265,967 research outputs found
Hemicorallium kaiyo Nonaka & Hayashibara 2021, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Hemicorallium kaiyo</i> sp. nov. (Figs 43–48; Tables 2, 7) <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Holotype, NSMT-Co 1737, Koko Seamount, 409–942 m, 14 June 2011.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Colony may branch almost in one plane,</p> <p>without anastomoses, but colony form is unknown. Branching is irregular, at acute angles. Contracted autozooids are concentrated on the terminal twigs, interpolypar distance 1–3 mm, diameter 0.8–1.5 mm (average 1.06 mm) and height 0.7–1.3 mm (average 1.0 mm). Coenenchyme is 0.05–0.12 mm (average 0.08 mm) thick in the dry condition, without small warts, pale red in color. Axis stout, having many commensal burrows, no depressions underneath autozooids, smooth surface, red. Tentacles contain rods (about 0.1 mm long), coenenchyme contains 6-, 7-, and 8-radiates. Multi-radiates are rare, and double-clubs are absent.</p> <p> <b>Description of the holotype.</b> Colony form. The specimen is a branch tip with some twigs (Fig. 43). It is about 50 mm long and 20 mm wide. Branch diameter is 4–5 mm, terminals 1–2 mm. It is presumed that branching is almost in one plane, without anastomoses, but the colony form is unknown. The angle of branching is acute (Fig. 43). Two commensal brittle stars were found on the branch.</p> <p>Polyps. The autozooids are not retracted into the coenenchyme, making cylindrical mounds with 8 inconspicuous longitudinal striations. They tend to concentrate on the terminal twigs, but not in clusters (Fig. 43). Autozooids are 1.06± 0.13 mm in diameter and 1.00± 0.19 mm in height (Table 2), distributed at 1–3 mm intervals on the twigs (Fig. 44). Siphonozooids cannot be found in this specimen.</p> <p>Axis. The surface of the stem of the axis is smooth and the twigs of the axis have shallow longitudinal grooves (Figs 45, 46). The grooves are distributed at about 0.34 mm intervals (Table 2). There are no rounded pits on the surface of the axis at the position of each autozooid. Many polychaete burrows are found in the axis, with some polychaetes visible by microscope (Fig. 45).</p> <p>Coenenchyme. The coenenchyme is very thin, 0.08± 0.03 mm and smooth, covering the axis (Figs 45, 46; Table 2). There are no warts on its surface (Figs 45, 46). At high magnification, the gastrovascular system is visible through it (Fig. 45).</p> <p>Color. The dry coenenchyme is pale red, the axis a deeper red color (Figs 43–46).</p> <p>Sclerites. The tentacles contain mainly rods (60%; 0.102± 0.014 mm long, 0.028± 0.004 mm wide), multi-radiates (27%; 0.084± 0.014 mm long, 0.036± 0.006 mm wide) and a few 7-radiates, 8-radiates and others (Figs 47, 48; Table 7).</p> <p>The autozooid mounds contain mainly symmetric 6-radiates (25%; 0.058± 0.008 mm long, 0.039± 0.005 mm wide), symmetric 8-radiates (20%; 0.068± 0.011 mm long, 0.041± 0.004 mm wide), 7-radiates (18%; 0.062± 0.009 mm long, 0.039± 0.005 mm width), and some asymmetric 6-radiates, asymmetric 8-radiates, multi-radiates are present (Figs 47, 48; Table 7).</p> <p>The branch tips contain mainly symmetric 8-radiates (29%; 0.061± 0.006 mm long, 0.039± 0.004 mm width), 7-radiates (26%; 0.057± 0.008 mm long, 0.039± 0.004 mm width), asymmetric 8-radiates (18%; 0.061± 0.006 mm long, 0.040± 0.003 mm width), symmetric 6-radiates (15%; 0.058± 0.006 mm long, 0.039± 0.004 mm width), and a few asymmetric 6-radiates and multi-radiates (Figs 47, 48; Table 7).</p> <p>The coenenchyme at the base of the colony contains mainly symmetric 8-radiates (39%; 0.059± 0.006 mm long, 0.038± 0.003 mm wide), 7-radiates (22%; 0.053± 0.006 mm long, 0.035± 0.004 mm wide), asymmetric 8-radiates (16%; 0.056± 0.006 mm long, 0.036± 0.003 mm width) and symmetric 6-radiates (13%; 0.053± 0.006 mm long, 0.037± 0.004 mm width). There are a few asymmetric 6-radiates and multi-radiates (Figs 47, 48; Table 7).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The survey at the Emperor Seamounts was conducted by the Fisheries Agency research vessel “ <i>Kaiyomaru</i> ”. This species is named “kaiyo” from the name of the vessel, to give thanks to the <i>Kaiyo-maru</i> crew who collected the specimens studied here.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Specimen NSMT-Co 1737 has non-retract- ed, cylindrical autozooids (Figs 45, 46), slender rod-shaped sclerites in the tentacles (Fig. 47), and lacks rounded pits on the surface of the axis at the position of each autozooid, thus belonging in the genus <i>Hemicorallium.</i></p> <p> There are only two species in the Pacific <i>Hemicorallium</i> previously described as having small contracted autozooids about 1.0 mm in both height and diameter: <i>H. laauense</i> and <i>H. taiwanicum</i> (Tu, Dai, and Jeng, 2012). However, <i>H. laauense</i> has both axis and coenenchyme whitish in color, and <i>H. taiwanicum</i> has an orange axis and dark-pink coenenchyme. Both species have no (or rare) 6-radiates in their coenenchyme, but NSMT-Co 1737 has about 25% 6-radiates (Figs 47, 48; Table 7). The color of the axis of this specimen</p> <p> 330 M. Nonaka and T. Hayashibara is the reddest encountered in this collection, comparable to that of <i>C. japonicum</i>. However, it seems unsuitable for ornamental use because of the numerous burrows in the axis (Fig. 45).</p>Published as part of <i>Nonaka, Masanori & Hayashibara, Takeshi, 2021, A Report on Coralliidae (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) Specimens Collected from the Emperor Seamounts with Descriptions of Three New Species, pp. 297-342 in Species Diversity 26</i> on pages 327-330, DOI: 10.12782/specdiv.26.297, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5739111">http://zenodo.org/record/5739111</a>
Hemicorallium tokiyasui Nonaka & Hayashibara 2021, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Hemicorallium tokiyasui</i> sp. nov. (Figs 57–63; Tables. 2, 7) <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Holotype, NSMT-Co 1736, Koko Seamount, 414 m, 4 September 2009.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Colony is branched almost in one plane with a few anastomoses. Branching irregular, at acute angles near the base and almost right angles in the twigs. Contract-</p> <p>ed autozooids are concentrated on both sides of the terminal twigs, at 1–2 mm intervals, 0.8–1.3 mm (average 1.0 mm) in diameter and 0.6–1.8 mm (average 1.1 mm) in height. Coenenchyme is 0.04–0.11 mm (average 0.06 mm) thick in the dry condition, with small but distinct warts on the twigs, pale pink in color. Axis stout, no pits underneath autozooids, surface smooth, pale purple to pink in color. Tentacles contain short (<0.1 mm) rods, coenenchyme contains several types of small (<0.05 mm) sclerites (6-radiate, 7-radiates, 8-radiates and multi-radiates). Double-clubs are absent.</p> <p> <b>Description of the holotype.</b> Colony form. The specimen is part of a colony with a thick stem and sharp twigs (Fig. 57). The colony is about 80 mm tall and 60 mm wide, and is branched in almost one plane. Very thin twigs branch off directly from the thick stems, and the twigs have a few anastomoses (Fig. 58). They tend to occur on one side of the colony, with almost no twigs on the remaining sides. Their angle of branching is acute in the stem, but at almost right angles in the twigs. Stem diameter is about 12 mm and thinnest branch tip is about 1–2 mm. Branch cross sections are rounded (Fig. 61).</p> <p>Polyps. The autozooids are not retracted into the coenenchyme, making cylindrical mounds with 8 longitudinal striations (Fig. 60). Most of them are distributed on all sides of the twigs, with a few of them tending to one side of the stem (Fig. 58). They are 1.00± 0.12 mm in diameter and 1.10± 0.26 mm in height (Table 2), distributed at 1–2mm intervals on the twigs (Fig. 59). Siphonozooids are inconspicuous, distributed on the twigs, and about 0.06 mm in diameter (Fig. 59; Table 2).</p> <p>Axis. The surface of the axis is smooth, not striated (Fig. 58). There are no rounded pits on the surface of the axis at the position of each autozooid. A few commensal burrows are present in the axis, with one polychaete visible by microscope (Fig. 60).</p> <p>Coenenchyme. Coenenchyme is very thin, 0.06± 0.02 mm thick (Fig. 61; Table 2). Small but distinct warts 0.20± 0.02 mm in diameter, are distributed in longitudinal rows on the surface of the colony (Fig. 59).</p> <p>Color. The dry coenenchyme is pale pink, some twigs are whitish to white (Figs 57, 58). Axis is pale purple to pink in the stem, whitish in the twigs (Figs 57, 58).</p> <p>Sclerites. The tentacles contain mainly rods (46%; 0.077± 0.011 mm long, 0.023± 0.004 mm wide), multi-radiates (28%; 0.060± 0.009 mm long, 0.036± 0.005 mm wide) and a few 6-radiates, 7-radiates, 8-radiates and others (Figs 62, 63; Table 7).</p> <p>The autozooid mounds contain mainly multi-radiates (38%; 0.059± 0.009 mm long, 0.042± 0.004 mm wide), asymmetric 8-radiates (17%; 0.060± 0.009 mm long, 0.041± 0.004 mm wide), and some 6-radiates, 7-radiates, symmetric 8-radiates, a few 5-radiates and others are present (Figs 62, 63; Table 7).</p> <p>The branch tips contain mainly asymmetric 6-radiates (23%; 0.044± 0.004 mm long, 0.034± 0.003 mm wide), 7-radiates (23%; 0.047± 0.004 mm long, 0.035± 0.003 mm wide), asymmetric 8-radiates (20%; 0.047± 0.005 mm long, 0.034± 0.004 mm wide), multi-radiates (19%; 0.050± 0.011 mm long, 0.037± 0.004 mm wide), and a few crosses, symmetric 6-radiates, and symmetric 8-radiates (Figs 62, 63; Table 7).</p> <p>Coenenchyme on the base of the colony contains mainly asymmetric 8-radiates (26%; 0.048± 0.003 mm long, 0.034± 0.003 mm wide), symmetric 8-radiates (17%; 0.047± 0.005 mm long, 0.033± 0.004 mm wide), 7-radiates (16%; 0.046± 0.005 mm long, 0.035± 0.004 mm wide), multiradiates (15%; 0.045± 0.003 mm long, 0.036± 0.003 mm wide) and asymmetric 6-radiates (14%; 0.044± 0.004 mm long, 0.034± 0.002 mm wide). There are a few crosses 5-radiates and symmetric6-radiates (Figs 62, 63; Table 7).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> Named for the location where the specimen collected, Koko Seamount, one of the Emperor Seamounts. In 1954, Robert S. Dietz, a United States oceanographer, named the seamounts in the chain after Japanese emperors (mainly ancient) (Sugiyama 2005). Koko Seamount was named for the 58th Japanese Emperor, Koko (830–887). The scientific name of this new species honors Emperor Koko and is derived from his “Imina” or personal name, Tokiyasu.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Tu et al. (2015b) described the morphological characters of the genus <i>Hemicorallium</i> as follows: Contracted autozooids are not retracted in the coenenchyme, cylindrical in shape, usually distributed on one side of the colony. The tentacles contain slender rod-shaped sclerites. These characters are all found in NSMT-Co 1736.</p> <p> In the species of the genus <i>Hemicorallium</i> described from the Pacific, only <i>H. laauense</i> and <i>H. taiwanicum</i> have contracted autozooids similar in size to NSMT-Co 1736 (about 1.0 mm in both height and diameter). However, <i>H. laauense</i> has a whitish axis and coenenchyme, and <i>H. taiwanicum</i> has an orange axis and dark-pink coenenchyme. The morphological features of this specimen most resemble <i>H. kaiyo</i> sp. nov. as described above (in autozooid size and sclerite composition) but axis color and sclerite size are remarkably different (those of <i>H. kaiyo</i> are much larger). A unique character of NSMT-Co 1736 is having a pale purple to pink axis. Moreover, except for the tentacle rods, the sclerites of NSMT-Co 1736 are smaller, <0.05 mm, than those of <i>H. laauense</i> (> 0.08 mm) and <i>H. taiwanicum</i>: 0.054 –0.096 mm).</p>Published as part of <i>Nonaka, Masanori & Hayashibara, Takeshi, 2021, A Report on Coralliidae (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) Specimens Collected from the Emperor Seamounts with Descriptions of Three New Species, pp. 297-342 in Species Diversity 26</i> on pages 331-335, DOI: 10.12782/specdiv.26.297, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5739111">http://zenodo.org/record/5739111</a>
Hemicorallium muzikae Nonaka & Hayashibara 2021, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Hemicorallium muzikae</i> sp. nov. (Figs 49–56; Tables 2, 7) <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Holotype, NSMT-Co 1738, Colahan Seamount, 682–712 m, 2 August 2012.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Colony may branch almost in one plane, with some anastomoses, but the whole colony form is unknown. Branching irregular, almost acute angles. Contract- ed autozooids are concentrated on one side of the colony, interpolypary distance 1.1–3.7mm, diameter 0.9–1.3 mm (average 1.08 mm) and height 0.7–1.3mm (average 0.99 mm). Coenenchyme is 0.09–0.18 mm (average 0.13 mm) thick in the dry condition, with small warts, pale pink in color. Axis pink, stout, with longitudinal grooves, many commensal burrows, no depressions underneath autozooids. Tentacles contain rods about 0.1 mm long, coenenchyme contains mainly 8-radiates, 6-, 7-, multi-radiates are present, doubleclubs are absent.</p> <p> <b>Description of the holotype.</b> Colony form. The specimen consists of two twigs (Fig. 49). One is 80 mm long and 60 mm wide, the other about 60 mm long and 60 mm wide. Diameter is 5–10 mm at the branch base, 1–2 mm terminally (Fig. 49). Branching may be almost planar, with some anastomoses, but colony form is unknown. The angle of branching is irregular, almost acute (Fig. 49).</p> <p>Polyps. The autozooids are not retracted into the coenenchyme, making cylindrical mounds with 8 conspicuous longitudinal striations (Fig. 52). They are present on only one side of the colony, absent on the opposite side (Fig. 50), tending to concentrate on the terminal twigs, but not making clusters (Fig. 51). They measure 1.08± 0.09 mm in diameter and 0.99± 0.20 mm in height (Fig. 52; Table 2). Interpolypary distance is 1–3.5 mm on the twigs (Fig. 52). Siphonozooids (0.08± 0.03 mm in diameter) are sparsely distributed on the basal parts of the autozooids (Fig. 52; Table 2).</p> <p>Axis. The surface of the axis is almost smooth, having shallow longitudinal grooves about 0.32 mm apart (Fig. 53; Table 2). There are no rounded pits on the surface of the axis at the positions of autozooids. Many polychaete burrows are present in the axis (Fig. 51).</p> <p>Coenenchyme. Coenenchyme is very thin, 0.13± 0.02 mm thick, covering the axis (Fig. 54; Table 2). Warts (about 0.23 mm in diameter) are visible on the surface (Figs 51, 52), tending to line up longitudinally. On the twigs they become raised ridges (Fig. 52), especially on the side without autozooids. At high magnifications, the gastrovascular system is visible through the thin coenenchyme (Fig. 54). This thin coenenchymal “curtain” covers the burrows of commensal worms (Fig. 51).</p> <p>Color. The dry coenenchyme is pale pink, the axis is a deeper pink color (Figs 49–54).</p> <p>Sclerites. The tentacles contain mainly rods (37%; 0.092± 0.017 mm long, 0.024± 0.005 mm wide), multi-radi- ates (29%; 0.079± 0.013 mm long, 0.033± 0.005 mm wide) and a few 6-radiates, 7-radiates and 8-radiates (Figs 55, 56; Table 7).</p> <p>The autozooid mounds contain mainly symmetric 8-radiates (45%; 0.068± 0.008 mm long, 0.041± 0.004 mm wide), asymmetric 8-radiates (19%; 0.071± 0.006 mm long, 0.044± 0.003 mm wide), 7-radiates (19%; 0.065± 0.003 mm long, 0.042± 0.003 mm wide), and a few 6-radiates and multi-radiates (Figs 55, 56; Table 7).</p> <p>The branch tips contain mainly symmetric 8-radiates (37%; 0.059± 0.009 mm long, 0.037± 0.005 mm width), asymmetric 8-radiates (32%; 0.056± 0.004 mm long, 0.038± 0.003 mm width), and a few 6-radiates, 7-radiates, multi-radiates, others (Figs 55, 56; Table 7).</p> <p>Basal coenenchyme contains mainly symmetric 8-radiates (46%; 0.058± 0.005 mm long, 0.037± 0.003 mm wide) and asymmetric 8-radiates (35%; 0.056± 0.005 mm long, 0.037± 0.003 mm width), 7-radiates (13%; 0.056± 0.006 mm long, 0.036± 0.003 mm width), with a few crosses, 6-radiates and multi-radiates (Figs 55, 56; Table 7).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> This species is named in honor of Dr. Katherine Muzik, scientist and octocoral researcher for over 50 years (since 1970). She studied taxonomy, including of the Coralliidae, with Dr. Frederick Bayer, and conducted field research on octocorals worldwide, especially in the Caribbean, Fiji, the Hawaiian Islands, Okinawa and Japan. Her excellent studies have greatly supported our research on octocorals.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Because specimen NSMT-Co 1738, has nonretracted, cylindrical autozooids (Fig. 52), slender rodshaped sclerites in the tentacles (Fig. 55), and lacks rounded pits on the axis at the position of each autozooid, this specimen is placed in the genus <i>Hemicorallium</i>.</p> <p> There are only two species of <i>Hemicorallium</i> previously described from the Pacific having small (about 1.0 mm in both height and diameter) contracted autozooids: <i>H. laauense</i> and <i>H. taiwanicum</i>. The two other new species described in this study, <i>H. kaiyo</i> sp. nov. and <i>H. tokiyasui</i> sp. nov., have similarly sized autozooids, but differ in sclerite composition (both 6-radiates and 8-radiates present) from <i>H. muzikae</i> sp. nov. (8-radiates dominant). <i>Hemicorallium taiwanicum</i> differs in color (dark-pink coenenchyme and orange axis) and contains predominantly double-club sclerites in its coenenchyme (Tu et al. 2012). <i>Hemicorallium laauense</i> and <i>H. muzikae</i> sp. nov. have similar sclerite composition, but differ in color of axis and coenenchyme. Additionally, the rod-shaped sclerites of <i>H. laauense</i> are reportedly much larger (0.145 mm) (Bayer 1956) than those of <i>H. muzikae</i> (0.092 mm).</p>Published as part of <i>Nonaka, Masanori & Hayashibara, Takeshi, 2021, A Report on Coralliidae (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) Specimens Collected from the Emperor Seamounts with Descriptions of Three New Species, pp. 297-342 in Species Diversity 26</i> on pages 330-331, DOI: 10.12782/specdiv.26.297, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5739111">http://zenodo.org/record/5739111</a>
Paithrips circularis Nonaka & Jangvitaya
No full textPaithrips circularis Nonaka & Jangvitaya (Figs 16–18) Paithrips circularis Nonaka & Jangvitaya, 1994: 47. Female. Body largely yellow, but head light brown; antennal segments I, apical half of VI and V brown, the remaining yellow. Fore wing light brown with 3 pale areas. Head (Fig. 16) wider than long with transverse lines posteriorly, slightly constricted just behind compound eyes; cheeks slightly rounded; ocellar setae setae III longer than II, situated at posterior margin of ocellar triangle; postocular setae I and II are sub-equal in length, longer than setae III and IV. Mouth-cone short and rounded. Pronotum longer than head, sculptured with distinctly transverse anastomosing striae on dorsal surface, along with some small circles near lateral margin in posterior third (Fig. 18); two pairs of posteroangular setae well developed, inner pair longer than outer pair; two or three pairs of anteromarginal setae often very long; three pairs of posteromarginal setae present. Mesonotum sculptured with transverse anastomosing lines medially (Fig. 17); metanotum distinctly reticulated, median pair of setae behind anterior margin (Fig. 17). Fore wing first vein with 7 basal setae, 2–3 apical setae, posteromarginal cilia wavy. Abdominal tergites II–VIII weakly sculptured with transverse lines anteriorly, tergite VIII without posteromarginal comb, tergite X without median slit. Material examined. 1♀, China, Hainan, Wanning City, Niulou Town (18°46'N, 110°15'E; elev. 30 m), collected from Averrhoa carambola L, 27 November 2014, leg. Junyu Chen. Distribution. China (Hainan); Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia. Remarks. The genus Paithrips was established by Nonaka and Jangvitaya in 1994 with the type species Paithrips circularis from Malaysia and Thailand. Later, Masumoto and Okajima (2012) described a second species in the genus from Vietnam. This genus is similar to the genus Okajimaella, but it can be separated from the latter by the dorsal surface of pronotum apparently sculptured with transverse lines and abdominal tergite IX with a pair of posteromarginal drepanae (Nonaka & Jangvitaya, 1994). Paithrips is newly recorded from China in this study. The generic epithet “ pai ” is the meaning of bamboo in Thai and refers to the species of Paithrips mainly inhabiting in bamboo (Nonaka & Jangvitaya, 1994). However, Paithrips circularis, the single specimen recorded here, was collected from the leaf of starfruit. Funding This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31372236) and the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201203092). Acknowledgements We are grateful to Prof. Yueguan Fu (Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan) for providing help in field work and Dr. Majid Mirab-balou (College of Agriculture, Ilam University, Iran) for providing useful information in identification of the genus Bregmatothrips. Thanks are also due to anonymous referees for their editorial advice and constructive comments.Published as part of Wang, Zhaohong, Zhao, Chao, Chen, Junyu & Tong, Xiaoli, 2016, Two newly recorded genera and a new species of Thripinae from China (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), pp. 253-260 in Zoological Systematics 41 (3) on pages 258-259, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201626, http://zenodo.org/record/536722
Paithrips Nonaka & Jangvitaya
No full textPaithrips Nonaka & Jangvitaya Paithrips Nonaka & Jangvitaya, 1994 b: 46. Type species: P. c i rc u l ar i s Nonaka & Jangvitaya, 1994 b, by original designation and monotypy. Female. Wing fully developed. Head (Fig. 1 B) wider than long, slightly constricted just behind compound eyes, slightly rounded at cheeks; ocellar setae I absent, setae II often very long, setae III situated at tangent of posterior margin of hind ocelli; four pairs of postocular setae present. Compound eyes slightly bulged, with five pigmented ommatidia slightly larger than normal ommatidia. Mouth-cone short and rounded at apex with 3 -segmented maxillary palpi. Antennae (Fig. 2 B) 8 -segmented, segment I with two dorsal apical setae, III and IV with forked sensoria. Pronotum (Fig. 1 B) wider than long and not much longer than head, distinctly sculptured with narrowly spaced transverse anastomosing striae, sculpture with some small circles near medially; two pairs of posteroangular setae developed; two or three pairs of anteromarginal setae often very long; three pairs of posteromarginal setae present. Mesonotum (Fig. 2 D) weakly sculptured or distinctly sculptured with transverse anastomosing striae on posterior half; median pair of setae situated near posterior margin. Metascutum (Fig. 2 D) sculpture transversely reticulate or arched medially; campaniform sensilla absent; median pair of setae behind anterior margin (Fig. 4). Prosternal ferna narrowly separated at middle. Mesosternum with sternopleural suture weak and incomplete, not reaching anterior margin; endofurca with spinula. Metasternal endofurca without spinula. Metaepimeron with two setae. Metaepisternum without seta. Metapreepisternum developed and with two setae. Fore wing first vein with median long gap in setal row and two or three distal setae, second vein with many almost equally spaced setae; clavus usually with four veinal and a discal setae; posteromarginal cilia wavy. Tarsi 2 -segmented. Abdominal tergites without ctenidia and posteromarginal craspeda; tergites II–VII with three setae (S 3 to S 5 setae) arranged in a straight line along lateral margin (cf. Fig. 3 B); tergite VIII (Fig. 4 B) without posteromarginal comb; tergite X without median slit; sternites without posteromarginal craspeda and discal setae; sternites II– VII with 3 pairs of posteromarginal setae; laterotergites without discal setae. Ovipositor developed. Male. General structure and colour similar to female. Abdominla tergite IX with a pair of posteromarginal drepanae (cf. Fig. 3 C); sternites III–VIII each with some scattered small pore plates (cf. Fig. 3 D). Comments. This genus was known previously only from Thailand.Published as part of Masumoto, Masami & Okajima, Shûji, 2012, Trichromothrips genus-group (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) from Vietnam, with descriptions of new species in both Okajimaella and Paithrips, pp. 1-11 in Zootaxa 3313 on pages 7-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21144
Paithrips circularis Nonaka & Jangvitaya 1994
No full textPaithrips circularis Nonaka & Jangvitaya, 1994 (Figs 10–11) Described from Malaysia on bamboo, this thripinae species is recorded from India for the first time, and was identified based on the original description. The species can be recognized by: yellow body with light brown head; antennal segment I, apical half of IV–V brown. Fore wing light brown with 3 pale areas. Head wider than long. Mouth cone short and rounded. Pronotum with transverse anastomosing striae along with some small circles near lateral margin in posterior third. Mesonotum with transverse anastomosing striation medially. Metanotum reticulated; median pair of setae behind anterior margin. Fore wing first vein with 7 basal setae, 2-3 apical setae, posteromarginal cilia wavy. Abdominal tergites II–VIII with weakly transverse lines anteriorly; VIII without posteromarginal comb; X without median slit. Male with a pair of posteromarginal drepanae on abdominal tergite IX. Sternites III–VIII with discrete small pore areas. Material studied. India: Kerala, Wayanad, 2 males, 3 females on bamboo, 5.i.2019 (Iftikar Rahman), Accession number OK165453 to OK165458.Published as part of Singha, Devkant, Patidar, Abhishek, Kumar, Vikas & Tyagi, Kaomud, 2021, A new species of Mycterothrips Trybom (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) from India with new record of the genus Paithrips Nonaka & Jangvitaya, pp. 135-140 in Zootaxa 5048 (1) on page 139, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5048.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/554929
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Author Co-Citation Analysis (ACA): a powerful tool for representing implicit knowledge of scholar knowledge workers
No full textIn the last decade, knowledge has emerged as one of the most important and valuable organizational assets. Gradually this importance caused to emergence of new discipline entitled ―knowledge management‖. However one of the major challenges of knowledge management is conversion implicit or tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge. Thus Making knowledge visible so that it can be better accessed, discussed, valued or generally managed is a long-standing objective in knowledge management. Accordingly in this paper author co- citation analysis (ACA) will be proposed as an efficient technique of knowledge visualization in academia (Scholar knowledge workers)
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