1,721,013 research outputs found
Ljungan virus: trovato per la prima volta in Italia in Provincia di Sondrio, nell'arvicola rossastra e nel topo selvatico.
Get PDFIl virus Ljungan (LV; un picornavirus) è stato isolato per la prima volta nel 1998 in Svezia dall'arvicola rossatra (Myodes glareolus). LV causa sintomi simili a quelli della diabete del tipo 1 in questa specie, nonché sintomi di diabete del tipo 2 e malformazioni fetali nel topo domestico (Mus musculus) di laboratorio. In seguito, LV è stato trovato in altre specie di piccoli mammiferi, come il lemming (Lemmus lemmus) e il ratto di laboratorio (Rattus spp.), in Europa e nei Stati Uniti. È anche stato notato che l'ondata del diabete del tipo 1, della miocardite e della sindrome Guillain-Barré nell'uomo in Svezia, è correlata con quella della dinamica ciclica delle arvicole. Inoltre, LV è stato recentemente associato con altre patologie nell'uomo. Quindi, è stato ipotizzato che i piccoli roditori potrebbero essere i reservoir e/o vettori di LV, e che LV è un nuovo zoonosi, agente di alcuni malattie umane. Di conseguenza, la ricerca di base su questo virus è focalizzata sulla documentazione della distribuzione di LV nelle specie animali domestiche e selvatiche per capire meglio il suo ruolo zoonotico e ecologico. Inoltre, studi della variazione genetica del virus potrebbero portare dati importanti per un eventuale sviluppo di un vaccino. Questo contributo presenta un riassunto della conoscenza attuale dell'ecopatologia di questo virus, e i risultati della prima indagine in Italia. Utilizzando Real-Time RT PCR, la presenza di LV è stata confermata nell’arvicola rossastra e nel topo selvatico (Apodemus flavicollis) raccolti in Provincia di Sondrio. Questa è la prima volta che LV è stato notato in Italia, e la prima volta nel topo selvatico, allargando la distribuzione geografica ed ecologica del virus. Noi riteniamo che LV meriti di essere incluso nella lista dei rodent-borne virus emergenti importanti in Italia. Questa ricerca fa parte di una linea di ricerca sugli zoonosi rodent-borne e arthropod-borne seguita del Dipartimento BEM della Fondazione Mach
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Ljungan virus a candidate virus in association with several human diseases found in bank voles and yellow-necked mice for the first time in northern Italy
Get PDFThe Ljungan (picorna) virus (LV) was first isolated in 1998 from Swedish bank voles (Myodes glareolus) after clinically recognizable type-1 diabetes-like symptoms were noted in this species in Denmark. LV has subsequently been shown to induce type-2-like diabetes, as well as uterine resorptions, malformations, and neonatal death in CD-1 laboratory house mice, and has been found in wild voles in the USA, as well as in lemmings and laboratory rats. Intriguingly, the incidence of type-1 diabetes, Guillain-Barré syndrome and myocarditis in the human population is correlated with rodent population cycles in Sweden. In addition, LV has been associated with intrauterine fetal death in Sweden, and a preliminary study showed that children newly diagnosed with type-1 diabetes have significantly increased levels of LV antibodies compared to controls. It has been hypothesized that the bank vole as well as other small rodents could act as reservoirs and/or vectors of LV that may be a zoonotic agent several human diseases or pathologies, including economically important type-1 diabetes. Consequently, knowledge of the distribution LV among wild and domestic mammal species is crucial to assess its potential importance as a human pathogen, identify possible zoonotic sources of the virus and lay groundwork for possible vaccine development. Here we provide a review of the current understanding of the ecopathology of LV and present the first results from southern Europe. Using Real Time RT PCR, LV was confirmed in 50% (10/20) of bank voles and in 10% (2/20) of yellow-necked mice (Apodemus flavicollis) collected from an alpine meadow in northern Italy during 2006. LV-positive animals included males and females, adults and subadults. This is the first time LV has been reported in Italy and in yellow-necked mice. These results significantly increase the geographical and species range of LV. We believe the global distribution of this picornavirus, and its role as a zoonotic agent, deserve further attention
Ljungan virus detected in bank voles (Myodes glareolus) and yellow-necked mice (Apodemus flavicollis) from Northern Italy
No full textIdentified in 1998, Ljungan virus (LV; Picornaviridae) causes type 1 diabetes-like symptoms and myocarditis in bank voles (Myodes glareolus) from Sweden and Denmark, and may be a zoonotic agent of several important diseases (e.g., intrauterine fetal death, type 1 diabetes, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and myocarditis). Using a real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay and sequence analysis, we detected LV in bank voles, and for the first time, in yellow-necked mice (Apodemus flavicollis) collected during 2006 from a site in northern Italy. The global distribution of LV and its role as a mammalian pathogen deserve further attentio
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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