with 82.69 ± 0.78% purity was obtained from 100g of M.charantia seeds on a dry basis. Antidiabetic assays showed significantly antidiabetic higher activity for the purified protein compared to the crude protein . In vitro cytotoxicity analysis showed that concentrations <200µg/mL were non-toxic. Chapter 10 investigated the encapsulation of bioactive pigments using inulin and gum arabic. Microparticles were produced using a nano spray drying technique. Results demonstrated high encapsulation yields, solubility and colour retention for both encapsulated PCs and PEs. The combination of inulin and gum arabic facilitated the formation of smaller encapsulated particles with a homogeneous morphology and higher encapsulation efficiency compared to microparticles prepared with inulin alone. The antioxidant activity of microparticles encapsulated with the combination of inulin and gum arabic exhibited the best performance in case of FEAP assay for PCs and ABTS assay for PEs. In summary, this thesis demonstrated the potential of novel extraction technologies as viable alternatives to CAE. Encapsulation was demonstrated to enhance the stability and functionality of natural colourants.2025-12-02 JG: Author's signature removed from PD
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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