1,721,940 research outputs found
Present Lands: Nishu Day School
No full textThis photographic print, dated November 1, 1946, depicts a Nishu day school of the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara people before the relocation of Nishu, Elbowoods, and other reservation towns due to the construction of the Garrison Dam. The photo shows several buildings separated by fences. To the left appears to be 3-4 houses with sheds or storage buildings. To the far left in the distant background, there is a car. In the middle of the photo is a large building that appears to be the school. There may be an American flag flying out front. To the right of the photo is another house. In the foreground there are several children on a small stair that bridges a fence. In front of the fence, on the other side of a rode, is a sign that reads “No. 24.” The text under the photo reads, “Nishu Day School; Present Lands.
Original print housed at the National Archives Catalogue in Kansas City, Missouri in the “Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs” group. The Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation are noted as “subjects represented” in the collection. National Archives identifier number: 45640845; Local Identifier: 75-FB-188
Remembering Nishu: Spatiality and Belonging in the Missouri River Bottomlands
No full textAbstract
The late nineteenth and twentieth centuries witnessed profound transformations in the organization of North Dakota’s Native American communities. The end of the fur trade, depleting timber resources, and the passage of the Dawes Act in 1887 led to the eventual fissioning of the coalescent community of Like-A-Fishhook Village. Despite their co-residence at the site for almost three decades, the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara people reestablished ethnically distinct villages in the bottomlands of the Missouri River within the Fort Berthold Reservation. Most of the Arikara population settled on allotments in the Nishu area until it was inundated by the Garrison Dam in the early 1950s. Through interviews with Arikara elders, this collaborative project documents the lived experience of Nishu, now under the waters of Lake Sakakawea and visually inaccessible to their descendants. It investigates the role of spatiality and temporality in community construction—specifically, how the persistence of Arikara memory and tradition empowered residents to navigate changes wrought by the assimilative policies of the U.S government. This research revealed that Arikara memories of these submerged lands embody a dialectic of pervasive nostalgia about living there and profound trauma about being forced to leave. Through this dialectic, it elucidates how time, movement, and place are complicit in residents’ sense of belonging, and discusses the inherent challenges in (re)constructing a community’s memory of “erased” heritage.</jats:p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Enhancing Safety in Autonomous Vehicles Using Advanced Deep Learning-Based Pothole Detection
No full text Autonomous vehicles possess the potential to revolutionize transportation by significantly enhancing safety and efficiency. However, their success hinges on overcoming numerous challenges including the detection of potholes which pose significant risks to vehicles and passengers. Consequently the identification and remediation of these obstacles are crucial for the safety of autonomous systems. This research introduces YOLO v8 as a formidable solution for pothole detection predicated on the latest You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithm. Utilizing deep learning techniques this system identifies potholes in real-time enabling autonomous vehicles to circumvent potential hazards and diminish the risk of accidents. Extensive testing with publicly accessible datasets reveal that this approach surpasses contemporary state-of-the-art methodologies in both precision and speed. Various data augmentation strategies are also examined to further enhance detection performance. Empirical evidence indicates that the YOLO v8-based pothole detection system exhibits superior efficacy compared to other analogous systems. This advancement signifies that autonomous driving can be rendered safer and more reliable marking a pivotal milestone in the enhancement of road safety.</p
An Efficient Rescheduling Scheme for Prioritizing Safety Messages in VANETs
No full textThe growing demand among users of mobile devices to swiftly access information items, coupled with the swift creation of new services and applications in automotive environments has led to the introduction of road side units (RSUs) along the roads. These RSUs facilitate the broadcasting of data during communication between the infrastructure and the vehicle. Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) face challenges such as frequent connection changes, a sizeable topological region, location variations, and varying speed of vehicles. In vehicular scenarios, messages are typically categorized into safety and non-safety messages. Efficient broadcasting of safety messages in vehicular scenarios requires message scheduling, with the highest priority given to crucial messages. This paper proposes an Optimum efficient scheme for organizing messages in VANETs. This scheme reschedules messages based on parameters such as data size, quantity of data sought, speed of vehicle, and message deadline. To differentiate messages pertaining to safety with those from non-safety messages, a message factor is taken into consideration. Priorities for service requests or messages are established using these parameters, and messages are rescheduled accordingly. Simulation results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed algorithm compared to recent and relevant schemes.</p
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