1,721,308 research outputs found
Impact on ovarian reserve and fertility using carbon dioxide laser for endometriosis treatment: a systematic review.
No full textpeer reviewedBackgroundThe application of carbon dioxide (CO2) laser for laparoscopic gynecologic surgery was introduced in 1979 and spread after improving instrumentation, due to the versatility of the CO2 laser technology and the parallel increase of laparoscopic use. In a gynecologic setting, laser laparoscopy has been demonstrated to be effective in treating infertility and pain associated with mild to severe endometriosis.Aim and methods: This document aims at conducting a systematic review to provide a comprehensive literature overview regarding the rationale, indications, safety, and efficacy of CO2 laser treatment of endometriosis and related outcomes on ovarian reserve and fertility.ResultsCO2 laser seems to lead to lower heat damage in the ovarian tissue than bipolar energy during endometriomas treatment. Moreover, several reports have pointed out that laser vaporization allows to selectively destroy the endometrioma wall's internal surface, preserving the pericystic fibrotic capsule or the adjacent healthy ovarian cortex. Despite this, robust data we have so far indicates that the most effective laparoscopic approach for managing endometriomas is the traditional excisional technique providing better postoperative outcomes than drainage and electrocoagulation, and laser treatment. Data about fertility after treatment of deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) using dioxide laser are emerging but very poor.ConclusionsCurrent scientific evidence in this field is inconclusive, and the debate about the safety and efficacy of the CO2 laser on fertility outcomes is still ongoing. Further randomized case-control studies are mandatory to attain more consistent evidence
The FIGO ovulatory disorders classification system.
Full text linkpeer reviewedOvulatory disorders are common causes of amenorrhea, abnormal uterine bleeding, and infertility, and are frequent manifestations of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). There are many potential causes and contributors to ovulatory dysfunction that challenge clinicians, trainees, educators, and those who perform basic, translational, clinical, and epidemiological research. Similarly, therapeutic approaches to ovulatory dysfunction potentially involve a spectrum of lifestyle, psychological, medical, and procedural interventions. Collaborative research, effective education, and consistent clinical care remain challenged by the absence of a consensus comprehensive system for classification of these disorders. The existing and complex system, attributed to WHO, was developed more than three decades ago and did not consider more than 30 years of research into these disorders in addition to technical advances in imaging and endocrinology. This manuscript describes the development of a new classification of ovulatory disorders performed under the aegis of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) and conducted using a rigorously applied Delphi process. The stakeholder organizations and individuals who participated in this process comprised specialty journals, experts at large, national, specialty obstetrical and gynecological societies, and informed lay representatives. After two face-to-face meetings and five Delphi rounds, the result is a three-level multi-tiered system. The system is applied after a preliminary assessment identifies the presence of an ovulatory disorder. The primary level of the system is based on an anatomic model (Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Ovary) that is completed with a separate category for PCOS. This core component of the system is easily remembered using the acronym HyPO-P. Each anatomic category is stratified in the second layer of the system to provide granularity for investigators, clinicians, and trainees using the "GAIN-FIT-PIE" mnemonic (Genetic, Autoimmune, Iatrogenic, Neoplasm; Functional, Infectious and Inflammatory, Trauma and Vascular; Physiological, Idiopathic, Endocrine). The tertiary level allows for specific diagnostic entities. It is anticipated that, if widely adopted, this system will facilitate education, clinical care, and the design and interpretation of research in a fashion that better informs progress in this field. Integral to the deployment of this system is a periodic process of reevaluation and appropriate revision, reflecting an improved understanding of this collection of disorders
Adenomyosis and Infertility: A Literature Review
Full text linkpeer reviewedBackground and Objectives: Adenomyosis (the presence of ectopic endometrial glands and stroma below the endometrial-myometrial junction) is a benign condition which is increasingly diagnosed in younger women suffering from infertility. The aim of this narrative review was to study the pathophysiology and prevalence of adenomyosis, the mechanisms causing infertility, treatment options, and reproductive outcomes in infertile women suffering from adenomyosis. Materials and Methods: A literature search for suitable articles published in the English language was performed using PubMed from January 1970 to July 2022. Results: The literature search retrieved 50 articles that met the purpose of this review and summarized the most recent findings regarding the accuracy of diagnostic methods, pathophysiology, and the prevalence of adenomyosis and optimal strategies for the treatment of infertile women with adenomyosis. Conclusions: Adenomyosis is a common gynecological disorder, affecting women of reproductive age. It negatively affects in vitro fertilization, pregnancy and the live birth rate, as well as increases the risk of miscarriage. With the advent of non-invasive diagnoses with MRI and TVUS, the role of adenomyosis in infertility has been better recognized. Overall, more randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are needed to provide strong data on the accuracy of diagnostic methods, the pathophysiology and the prevalence of adenomyosis, the fertility outcomes of patients and the optimal strategy for the treatment
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Étude des récepteurs aux œstrogènes et à la progestérone dans l'endométriose profonde et de l’amélioration de la prise en charge de la douleur pelvienne chronique
No full textContribution à l’étude de la restauration de la fertilité féminine au moyen d’un modèle de xénogreffe de tissu ovarien cryopréservé
No full textLe pronostic des cancers s’améliorant constamment, de plus en plus de jeunes adultes doivent faire face aux séquelles des traitements anticancéreux, parmi lesquelles la difficulté de concevoir un enfant. Pour les patientes pré-pubères, souffrant de cancers hormono- dépendants ou dont la prise en charge oncologique est urgente, la cryopréservation de tissu ovarien avant l’initiation des traitements susceptibles d’affecter les gonades est actuellement la seule stratégie permettant de préserver la fertilité qui offre un espoir de conception. Toutefois, le succès de cette méthode est limité par la perte folliculaire qui survient après l’autotransplantation du tissu ovarien. Celle-ci pourrait être due à l’apoptose induite par l’hypoxie et les lésions d’ischémie-reperfusion post-transplantatoires.Les recherches menées au cours de ce travail ont été scindées en deux parties. Dans la première, nous avons déterminé une méthode d’analyse des fragments ovariens après xénogreffe permettant d’explorer de façon fiable les effets d’un traitement sur la densité folliculaire. Nous avons également confirmé l’adéquation de la souche de souris hôte utilisée dans le modèle de xénogreffe précédemment développé au laboratoire.Dans la seconde partie de ce travail, nous avons évalué l’intérêt potentiel d’un traitement anti- apoptotique sur la préservation folliculaire après greffe de tissu ovarien cryopréservé. L’effet du Z-VAD-FMK, un inhibiteur de caspases, a d’abord été étudié sur la survie de cellules de la granulosa cultivées en conditions hypoxiques. Nous avons ensuite réalisé des xénogreffes de tissu ovarien humain sur des ovaires de souris immunodéficientes. Au préalable, les fragments ont été enrobés dans une matrice de collagène supplémentée ou non avec le Z- VAD-FMK. Nos analyses ont révélé que cet anti-apoptotique ne permettait pas d’améliorer la préservation folliculaire après la greffe. Par rapport à notre condition contrôle, ce traitement n’affectait pas non plus la prolifération cellulaire, l’hypoxie tissulaire et la formation de nouveaux vaisseaux fonctionnels.En conclusion, nos travaux ont permis de développer et valider des outils techniques indispensables pour les études de xénogreffes de tissu ovarien. Toutefois, nos résultats obtenus in vivo suggèrent que l’apoptose n’est pas la cause principale de la perte folliculaire après la greffe. Ils renforcent ainsi des données récentes qui, en désignant le recrutement folliculaire massif comme étant à l’origine de ce phénomène, ouvrent la voie vers de nouvelles perspectives de recherche
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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