1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Girls' passivity in the classroom
No full textContext: This study was conducted at a secondary school in Mbouma, Kaolack region, Senegal, where the researcher observed a concerning lack of participation among female students in Grade 4. The passivity of girls in the classroom was attributed to cultural and religious beliefs that discourage female assertiveness in public settings, including the classroom. This issue prompted the researcher to investigate the reasons behind this passivity and to explore strategies to increase female students' engagement in classroom activities.
Aims: The main objective of the study was to understand the reasons behind the low participation of female students in classroom activities and to develop strategies that could encourage them to engage more actively. The study aimed to create a more inclusive classroom environment where both male and female students could participate equally, thereby improving learning outcomes for all.
Methods: The researcher used multiple data collection tools, including a journal to record classroom observations, a questionnaire for 12 female students to gather their opinions on participation, and interviews with colleagues to understand their perspectives. Additionally, classroom observations were conducted by a colleague to evaluate the extent of female participation and to provide external insights into the issue. These methods aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the factors contributing to girls' passivity in the classroom.
Findings: The study found that female students were often passive, preferring to work alone and avoiding group activities. This was due to a lack of confidence and unfamiliarity with collaborative work. The girls rarely volunteered to speak or participate in class discussions. The researcher's colleagues confirmed that this passivity was a long-standing issue, partially due to traditional gender roles. However, after implementing an action plan that included mixed-gender group work and lessons on gender equality, there was a noticeable increase in the girls' participation and confidence.
Implications: The findings suggest that creating an inclusive and supportive classroom environment can significantly improve female students' engagement. Teachers might consider using gender-sensitive topics and collaborative activities to foster a sense of equality and encourage all students to participate. Consistent practice in group settings can help build confidence among female students, allowing them to become more active participants in their learning process
Compte-rendu de la séance du 21 avril 2017 – « Obsolète, désuet, anachronique » (II)
No full textCR-21 avril Obsolète, désuet, anachronique (I) Présents : Mathias Sieffert (Paris III, ED120), Sarah Delale (Paris-Sorbonne, ED1), Maxime Fulconis (Paris-Sorbonne, ED1), Anne Kucab (Paris-Sorbonne, ED1), Florian Besson (Paris-Sorbonne ; ED1), Marie-Christine Payne (Paris III ; ED 120), Anne-Lydie Collet (Université de Genève), Viviane Griveau-Genest (Paris III ; ED 138), Ngom Moussa (Paris-Sorbonne), Jacqueline Victor (Université de Chicago), Catherine Kikuchi (Université Versailles Saint-Que..
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Novel Approach to the Study of Surface Plasmon Resonance and Field Enhancement Properties of Noble Metal Nanostructures.
Get PDFThe excitation of surface plasmon from individual silver nanowires and gold nanorods is investigated by means of high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy in a transmission electron microscope. Both transverse and longitudinal modes of these nanostructures were resolved, confirming the energy variation observed optically via UV-Vis spectroscopy of nanoparticle ensembles. We show the plasmon peak shift variation as different size nanostructures are probed. We compare our experimental results to the analytical description of the energy loss probability for electrons incident on a prolate spheroid. We discuss the relation between the energy loss probability and optic measurements. We also use energy filtered transmission electron microscope imaging to characterize the energy distribution of the surface plasmon of isolated and coupled of gold nanorods. Local field enhancement and spectral shift of the plasmon modes are observed for two interacting nanoparticles. Their spatial modes are shown to have strong similarities to that of electromagnetic fields distribution around gold nanorods induced by optical excitation simulated using the discrete dipole approximation method. As a direct application of the field enhancement properties of gold nanorods, we use a tightly focused high intensity ultrashort laser pulse to produce a very weak third harmonic signal from an air-dielectric interface. We report that by coinciding the fundamental frequency with that of the longitudinal plasmon of the gold nanorods we have enhanced the third harmonic signal by more than 3 orders of magnitude.PhDApplied PhysicsUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/63773/1/mngom_1.pd
Compte-rendu de la séance du 21 avril 2017 – « Obsolète, désuet, anachronique » (II)
No full textCR-21 avril Obsolète, désuet, anachronique (I) Présents : Mathias Sieffert (Paris III, ED120), Sarah Delale (Paris-Sorbonne, ED1), Maxime Fulconis (Paris-Sorbonne, ED1), Anne Kucab (Paris-Sorbonne, ED1), Florian Besson (Paris-Sorbonne ; ED1), Marie-Christine Payne (Paris III ; ED 120), Anne-Lydie Collet (Université de Genève), Viviane Griveau-Genest (Paris III ; ED 138), Ngom Moussa (Paris-Sorbonne), Jacqueline Victor (Université de Chicago), Catherine Kikuchi (Université Versailles Saint-Que..
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