1,720,964 research outputs found
On the question of subordination or coordination in V2-relatives in German
Full text linkIn recent years, relative clauses with Verb Second (V2) have received a lot of attention. This is\ud
due to their peculiar syntactic and semantic properties. On the one hand, the content of the relative\ud
clause is asserted, indicating – given certain theoretical assumptions further addressed\ud
below – its non-subordinated status, on the other hand, they allow for a restrictive interpretation,\ud
indicating its subordinated status, since the restrictive reading under standard assumptions\ud
requires that the relative clause is interpreted within the DP heading it.\ud
Moreover, V2 has been argued to be a root phenomenon and clauses containing V2 should\ud
thus display root-like properties. One important property of root clauses is that they – contrary\ud
to regular embedded clauses – can represent different types of speech acts: assertions, questions,\ud
commands and so on. It thus comes as little surprise that the best analysis of V2-\ud
relatives on the market, namely that by Gärtner (2001, 2002), posits an analysis in which two\ud
(main) clauses are coordinated, explaining the presence of V2 in the relative clause and relating\ud
it to the proto-assertional force of the relative. This syntactic analysis renders the semantic\ud
interpretation of V2-relatives a rather complex issue, since the content of the relative clause\ud
must be integrated into the interpretation of the DP heading it during the computation of the\ud
matrix clause to derive the correct restrictive interpretation.\ud
We propose an alternative account that assumes that V2-relatives are regular subordinated\ud
relative clauses that due to the specific property of embedded V2 need to be extraposed and\ud
are interpreted in a high-adjoined position in the matrix clause. The restrictive interpretation of\ud
the relative clause will be argued to be derived from a matching analysis of relative clauses in\ud
which (weak) quantifiers contained in the head NP are interpreted in the embedded clause\ud
whose interpretational properties follow from the information structural properties of the main\ud
clause and the specific contribution of V2 in the relative clause
Language change at the interfaces: intrasentential and intersentential phenomena Linguistik aktuell ;, Bd. 275./ edited by Nicholas Catasso, Marco Coniglio, Chiara De Bastiani.
No full textIncludes bibliographical references and index."This volume offers an up-to-date survey of linguistic phenomena at the interfaces between syntax and prosody, information structure and discourse - with a special focus on Germanic and Romance - and their role in language change. The contributions, set within the generative framework, discuss original data and provide new insights into the diachronic development of long-burning issues such as negation, word order, quantifiers, null subjects, aspectuality, the structure of the left periphery, and extraposition. The first part of the volume explores interface phenomena at the intrasentential level, in which only clause-internal factors seem to play a significant role in determining diachronic change. The second part examines developments at the intersentential level involving a rearrangement of categories between at least two clausal domains. The book will be of interest for scholars and students interested in generative accounts of language change phenomena at the interfaces, as well as for theoretical linguists in general"--Interface phenomena and language change: where we are and where we are going / Nicholas Catasso, Marco Coniglio and Chiara De Bastiani -- Interface phenomena at the intrasentential level. Information structure and Jespersen's cycle: the dialects of Veneto as a window on processes of language change / Giuseppe Magistro, Claudia Crocco and Anne Breitbarth -- The object position in Old Norwegian: an interplay between syntax, prosody, and information structure / Juliane Tiemann -- Bare quantifiers and Verb Second: the view from Old Italian / Silvia Rossi and Cecilia Poletto -- On the role of information structure in the licensing of null subjects in Old High German: an analysis of null subjects in inti coordinated clauses in the Old High German Diatessaron / Federica Cognola -- Interface phenomena at the intersentential level. Gehen as a new auxiliary in German / Katharina Paul, Maik Thalmann, Markus Steinbach and Marco Coniglio -- Discourse-driven asymmetries between embedded interrogatives and relative clauses in West Germanic / Julia Bacskai-Atkari -- Discourse relations and the German prefield / Augustin Speyer -- Informational aspects of the extraposition of relative clauses / Sophia Voigtmann.1 online resource
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Encoding Nonbinary Reference in Syntax: The German Neo-Pronoun xier and Socially Driven Language Change
No full textThis paper investigates the morphosyntactic and semanto-pragmatic behavior of the German neo-pronoun xier, a gender-neutral form used to refer to nonbinary individuals. Framed within the Minimalist Program, the analysis explores how xier carries a gender feature that encodes nonbinary identity—not through binary morphological marking, but via presupposition. The use of xier triggers a presupposition about the referent’s identity: that they are nonbinary. This gender feature is not absent, void or underspecified, but interpretively rich and categorically distinct. The analysis thus rejects any account treating xier as lacking gender. Instead, it argues that xier exemplifies a grammatical strategy of encoding gender beyond the binary, through formal structures that engage the interpretive system directly. The paper further argues that xier’s morphosyntactic profile—including its compatibility with standard agreement morphology—shows that nonbinary gender can be syntactically represented and participate fully in φ-feature interactions. Drawing on cross-linguistic comparisons (e.g., English they and the Italian adaptation ze), the study shows how presuppositional gender encoding supports stable φ-Agree, interface-compatible labeling without requiring binary valuation. The proposal refines the architecture of φ-features by allowing for interpretively active gender categories that are formally encoded even when they do not match traditional binary specifications. This account offers a model for how minimalist syntax can accommodate socially driven innovations without abandoning core theoretical principles. Xier, in this light, demonstrates that grammatical systems can expand to encode emerging reference categories—not by omitting gender, but by formally encoding nonbinary gender via presupposition. This study is the first to offer a formal syntactic account of a German neo-pronoun, linking socially driven innovation to core φ-feature operations like Agree and valuation
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Language Change at the interfaces. Intrasentential and intersentential phenomena
No full textThis volume offers an up-to-date survey of linguistic phenomena at the interfaces between syntax and prosody, information structure and discourse – with a special focus on Germanic and Romance – and their role in language change. The contributions, set within the generative framework, discuss original data and provide new insights into the diachronic development of long-burning issues such as negation, word order, quantifiers, null subjects, aspectuality, the structure of the left periphery, and extraposition.
The first part of the volume explores interface phenomena at the intrasentential level, in which only clause-internal factors seem to play a significant role in determining diachronic change. The second part examines developments at the intersentential level involving a rearrangement of categories between at least two clausal domains.
The book will be of interest for scholars and students interested in generative accounts of language change phenomena at the interfaces, as well as for theoretical linguists in general
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A Cartographic Approach to Verb Movement and Two Types of FinP V2 in German
No full textIn this paper, two syntactic configurations are considered that involve V-to-C movement in present-day German: Verb Second in run-of-the-mill declarative clauses and Verb Second in non-assertive embedded contexts. Along the lines of the cartographic approach and on the basis of syntactic and semantic evidence, it is proposed that in both constructs, the finite verb targets neither Force° nor the head of any other projection hosting a moved constituent in its specifier, but, rather, that it moves into the lowest head in the extended CP layer, namely Fin°. As a result of this, (at least) two types of verb raising to Fin° are to be postulated in this language: one that is triggered by discourse/information structure (V21) and one that results from mechanical movement to C elicited by an otherwise lacking lexicalization of the relevant left-peripheral head (V22)
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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