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    On the necessity of new ramification breaks

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    AbstractRamification invariants are necessary, but not in general sufficient, to determine the Galois module structure of ideals in local number field extensions. This insufficiency is associated with elementary abelian extensions, where one can define a refined ramification filtration—one with more ramification breaks [Nigel P. Byott, G. Griffith Elder, New ramification breaks and additive Galois structure, J. Théor. Nombres Bordeaux 17 (1) (2005) 87–107]. The first refined break number comes from the usual ramification filtration and is therefore necessary. Here we study the second refined break number

    Local Galois module structure and Hopf orders

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    Solubility criteria for Hopf-Galois structures

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    Let L/KL/K be a finite Galois extension of fields with group Γ\Gamma. Associated to each Hopf-Galois structure on L/KL/K is a group GG of the same order as the Galois group Γ\Gamma. The {\em type} of the Hopf-Galois structure is by definition the isomorphism type of GG. We investigate the extent to which general properties of either of the groups Γ\Gamma and GG constrain those of the other. Specifically, we show that if GG is nilpotent then Γ\Gamma is soluble, and that if Γ\Gamma is abelian then GG is soluble. In contrast to these results, we give some examples where the groups Γ\Gamma and GG have different composition factors. In particular, we show that a soluble extension may admit a Hopf-Galois structure of insoluble type

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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