47 research outputs found
Analyse descriptive multi-échelle de la structure d'un paysage Application à la mosaïque d'occupation du sol d'un territoire agricole dans le bocage breton
No full textEvaluation of the diversity of open-pollinated varieties of maize cultivated under contrasted environmental and farmer selection pressures: a phenotypical approach
No full textOPVs (open pollinated varieties) of cross pollinated crops are genetically heterogeneous and therefore likely to evolve over generations, under natural and human selection, which gives them a strong potential for organic and low input farming. OPVs of maize were cultivated and selected by different farmers in France and Italy for 2 generations. The third year, the y were phenotypically evaluated for evolution, adaptation and level of diversity (estimated with Nei index) across evolution in a combined on farm and on station experimentation. The results showed that the varietiesevolved and even adapted over 2 generations only (especially on maturity traits) but conserved their identity (no evolution of ear morphological traits). They all conserved their diversity, which demonstrated the pertinence of farmers’ selection (it is not a bottleneck). These results suggested that the genetically heterogeneous nature of OPVs is an asset for farmers because they can adapt these varieties to specific local conditions and production objectives. Therefore, farmer OPVs should receive more support through social and regulatory recognition, as well as further interest from research
Phenotypic changes in different spinach varieties grown and selected under organic conditions
No full textOrganic and low-input agriculture needs flexible varieties that can buffer environmental stress and adapt to the needs of farmers. We implemented an experiment to investigate the evolutionary capacities of a sample of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) population varieties for a number of phenotypic traits. Three farmers cultivated, selected and multiplied one or several populations over two years on their farms. The third year, the versions of the varieties cultivated and selected by the different farmers were compared to the original seed lots they had been given. After two cycles of cultivation and on-farm mass selection, all the observed varieties showed significant phenotypic changes (differences between the original version and the version cultivated by farmers) for morphological and phenological traits. When the divergence among versions within varieties was studied, the results show that the varieties conserved their identity, except for one variety, which evolved in such a way that it may now be considered two different varieties. The heterogeneity of the population varieties was assessed in comparison with a commercial F1 hybrid used as control, and we found no specific differences in phenotypic diversity between the hybrid and population varieties. The phenotypic changes shown by the population varieties in response to on-farm cultivation and selection could be useful for the development of specific adaptation. These results call into question the current European seed legislation and the requirements of phenotypic stability for conservation varietie
Pays Blé : Résultats de la première année d’expérimentations agronomiques
No full textNational audienc
A regional network for experimenting, maintaining and developing the agrobiodiversity of local landraces of bread wheat for Organic Agriculture with a participative methodology
No full textNational audienceIn Brittany (and around), some organic farmers and citizens are organized inside an association (Triptolème) for several years with the objectives of (i) linking up farmers, bakers, researchers and citizens on common projects ; (ii) sharing knowledge and know-how (by technical meetings and trainings) ; (iii) exchange seeds and discussing seed houses. They look for varieties adapted to their agricultural systems and markets. They have developed projects in order to increase biodiversity and its uses. To reach this goal, scientists and practitioners have built participatory research projects, as PaysBlé. This project will explore diversity at different levels from grain to bread (diversity of varieties, soils and soil management, leavens, flours, breads, breeding practices, baking practices…) and will try to link them. The project is a 3,5 years program funded by the “Bretagne”. It started in March 2009 and will end in September 2012
A Tale of CI Build Failures: An Open Source and a Financial Organization Perspective
No full textContinuous Integration (CI) and Continuous Delivery (CD) are widespread in both industrial and open-source software (OSS) projects. Recent research characterized build failures in CI and identified factors potentially correlated to them. However, most observations and findings of previous work are exclusively based on OSS projects or data from a single industrial organization. This paper provides a first attempt to compare the CI processes and occurrences of build failures in 349 Java OSS projects and 418 projects from a financial organization, ING Nederland. Through the analysis of 34,182 failing builds (26% of the total number of observed builds), we derived a taxonomy of failures that affect the observed CI processes. Using cluster analysis, we observed that in some cases OSS and ING projects share similar build failure patterns (e.g., few compilation failures as compared to frequent testing failures), while in other cases completely different patterns emerge. In short, we explain how OSS and ING CI processes exhibit commonalities, yet are substantially different in their design and in the failures they report.Accepted Author ManuscriptSoftware Engineerin
Preliminary analyses of microdensitometric data collected on a 19-year-old Douglas-fir open-pollinated progeny test, replicated in 2 sites
No full textHeight growth of 17 Douglas fir open pollinated progenies between ages 7 and 26. Rapport final pour le projet de l'Union Européenne "Forest planning and management tools". Task 1 : Growth models. Subtask : Douglas fir
No full text7 ref. *INRA, Documentation, Orléans Diffusion du document : INRA, Documentation, OrléansInternational audienc
