106 research outputs found
Online Social Networks and Police in India—Understanding the Perceptions, Behavior, Challenges
No full textSafety is a concern for most urban communities; police departments bear the majority of responsibility to maintain law and order and prevent crime. Police agencies across the globe are increasingly using Online Social Network (OSN) (such as Facebook and Twitter) to acquire intelligence and connect with citizens. Developing nations like India are however, still exploring OSN for policing. We interviewed 20 IPS officers and 21 citizens to understand perceptions, and explored challenges experienced while using OSN for policing. Interview analysis, highlights how citizens and police think about information shared on OSN, handling offensive comments, and acknowledgment overload, as they pursue social and safety goals. We found that success of OSN for policing demands effective communication between the stakeholders (citizens and police). Our study shows that OSN offers community-policing opportunities, enabling police to identify crime with the help of citizens. It can reduce the communication gap and improve coordination between police and citizens. We also discuss design opportunities for tools to support social interactions between stakeholders
The Cyclicality of IFC Investments: To be, or not to be, Procyclical
No full textThis paper presents empirical evidence
on the cyclicality of investments made by the International
Finance Corporation over the past 20 years and explores
their implications for the International Finance
Corporation’s investment strategy in the aftermath of the
COVID-19 pandemic. An Independent Evaluation Group report on
World Bank Group operations during the global financial
crisis found that the International Finance Corporation’s
role was “neutral to procyclical,” as it “did not increase
investments in response to the crisis.” This study provides
a more detailed assessment of the cyclical patterns of
International Finance Corporation investment activity by
using a longer time horizon of assessment rather than a
specific point-in-time-episode, differentiating original
commitments from disbursements, and disaggregating
investments across regions and industries. The results of
the study confirm that International Finance Corporation
investment activity was overall procyclical during 2000–19,
but this general pattern masks differences over time and
across regions and industries. The paper also examines the
relation between the cyclical patterns of International
Finance Corporation investment activity and its financial
performance. The results suggest that the procyclicality is
linked with sounder asset quality (measured by nonperforming
loan ratios) and higher profitability (measured by
risk-adjusted return on capital), underscoring that prudent
portfolio risk management and profit seeking strategies have
coexisted with International Finance Corporation investment
procyclicality. The procyclicality of International Finance
Corporation operations is consistent with its institutional
mandate of supporting private sector investment, which is
usually procyclical, and the need to maintain an AAA credit
rating. Nevertheless, the facts that commitments became less
procyclical after the 2008 crisis and the cyclicality of
investments varies across regions and industries suggest
that there is scope for easing procyclicality without
jeopardizing the International Finance Corporation’s
financial sustainability. In this context, the International
Finance Corporation’s COVID-19 Fast-Track Facility is a case
in point for easing investment procyclicality. Moreover,
from a medium-term perspective, a less procyclical
investment strategy may be more in line with the
International Finance Corporation’s 3.0 and Upstream
initiatives, which aim at building pipelines of sound
projects and prioritizing returns through long-term risk
premia and, hence, are undeterred by short-term cyclical volatility
Development of the Supreme Court Aura: The Impact of Media Framing on Intergenerational Support for the Supreme Court
No full text46 pages. Presented to the School of Journalism and Communication and the Robert D. Clark Honors College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science June 2018The Supreme Court does not have a traditional public relations office, nor does it seek out media coverage to discuss its work. The mysterious aura of the Supreme Court leaves the media to interpret and uncover the legally complex decisions of the Court. This study examines how media framing, specifically legal and political framing, of the Supreme Court influences support for the Court among Generation X and Millennials. The results show an absence of any influence from framing and generation on the level of diffuse and specific support for the Court, suggesting that the public is not influenced by the political nature of the Court. Interestingly, the results showed that after reading the article, Millennials trust for the Supreme Court increased and Generation X’s trust decreased – legitimizing core public relations research done for the 2016 Edelman Trust Barometer
Metal Organic Frameworks for Gas-phase Capacitive Sensing
No full textOLD ChemE/Organic Materials and Interface
- …
