1,721,365 research outputs found
[Photograph 2012.201.B1351.0264]
No full textPhotograph used for a story in the Oklahoma Times newspaper. Caption: "Shenna Anderson, 11, teachers Gayle Warehime and Sherry Adkinson and Nhung Nguyen, 11, study math.
Quantum Confinement in Epitaxial Armchair Graphene Nanoribbons on SiC Sidewalls
Full text linkThe integration of graphene into devices necessitates large-scale growth and precise nanostructuring. Epitaxial growth of graphene on SiC surfaces offers a solution by enabling both simultaneous and targeted realization of quantum structures. We investigated the impact of local variations in the width and edge termination of armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) on quantum confinement effects using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM, STS), along with density-functional tight-binding (DFTB) calculations. AGNRs were grown as an ensemble on refaceted sidewalls of SiC mesas with adjacent AGNRs separated by SiC(0001) terraces hosting a buffer layer seamlessly connected to the AGNRs. Energy band gaps measured by STS at the centers of ribbons of different widths align with theoretical expectations, indicating that hybridization of π-electrons with the SiC substrate mimics sharp electronic edges. However, regardless of the ribbon width, band gaps near the edges of AGNRs are significantly reduced. DFTB calculations successfully replicate this effect by considering the role of edge passivation, while strain or electric fields do not account for the observed effect. Unlike idealized nanoribbons with uniform hydrogen passivation, AGNRs on SiC sidewalls generate additional energy bands with non-pz character and nonuniform distribution across the nanoribbon. In AGNRs terminated with Si, these additional states occur at the conduction band edge and rapidly decay into the bulk of the ribbon. This agrees with our experimental findings, demonstrating that edge passivation is crucial in determining the local electronic properties of epitaxial nanoribbons
Abstract 1652: Optogenetic immunoengineering to develop improved anti-cancer immunotherapy
No full textAbstract
The application of current channelrhodopsin-based optogenetic tools is limited by the lack of strict ion selectivity and the inability to extend the spectra sensitivity into the near-infrared (NIR) tissue transmissible range. Here we present an NIR-stimulable optogenetic platform (termed “Opto-CRAC”) that selectively and remotely controls Ca2+ oscillations and Ca2+-responsive gene expression to regulate the function of model cellular systems, as well as cells of the immune system. When coupled to upconversion nanoparticles, the optogenetic operation window is shifted from the visible range to NIR wavelengths to enable wireless and remote photoactivation of Ca2+-dependent signaling and optogenetic modulation of immunoinflammatory responses. In a mouse model of melanoma by using ovalbumin as surrogate tumor antigen, Opto-CRAC has been shown to act as a genetically-encoded “photoactivatable adjuvant” to improve antigen-specific immune responses to specifically destruct tumor cells. In addition, we have extended similar engineering approaches to photomanipulate membrane contact sites that play critical roles in controlling lipid metabolism and calcium signaling in cancer cells. Our study represents a solid step forward towards the goal of improving spatial and temporal control of anti-cancer therapy through optogenetic immunoengineering.
Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting.
Citation Format: Lian He, Nhung Nguyen, Gang Han, Yun Huang, Yubin Zhou. Optogenetic immunoengineering to develop improved anti-cancer immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1652. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-1652</jats:p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Foster interaction by the integration of ICT with sociocultural and constructivist learning principles
No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Effects of the in-vivo treatment with the non-selective GPR17 antagonist montelukast on disease outcome in the SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS
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