1,720,967 research outputs found
The Clinical Oral Health Status Studies of Individuals with Intellectual Disability and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Indonesia: Mixed-method Research
No full text[[abstract]]Both individuals with intellectual disability and Autism disorder have cognitive defects.The lack of normal cognitive function makes them unable to brush their teeth properly.Therefore, they have poor oral hygiene such as caries, periodontal disease and as a consequenceof high dental treatment needs.We conducted three research topics in the dissertation project. The first was carried out asystematic review and meta-analysis of the worldwide literature regarding the differences in oralhealth status between children with intellectual disability and healthy children. The second wasexamined the oral health status, dental treatment needs and tooth brushing behavior amongchildren with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders. The third was explored theinfluencing factors of tooth brushing behavior by qualitative research methods, and therecommended strategies to improve oral health status among individuals with intellectualdisability and autism spectrum disorders.The systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to PRISMA rule andmeta-analysis using RevMan software. The clinical oral health status investigated in 65 subjectswith intellectual disability who live in the institution of West Sumatra, and 114 people withautism spectrum disorders who attend community-based school. The clinical oral examinationrecorded by Decay Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT), Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHIS),the Community Periodontal Index and Treatment Needs (CPITN), and Angle’s MalocclusionClassification according to 2013 WHO standard. We interviewed the caregivers/ parents andinvestigated the question behind the oral health status by qualitative research method andverified the recommendable strategies for improving oral health status among them.Individual with special needs care had higher levels of caries index, dental plaque, worsegingival status, and malocclusion. These findings were supported by qualitative analysis. The meta-analysis suggested that children with special needs care and ASD subgroup had fewerdecayed and filled permanent teeth, but children with ID subgroup had higher decayed and filledpermanent teeth (p<0.0001).The clinical oral assessments showed the majority of the IID subjects have goodtoothbrushing behavior (poor quality brushing skill), high dental treatment needs, poor oralhygiene, most malocclusion were class II Angle’s classification, several participants hadbleeding on probing (BOP), calculus and high caries rates with mean DMFT values were 5.17 ±3.31. Multivariate analysis showed caries status among IID subjects were 91.3% influenced bythe direct effect of oral health conditions, the indirect effect of personal characteristics andtoothbrushing.The clinical oral investigation indicated the majority of ASD groups were goodtoothbrushing behavior (brushing not properly), high dental treatment needs, worse oralhygiene, most individuals with ASD had normal occlusion, lower periodontal conditions withcalculus and periodontal pocket 4-5mm and DMFT index mean was 4.08 ± 2.99. The SEManalysis showed caries status among ASD participants were 77.6% influenced by the directeffect of oral health conditions, the indirect effect of personal characteristics and toothbrushing.Overall, the lower oral health status among individuals with special needs due tomultifactorial such as the personal characteristics (severity of disorder), oral/hand motoriclimitation, the lack of attention (hard to focus), behavior problems (particularly aggressivebehavior among ASD children), 1:13 imbalance ratio of caregivers and children (especially inIID group), oral biological factors, dietary intake, oral health parents/caregivers awareness, oralhealth education of parents/caregivers, financial problems and dentist roles (admissionprocedures and patience).The government and related professionals are expected to more care through oral healtheducation and practice program for individuals with special needs sustainably. Additionally, the existence of special needs dentist specialty in Indonesia very needed[[abstract]]Both individuals with intellectual disability and Autism disorder have cognitive defects.The lack of normal cognitive function makes them unable to brush their teeth properly.Therefore, they have poor oral hygiene such as caries, periodontal disease and as a consequenceof high dental treatment needs.We conducted three research topics in the dissertation project. The first was carried out asystematic review and meta-analysis of the worldwide literature regarding the differences in oralhealth status between children with intellectual disability and healthy children. The second wasexamined the oral health status, dental treatment needs and tooth brushing behavior amongchildren with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders. The third was explored theinfluencing factors of tooth brushing behavior by qualitative research methods, and therecommended strategies to improve oral health status among individuals with intellectualdisability and autism spectrum disorders.The systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to PRISMA rule andmeta-analysis using RevMan software. The clinical oral health status investigated in 65 subjectswith intellectual disability who live in the institution of West Sumatra, and 114 people withautism spectrum disorders who attend community-based school. The clinical oral examinationrecorded by Decay Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT), Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHIS),the Community Periodontal Index and Treatment Needs (CPITN), and Angle’s MalocclusionClassification according to 2013 WHO standard. We interviewed the caregivers/ parents andinvestigated the question behind the oral health status by qualitative research method andverified the recommendable strategies for improving oral health status among them.Individual with special needs care had higher levels of caries index, dental plaque, worsegingival status, and malocclusion. These findings were supported by qualitative analysis. The meta-analysis suggested that children with special needs care and ASD subgroup had fewerdecayed and filled permanent teeth, but children with ID subgroup had higher decayed and filledpermanent teeth (p<0.0001).The clinical oral assessments showed the majority of the IID subjects have goodtoothbrushing behavior (poor quality brushing skill), high dental treatment needs, poor oralhygiene, most malocclusion were class II Angle’s classification, several participants hadbleeding on probing (BOP), calculus and high caries rates with mean DMFT values were 5.17 ±3.31. Multivariate analysis showed caries status among IID subjects were 91.3% influenced bythe direct effect of oral health conditions, the indirect effect of personal characteristics andtoothbrushing.The clinical oral investigation indicated the majority of ASD groups were goodtoothbrushing behavior (brushing not properly), high dental treatment needs, worse oralhygiene, most individuals with ASD had normal occlusion, lower periodontal conditions withcalculus and periodontal pocket 4-5mm and DMFT index mean was 4.08 ± 2.99. The SEManalysis showed caries status among ASD participants were 77.6% influenced by the directeffect of oral health conditions, the indirect effect of personal characteristics and toothbrushing.Overall, the lower oral health status among individuals with special needs due tomultifactorial such as the personal characteristics (severity of disorder), oral/hand motoriclimitation, the lack of attention (hard to focus), behavior problems (particularly aggressivebehavior among ASD children), 1:13 imbalance ratio of caregivers and children (especially inIID group), oral biological factors, dietary intake, oral health parents/caregivers awareness, oralhealth education of parents/caregivers, financial problems and dentist roles (admissionprocedures and patience).The government and related professionals are expected to more care through oral healtheducation and practice program for individuals with special needs sustainably. Additionally, the existence of special needs dentist specialty in Indonesia very neede
Autism Spectrum Disorder and Oral Healthcare: A Qualitative Study of Parents’ Perspectives in Padang City, Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: Children with autism spectrum disorder, particularly those with mental and behavioral impairments, are affected regarding their oral health and impact their quality of life. Furthermore, perceptions of parents are also important in assessing the planning appropriate oral healthcare. The purpose of this study was to explore parent’s perspectives regarding barriers oral healthcare, tooth brushing behavior and the recommendation strategies to improve oral health status among individual with ASD in Padang city, Indonesia.Method: A purposive sample of six parents in public autism care centre in Padang city participated in focus groups addressing barriers maintain oral healthcare. Focus groups were transcribed and coded using qualitative content analysis. Primary themes included barriers oral healthcare, toothbrushing behavior and recommendations to improve oral healthcare. Content analysis was performed using NVivo software.Result: Parents noted barriers conducted oral hygiene such as drooling, tongue thrust and hard to focus relatively. Mothers noted general improvements in awareness of control diet and have used several media to help their children understand how to brush their teeth properly. Knowledge gaps included until when parents should help children brush their teeth and special oral healthcare. They expect that in the future, the government more attention to oral health of individuals with special needs. The role of the general dentist is crucial, and they expect the dentist to be more patient when caring with patients with special needs.Conclusion: Our findings indicate a need for comprehensive educational intervention and improved communication from policy maker, dentist, public health and prevention leaders in oral health care and dental hygienists to increase oral healthcare knowledge and practice of parents with ASD to better quality of lif
Caries status and associated factors in children with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Full text linkChildren with intellectual disabilities (IDs) have incapacitated on daily life activities, chewing or swallowing problems, drooling saliva and other factors influence poor oral hygiene. The study aimed to explore scientific literatures related caries status and factor associated in children with IDs. This comparative study was a systematic review and meta-analysis regarding the caries status between children with IDs and control group. The study was conducted on five data bases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Wiley Online and Cochrane Library published from January 2004 to 15 January 2020. The reliability of the selection of the papers was very high (Kappa = 0.91). Review Manager (RevMan 5.3.3) was used for meta-analysis with p-value < 0.05. The initial search yielded 2337 articles. Twenty-four studies included in qualitative synthesis demonstrated several factors affected caries in IDs children consisted of parental awareness, severity of disorder, dietary intake, oral biology factor, medication use, dental professional acceptance and financial barrier. Thirteen studies included in quantitative synthesis showed the caries in children with intellectual disability was higher than normal children (p < 0.001). Children with IDs showed higher caries rates than general children. The findings suggest children with IDs support are necessary from their parents/caregivers, dental professional and policy maker to improve oral health promotion and prevention
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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