1,721,016 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Chiroptically-Active Quantum Nanostructures
No full textIn this research, a wide variety of fluorescent nanoparticles have been synthesised and analysed through the lens of optical activity and potential chiroptical applications. Cadmium and cadmium-free fluorescent nanoparticles were synthesised using a range of synthetic approaches including aqueous co-precipitation, hot-injection and heating up techniques. While the majority of the particles analysed in this research were spherical (quantum dots), efforts were taken to produced several different shapes such as nanoplatelets, dot-in-rods and nanotetrapods.
Using ligand exchange techniques, and the inclusion of chiral stabilising ligands in the synthesis of these particles, optical activity was induced and subsequently analysed using circular dichroism spectroscopy. The resultant chiral nanoparticles were tested for potential applications in a series of experiments including enantio-cytotoxicity, enantioselective quenching, and enantioselective biological imaging.
While producing particles which demonstrated ligand-induced optical activity was the primary focus of this research, many of the tested applications demonstrated clear differences in the behaviour of nanoparticles stabilised with opposite enantiomer ligands
Identification and characterisation of proteins from the tomato lectin binding fraction of Trypanosoma brucei
No full textTHESIS 8127African trypanosomes, of which Trypanosoma brucei may be considered a prototypic member, are protozoan parasites responsible for sleeping sickness in man and related diseases in cattle and other domestic animals. Although trypanosomes are obligatorily dependent on the uptake of factors from their hosts our understanding of the molecular machinery is limited. Glycans containing linear poly-N-acetyllactosamine (pNAL) are associated only with proteins from the flagellar pocket and endocytic pathway in T. brucei. These glycoproteins bind to
tomato lectin which has allowed their single step isolation. This study was aimed at
identifying and characterising proteins that bind to tomato lectin using a number of approaches. Several new results were obtained. Firstly, a pulse/chase labelling approach demonstrated that metabolic turnover of these proteins was rapid compared
to the total pool of cellular protein. Post translational processing of these proteins was assessed and was also found to be rapid. Secondly, selected clones were isolated by screening of a cDNA library using antibodies against the tomato lectin binding fraction. A variety of molecular, biochemical, cellular and immunological approaches were employed to characterise these candidates at a functional and molecular level. These studies also employed gene-knockdown techniques based on RNA interference to establish potential functions by phenotype analysis. All of the candidate clones were expressed in vitro, and all represented likely transmembrane proteins. One of the selected cDNA clones represented a protein which was localised specifically to the flagellar pocket/endocytic pathway. Another of these clones, along with a related gene identified by screening of the genome, encoded putative type I membrane proteins. These two proteins were expressed in a stage specific manner, were essential in their respective life cycle stages and were required for proper attachment of the flagellum. Loss of these proteins caused detachment of flagellae from the cell body with the exception of a single point at the base of the flagellum. A block in cytokinesis, but not mitosis, and a corresponding increase in number of nuclei/kinetoplasts, flagellae, and other organelles per cell was observed. Severe morphological changes occurred in these cells followed by ultimately, cell death. Similar general phenotypes have frequently been reported for constituents of the trypanosome flagellum, which suggested involvement of these two proteins at this subcellular location
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