1,720,963 research outputs found
Mechanics of facial growth in young patients
Get PDFAim The aim of this work is to focus on the impact of occlusion on facial development.Methods Literature was searched using Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library. The key words and mesh used were bone remodelling, facial growth, masticatory muscles, children. Only articles written in English were included in the study.Results Mechanical forces shape biological tissues. They are the effectors of the developmental programmes that orchestrate morphogenesis. Much effort has been devoted to understanding morphogenetic processes in mechanical terms and in literature there is ample evidence of that. Normal development of the mandible as well as some portions of the upper jaw and face are related to good function of the masticatory apparatus. When the neuromuscular system is in harmony, the mandibular muscles collectively exert their effect on both position and movement of the jaw and the loading of forces on the TM joints is optimal and balanced; when the integrity and interaction of bony and soft-tissue structures is disturbed (i.e. by trauma or TMJ disorders or dysfunction) this may result in facial and occlusal disharmonies.Conclusion Disturbances in the harmonious interplay of the masticatory muscles may result in facial alteration and asymmetries. If not treated, the dysplastic pattern of growth continues and worsens with time
CLEFT LIP-PALATE CHILDREN AND PARENTS PERCEPTIONS OF ORAL HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE
No full textDetection of HPV in oral leukoplakia by brushing and biopsy: prospective study in an Italian cohort
No full textAim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of HPV infection in oral leukoplakia, specifying the HPV genotypes eventually involved. We also compared the micro-biopsy and brushing HPV detecting efficacy.
Materials and methods: Consecutive patients with a presumptive diagnosis of oral leukoplakia were enrolled. Demographical, behavioral data (smoking, alcohol) and lesion features were recorded. Each patient underwent a brushing procedure, performed with a cytobrush rubbed on the lesion, and then a biopsy was performed. The brushing and micro-biopsy specimens were both analyzed with the HPV 28 Anyplex II Seegene RT-PCR. The prevalence of HPV infection was calculated considering the two methods' outcomes separately and then combining both. Cohen's k coefficient was used to assess the agreement between the two methods.
Results: Sixty-five patients were enrolled with a mean age of 60 years. The HPV infection prevalence was 17%, decreasing to 5% considering the brushing outcomes alone. The most frequently detected genotypes were 6 (12%), 11 (3%), 42 (3%), and 16 (3%). No statistically significant correlation was found between HPV infection and the variables analyzed, except for smoking and the type of mucosa (p < 0.05). The strength of agreement between cytobrush and micro-biopsy was "fair" (k = 0.384).
Conclusions: The present study showed a low prevalence of HPV infection in oral leukoplakia. The micro-biopsy appeared to be more reliable than brushing in detecting HPV DNA in oral leukoplakia, but the method invasiveness discourages its employ as a screening tool. The importance of HPV in the etiopathogenesis of oral potentially malignant lesions remains unclear; further studies are needed to establish the HPV role in oral leukoplakia.
Clinical relevance: HPV involvement in oral leukoplakia and an effective and appropriate detecting technique are still a debated issue. From this study, the restricted use of brushing did not appear sufficient to assess the presence of HPV infection with PCR techniques in samples obtained from oral leukoplakia
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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