728 research outputs found
Evaluation of Serum L-phenylalanine Concentration as Indicator of Liver Disease in Dogs: A Pilot Study
No full textBecause essential amino acids are metabolized in the liver, liver diseases may impair their catabolism. In this study, serum L-phenylalanine concentrations in 28 dogs with liver diseases were compared with those of 28 healthy dogs and 13 dogs with nonhepatic diseases. Dogs with liver diseases had significantly increased L-phenylalanine serum concentrations compared to healthy dogs (P<0.001) and to those with nonhepatic diseases (P<0.01). There were no significant differences among the L-phenylalanine serum concentrations of dogs with different degrees of liver diseases. The sensitivity and specificity of L-phenylalanine to fasting bile acids were comparable
Ursula Neumann / Heike Niedrig / Joachim Schroeder / Lous Henry Senkwa (Hrsg.): Lernen am Rande der Gesellschaft. Bildungsinstitutionen im Spiegel von Flüchtlingsbiografien. Münster u.a.: Waxmann 2003 (468 S.) [Rezension]
No full textRezension von: Ursula Neumann / Heike Niedrig / Joachim Schroeder / Lous Henry Senkwa (Hrsg.): Lernen am Rande der Gesellschaft. Bildungsinstitutionen im Spiegel von Flüchtlingsbiografien. Münster u.a.: Waxmann 2003 (468 S.; ISBN 3-8309-1279-X; 29,90 EUR)
Nuclear Export of Pre-Ribosomal Subunits Requires Dbp5, but Not as an RNA-Helicase as for mRNA Export.
No full textThe DEAD-box RNA-helicase Dbp5/Rat8 is known for its function in nuclear mRNA export, where it displaces the export receptor Mex67 from the mRNA at the cytoplasmic side of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Here we show that Dbp5 is also required for the nuclear export of both pre-ribosomal subunits. Yeast temperature-sensitive dbp5 mutants accumulate both ribosomal particles in their nuclei. Furthermore, Dbp5 genetically and physically interacts with known ribosomal transport factors such as Nmd3. Similar to mRNA export we show that also for ribosomal transport Dbp5 is required at the cytoplasmic side of the NPC. However, unlike its role in mRNA export, Dbp5 does not seem to undergo its ATPase cycle for this function, as ATPase-deficient dbp5 mutants that selectively inhibit mRNA export do not affect ribosomal transport. Furthermore, mutants of GLE1, the ATPase stimulating factor of Dbp5, show no major ribosomal export defects. Consequently, while Dbp5 uses its ATPase cycle to displace the export receptor Mex67 from the translocated mRNAs, Mex67 remains bound to ribosomal subunits upon transit to the cytoplasm, where it is detectable on translating ribosomes. Therefore, we propose a model, in which Dbp5 supports ribosomal transport by capturing ribosomal subunits upon their cytoplasmic appearance at the NPC, possibly by binding export factors such as Mex67. Thus, our findings reveal that although different ribonucleoparticles, mRNAs and pre-ribosomal subunits, use shared export factors, they utilize different transport mechanisms
Insulin‐like Growth Factor I Concentration in Dogs with Inflammatory and Neoplastic Liver Diseases
No full textLiver diseases are known to influence the serum concentration of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) in humans, but such an effect has rarely been investigated in dogs. The aim of this study was to investigate serum IGF-I concentrations in dogs with primary liver diseases, in comparison with levels in healthy dogs and dogs with non-hepatic diseases. For this purpose, IGF-I serum concentrations were measured (DSL-5600 kit) in 36 dogs with various liver diseases and compared with 22 healthy controls and 20 dogs with non-hepatic diseases. The results showed that dogs with liver diseases had significantly lower IGF-I serum concentrations (P < 0.001) than clinical healthy dogs or dogs with non-hepatic diseases. But the results also indicate that the aetiology of liver disease has no influence on IGF-I serum concentration
A feature-based comparison of local search and the Christofides algorithm for the travelling salesperson problem
No full textUnderstanding the behaviour of well-known algorithms for classical NP-hard optimisation problems is still a difficult task. With this paper, we contribute to this research direction and carry out a feature based comparison of local search and the well-known Christofides approximation algorithm for the Traveling Salesperson Problem. We use an evolutionary algorithm approach to construct easy and hard instances for the Christofides algorithm, where we measure hardness in terms of approximation ratio. Our results point out important features and lead to hard and easy instances for this famous algorithm. Furthermore, our cross-comparison gives new insights on the complementary benefits of the different approaches.Samadhi Nallaperuma, Markus Wagner, Frank Neumann, Bernd Bischl, Olaf Mersmann, Heike Trautmannhttp://www.sigevo.org/foga-2013
Myopathy and alterations in serum 3-methylhistidine in dogs with liver disease
No full textLiver disease can influence the metabolism of various other organs. Regarding the influence of liver diseases on muscles, only a few studies done on people exist. The goal of our study was to investigate the influence of liver diseases on muscles in dogs. Twenty-eight dogs with different liver diseases were investigated in this study. The diagnosis of muscle alteration was based on electromyography (EMG), creatine kinase serum activity, 3-methylhistidine serum concentration and a muscle biopsy in some cases. Our results suggest that liver diseases in dogs can be accompanied with muscle alteration. 3-Methylhistidine serum concentration as a new parameter for muscle destruction in dogs was significantly increased compared to clinical healthy dogs and was comparable to those concentrations in dogs with histologically confirmed myopathy of different types. The differentiation of the liver diseases into severe hepatitis, moderate hepatitis and liver tumours showed a significant elevation of 3-methylhistidine serum concentration in cases of liver tumours (P = 0.03) and a tendency in cases of severe hepatitis (P = 0.07). Based on our study we can conclude that liver diseases have an influence on muscles in dogs and 3-methylhistidine could be a useful parameter for muscle destruction. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Plasma L-carnitine concentration in healthy dogs and dogs with hepatopathy
No full textBackground: L-Carnitine has an essential role in lipid metabolism. Disturbances of L-carnitine metabolism can influence the energy supply of the organism. L-Carnitine is synthesized exclusively in the liver. Hence, we hypothesized that liver disease can influence L-carnitine metabolism. Objectives: The goal of this study was to compare plasma L-carnitine concentrations in dogs with different liver diseases of differing severity with the plasma L-carnitine concentrations of healthy dogs. Methods: Sixteen dogs with inflammatory liver disease and 12 dogs with liver neoplasia were included in the study. Liver disease was diagnosed by clinical chemistry, ultrasonography, and histology of liver biopsy specimens. L-Carnitine concentration was measured in plasma samples using mass spectrometry, and compared among groups using unpaired Student's t-tests. Results: Compared with healthy controls (24.4 +/- 6 8.4 mu mol/L), the plasma L-carnitine concentration in dogs with liver disease (44.2 +/- 23.7 mu mol/L) was significantly higher (P <.0001). The difference in L-carnitine concentration between dogs with moderate (n = 8; 33.6 +/- 13.7 mu mol/L) and severe (n = 8; 57.4 +/- 22.9 mu mol/L) hepatitis was also significant (P = .02). No difference in plasma L-carnitine concentration was found between dogs with hepatitis and those with liver tumors. Conclusions: Liver disease in dogs was accompanied by elevated plasma L-carnitine concentration. The severity of hepatitis appears to influence L-carnitine concentration
Nonparametric detection of genes and their interaction influencing the longitudinal course of a phenotype
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Automated Algorithm Selection and Configuration (Dagstuhl Seminar 16412)
No full textThis report documents the programme and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 16412 "Automated Algorithm Selection and Configuration", which was held October 9--14, 2016 and attended by 34 experts from 10 countries. Research on automated algorithm selection and configuration has lead to some of the most impressive successes within the broader area of empirical algorithmics, and has proven to be highly relevant to industrial applications. Specifically, high-performance algorithms for cnp-hard problems, such as propositional satisfiability (SAT) and mixed integer programming (MIP), are known to have a huge impact on sectors such as manufacturing, logistics, healthcare, finance, agriculture and energy systems, and algorithm selection and configuration techniques have been demonstrated to achieve substantial improvements in the performance of solvers for these problems. Apart from creating synergy through close interaction between the world's leading groups in the area, the seminar pursued two major goals: to promote and develop deeper understanding of the behaviour of algorithm selection and configuration techniques and to lay the groundwork for further improving their efficacy. Towards these ends, the organisation team brought together a group of carefully chosen researchers with strong expertise in computer science, statistics, mathematics, economics and engineering; a particular emphasis was placed on bringing together theorists, empiricists and experts from various application areas, with the goal of closing the gap between theory and practice
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