1,720,960 research outputs found
GIS-Based multi-criteria land suitability mapping for scaling faba bean varieties in Ethiopia
No full textSuccessful scaling of agricultural technology requires a spatial explicit framework for targeting the right variety at the right place. This entails a multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) approach, using a set of determining factors to delineate the scaling domains for faba bean (Vicia faba L.) varieties in and identify potentially suitable land area in a specific region, and zone in Ethiopia. Meeting this challenge will require a solid spatial framework. Land suitability analysis is an evaluation and spatial decision making, involving several determining factors. The factors considered in this analysis include key biophysical parameters such as climate, topography, soil types and properties. The analysis was also focused on improved faba bean varieties viz., Dagm, Dosha, Gabelcho, Gora, Hachalu, Moti and Walki. The environmental factors’ layers of a specific crop pixel values were classified and given a weight, and then compared among themselves for further ranking to account for their relative importance to delineate variety specific extrapolation domains. The geo-statistical analysis was carried out to estimate the extent of the scalable areas. The classification showed that, it was highly suitable for varieties 0.02 million hectares for Dosha; 0.19 for Gabelcho; 0.11 for Gora; 0.33 for Moti; 0.05 for Dagm; 0.14 for Hachalu; and 0.26 million hectares for Walki. Moderately suitable areas for these varieties covered 5.0, 9.4, 7.2, 15.3, 4.6, 8.8, and 7.5 million hectares, respectively across the country. The largest proportion for all varieties was moderately suitable; while the share of slightly suitable was very low, although there was quite variability within each of the faba bean variety in terms of its agro-ecology adaptation to the target environments. Such biophysical spatial frameworks become essential entry points for introducing variety specific product profiles and this can be further enhanced by incorporating socioeconomic attributes accounting for return of the investment in targeting the technology
Land Suitability Mapping for Production of Chickpea, Faba Bean and Malt Barley Varieties in Ethiopia
No full textEthiopia's agriculture has been facing recurrent challenges and the country remains food insecure due to its ever-increasing population and chronically low agricultural productivity despite its high biophysical potential. The situation is exacerbated by inappropriate use of agricultural land leading to land degradation, as well as recurrent droughts superimposed by climate variability and change. These challenges require the potential and the constraints of agricultural land to be properly identified for appropriate decision-making for land use planning and sustainable farming.
Different land areas have varying potential and constraints for appropriate and sustainable agricultural use. Information on the potential and constraints of the land will help to identify and develop appropriate technology to target location specific interventions. For crop technology targeting and scaling, the potential of the different areas need to be properly identified and mapped for better crops and crop varieties. Land suitability analysis work enables identification of where and how much potentially suitable land for a crop and crop variety exists in a specific location or in the country at large. It is, therefore, very important to identify and map the extent and distribution of land area that is potentially suitable for a specific crop and crop variety. Cognizant of these facts, the land suitability mapping for selected varieties of chickpea, faba bean and malt barley was initiated to analyze and delineate the land suitability in Ethiopia.
Land suitability analysis is an evaluation and decision-making process involving several biophysical (soils, topography and climatic) factors. Accordingly, the main factors considered in this analysis include climate layers (rainfall and temperature during the growing period and length of growing period-LGP), topography (digital elevation models. i.e. altitude and slope data), soil types and soil properties (pH, depth, texture, and drainage). For classification of the data layers according to the degree of favorability for each variety, existing maps, reports, and other relevant information were reviewed and used in defining the limits of the suitability ranges of the crop varieties. Then, environmental requirements of varieties were defined by means of a set of critical values, which determine the limits between the land suitability levels (classes). The suitability classes were set as S1 (very suitable), S2 (moderately suitable), and S3 (marginally suitable) and N (unsuitable).
The biophysical criteria for specific crops and crop varieties were assigned at pixel level in each layer to reclassify layers for weighted rates. Following this process, each layer was compared among themselves and ranked. The suitability criteria layers were assigned weights to account for their relative importance. The analytic hierarchy process, which relies on pairwise comparison, was used to calculate the weights for the different criteria. The pairwise comparisons scales were assigned through discussion with biophysical experts. The overall suitability is computed by multiplying the selected criteria weight by the assigned sub-criteria score and summing these values in the spatial modeling in the ArcGIS domain (ESRI GIS package). Lands occupied by forests, woodlands and towns (except Addis Ababa, Dire Dawa and Harari) are not excluded in this analysis. Moreover, this work focused only on rainfed areas of the country.
The analysis results show the extent and patterns of the suitable land area available for selected crop varieties of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), faba bean (Vicia faba L.), and malt barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). The results are presented in the form of tabular data, maps and graphs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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