22 research outputs found
thirdhand smoke parental risk perception
No full textData of parental risk perception to thirdhand smoke exposur
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among Village Health Volunteers in a rural community Thailand
No full textWe aimed to explore the prevalence and related factors of depression, anxiety, and stress among village health volunteer in community Thailand. This study was used a cross-sectional design to examine the mental health status of village health volunteers in a community in Thailand. The DASS-21 was used to measure depression, anxiety, and stress among the 847 participants included in the analysis. Multiple logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress were 9.8% (95% CI: 7.9, 12.0), 6.3% (95% CI: 4.7, 8.1), and 11.3% (95% CI: 9.3, 13.7), respectively. We observed a high yearly income, having non-communicable diseases, and those who smoked related to stress in VHV. Our result shows the high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among village health volunteer in rural communities. Further research to gain a better understanding of the issue and develop appropriate interventions
Reduced viral burden in paralytic compared to furious canine rabies is associated with prominent inflammation at the brainstem level
No full textIntracellular Spread of Rabies Virus Is Reduced in the Paralytic Form of Canine Rabies Compared to the Furious Form.
No full textStudies of the furious and paralytic forms of canine rabies at the early stage of disease have shown a more rapid viral colonization of the cerebral hemispheres in the furious form, as measured by viral antigen within neuronal cell bodies and viral RNA levels. Measurement of cellular processes separate from neuronal cell body provides a visual record of the spread of rabies virus which occurs across synapses. In this study, the amount of rabies viral antigen within cell processes was quantitatively assessed by image analysis in a cohort of naturally rabies infected non-vaccinated dogs (5 furious and 5 paralytic) that were sacrificed shortly after developing illness. Measurements were taken at different levels of the spinal cord, brain stem, and cerebrum. Results were compared to the amount of rabies viral antigen in neuronal cell bodies. Generally, the amount of rabies viral antigen in cell processes decreased in a rostral direction, following the pattern for the amount of rabies viral antigen in neuronal cell bodies and the percentage of involved cell bodies. However, there was a delay in cell process involvement following cell body involvement, consistent with replication occurring in the cell body region and subsequent transport out to cell processes. Greater amounts of antigen were seen in cell processes in dogs with the furious compared to paralytic form, at all anatomic levels examined. This difference was even evident when comparing (1) neurons with similar amounts of antigen, (2) similar percentages of involved neurons, and (3) anatomic levels that showed 100% positive neurons. These findings suggest that intracellular transport of the virus may be slower in the paralytic form, resulting in slower viral propagation. Possible mechanisms might involve host-specific differences in intracellular virus transport. The latter could be cytokine-mediated, since previous studies have documented greater inflammation in the paralytic form
Graph of the percentage of areas in cellular processes positive for rabies antigen (Y axis) vs. the percentage of neuronal cell bodies positive for rabies antigen (X axis).
No full textData points and linear regression line from dogs with furious rabies are shown in red and paralytic rabies in blue. RABV = Rabies virus, Ag = antigen.</p
% RABA positive area outside the neuronal cell body is shown for individual dogs at each CNS regions.
No full textP1-P5 and F1-F5 in the X axis represent 5 paralytic and 5 furious canines, respectively. Spinal cord samples were not available in P3, P5, F1, and F2, while medulla oblongata was not available in F1. Values in the Y axis of all graphs are % RABA positive area outside the neuronal cell body. An asterisk following the label of a specific anatomical region indicates a significantly higher percentage of RABA area in furious as compared to paralytic dogs. CA = cornu ammonis; and DF = dentate fascia.</p
