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    ROLE OF LACTOBACILLUS ACIDOPHILUS IN FERMENTED FEED TO FEED TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF BROILER CHICKEN MEAT (PROTEIN, CHOLESTEROL)

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    The study aimed to evaluate the administration of L acidophilus in fermented feed to improve the quality of broiler chicken meat (Protein, Cholesterol) which was maintained for 35 days. The material used is 100 chickens that are 1 day old (DOC). The experiment used a laboratory experimental method with a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design with a treatment level consisting of feed type Ro = standard feed, R1 = R0 + Fermented corn husk 10%, R2 = R0 + Fermentation of 20% corn husk, R3 = R1 + L acidophilus 2% and R4 = R2 + L acidophilus 2%. Each treatment was repeated 4 times and each replication contained 5 chickens. The results of analysis of variance showed that administration of    L acidophilus in fermented feed significantly affected the increase in protein (R1) and decreased cholesterol (R3) with an alpha level of 5%. The average protein content R1 = 21.8000 was not significantly different from R4 = 21.5500, while R2 = 21.0500 was significantly different from R3 = 20.6500 and R0 = 20.2000. The lowest average cholesterol level is found in R3 = 64,000 and the highest at R0 = 96,500. While the cholesterol levels R1, R2, R3 and R4 were not significantly different, but were significantly different from R0

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    VIABILITAS LACTOBACILLUS ACIDOPHILUS DALAM PAKAN AYAM BROILER UNTUK MENGHAMBAT PENYAKIT PULLORUM

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    Penyakit pullorum dikenal dengan nama berak kapur atau berak putih (Bacilary white Diarrchae) yang banyak menimbulkan kerugian bagi peternak, oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui ketahanan (viabilitas) L acidophilus dalam pakan ayam broiler untuk menghambat penyakit pullorum. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan eksperimental laboratorium, persamaan kuadratik dan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 1 faktorial dengan pola perlakuan konsentrasi L acidophilus dari 106-109 . Pertumbuhan terbaik dari L acidophilus yaitu yang berumur 12 jam digunakan untuk menghambat Salmonella pullorum,sedangkan pertumbuhan S pullorum yang dapat menginfeksi ayam yaitu pada umur 15 jam.Konsentrasi L acidophilus yang dapat menghambat S pullorum secara in vitro yaitu 107, LD50 Salmonella pullorum in vivo ayam broiler pada 108. Viabilitas (ketahanan) L acidophilus dalam pakan bisa bertahan hidup di atas 35 hari

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    VIABILITAS LACTOBACILLUS ACIDOPHILUS DALAM PAKAN AYAM BROILER UNTUK MENGHAMBAT PENYAKIT PULLORUM

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    Penyakit pullorum dikenal dengan nama berak kapur atau berak putih (Bacilary white Diarrchae)yang banyak menimbulkan kerugian bagi peternak, oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian dengantujuan untuk mengetahui ketahanan (viabilitas) L acidophilus dalam pakan ayam broiler untukmenghambat penyakit pullorum. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan eksperimentallaboratorium, persamaan kuadratik dan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 1 faktorial dengan polaperlakuan konsentrasi L acidophilus dari 106-109 . Pertumbuhan terbaik dari L acidophilus yaituyang berumur 12 jam digunakan untuk menghambat Salmonella pullorum,sedangkanpertumbuhan S pullorum yang dapat menginfeksi ayam yaitu pada umur 15 jam.KonsentrasiL acidophilus yang dapat menghambat S pullorum secara in vitro yaitu 107, LD50 Salmonellapullorum in vivo ayam broiler pada 108. Viabilitas (ketahanan) L acidophilus dalam pakan bisabertahan hidup di atas 35 hari

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods

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    Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan Pakan Ternak Probiotik di Desa Mekarlaksana Kecamatan Cikancung Kabupaten Bandung

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    Community independent chicken farmers in the village Mekarlaksana, District Cikancung Bandung regency, do not know the chicken feed probiotics therefore the purpose of this service is to empower boiler chicken farmers use chicken feed probiotics. During this time broiler breeders using chicken feed in the market / store. On this occasion we Team Community Agricultural High School (STP) of West Java is appropriate to provide empowerment chicken feed probiotics by: 1). Counseling, 2) training, 3) Guidance and Development, 4) Assisting the procurement of feed ingredients and 5) Discussion and consultation
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