2,199 research outputs found
La politica della legalità : il ruolo del giurista nell'età contemporanea
No full textAs the author of this book shows as he tests his theses, impartiality and justice require specific and scrupulous forms of civil engagement which render obsolete the traditional call for neutrality. At the same time, citizens must be made to understand how formal features of law that usually evoke their hostility actually guarantee their rights. The legal professional must learn to be a "relativist", obliged - through his choices - to establish priorities among distinct and often irreconcilable value domains
Cercando di dimenticare Savigny
No full textIl presente scritto è un contributo alla discussione del libro di Aurelio Gentili, Il
diritto come discorso del 2013. Del predetto volume si approvano senza riserve
a) la critica alla concezione del vecchio positivismo, secondo il quale il giurista
non farebbe altro che esplorare un misterioso oggetto denominato “realtà
giuridica”, e b) l’interesse per le tecniche argomentative quali strumenti di
controllo interno dei discorsi. Sul piano propositivo, l’autore della recensione
ammette che la conoscenza dei significati normativi letterali, quando la si
ritiene rilevante, comporta a livello collettivo (ma assai meno al livello dei
singoli) un giudizio partecipante. Tali significati, del resto, lungi dall’essere
entità fisse, sono sempre in movimento. Ciò stabilito e con questi limiti,
occorre ammettere che non c’è solo un ordo ordinans imposto dai giuristi sui
confusi materiali estratti dalle fonti, ma si può scorgere, e si deve ritrovare,
anche un ordo ordinatus, frutto tanto dell’attività legislativa quanto delle precedenti interpretazioni, che il singolo interprete non può far a meno di
riconoscere. Insomma: tra i due ordini, fra le attività dei giuristi e i prodotti di
tali attività, si stabilisce un rapporto dialettico.This article is a contribution to the discussion regarding Aurelio Gentili’s 2013
book Il diritto come discorso. From the said volume, the author fully approves:
a) the criticism of the old positivism’s conception that a lawyer does nothing
but explore the misterious object that is “legal reality”, and b) the interest in
argumentative techniques as instruments for internal control of discourses. The
author of this article proposes admitting that the knowledge of literal normative
meanings, when believed to be relevant, requires at the level of the collective
(much less so at the individual level) a judgment, which demonstrates
participation. These meanings are, moreover, far from being fixed entities,
always changing. Within these limits, it should be admitted that there is not
only an ordo ordinans, made by the jurists, using the confused materials
extracted from the sources, but that we may also observe, and must rediscover,
an ordo ordinatus, which results from both legislative activity and previous
interpretations – that an individual interpreter cannot but recognize. In short, a
dialectic relationship between the two orders, between the activity of lawyers
and the products of these activities, is thus established
Exact two-dimensionalization of low-magnetic-Reynolds-number flows subject to a strong magnetic field
No full textWe investigate the behavior of flows, including turbulent flows, driven by a horizontal body-force and subject to a vertical magnetic field, with the following question in mind: for very strong applied magnetic field, is the flow mostly two-dimensional, with remaining weak three-dimensional fluctuations, or does it become exactly 2D, with no dependence along the vertical? We restrict attention to low-magnetic-Reynolds number (Rm) flow. Because liquid metals have low magnetic Prandtl number, such low- flows can have a kinetic Reynolds number as large as one million and therefore be strongly turbulent. We first focus on the quasi-static approximation, i.e. the asymptotic limit of vanishing magnetic Reynolds number Rm << 1: we prove that the flow becomes exactly 2D asymptotically in time, regardless of the initial condition and provided the interaction parameter N is larger than a threshold value. We call this property absolute two-dimensionalization: the attractor of the system is necessarily a (possibly turbulent) 2D flow. We then consider the full-magnetohydrodynamic equations and we prove that, for low enough Rm and large enough N, the flow becomes exactly two-dimensional in the long-time limit provided the initial vertically-dependent perturbations are infinitesimal. We call this phenomenon linear two-dimensionalization: the (possibly turbulent) 2D flow is an attractor of the dynamics, but it is not necessarily the only attractor of the system. Some 3D attractors may also exist and be attained for strong enough initial 3D perturbations. These results shed some light on the existence of a dissipative anomaly for magnetohydrodynamic flows subject to a strong external magnetic field
Letter from Lee C.R. Baker, Reference Assistant to Michi Weglyn, September 25, 1974
No full textThis letter refers to a thesis written by Warren Page Rucker in 1970 entitled, "United States--Peruvian Policy Toward Peruvian-Japanese Persons During World War II." Baker explains that Weglyn can purchase a copy of the thesis if she so desires.Collection of notes, articles, correspondence, photographs, and term papers collected by Yukio Mochizuki, a student at CSU Dominguez Hills, while researching Japanese American incarceration and Japanese Peruvian internment during World War II
Flow instabilities and reversals in non-uniformly thermocapillary driven melt pool
No full textWith transient LES and DNS simulations, we investigate flow in melt pools driven by thermocapillary forces. The developing pool is at first axisymmetric as are the boundary conditions, but flow instabilities arise that lead to 3D oscillatory flow patterns. At higher laser powers a sign-change in the surface tension temperature coefficient occurs, resulting in a flow reversal in the pool and thus two counter-rotating vortices, which exhibit similar though more complex flow instabilities
Gift Young Engineers: An Extra-Curricular Initiative for Updating Computer and Electrical Engineering Courses
No full textThe curricula of engineering courses are well defined by the central government for all Brazilian universities. Indeed, there are some mandatory determinations that must be fulfilled prior to the accreditation of any engineering course in Brazil. Modifications must be submitted for evaluation beforehand, resulting in a process that sometimes takes years to be approved. That is a secure way to guarantee that the fundamentals of each engineering program will be part of the students’ carrier all over the country, and at the same time a problem when you need to introduce new technological subjects. That poses a problem when you have new demands for technological curricular components that could express the actual state of the art of modern subjects. Trying to solve these issues some professors from the Federal University of Amazonas developed a flexible extra-curricular program for electrical and computer engineering courses, named Gift Young Engineers. This paper describes the philosophy of these extra-curricular programs. Some examples of successful particular partnerships are also discussed. Indeed the proposed training programs for Digital TV Systems (hardware and software) will be presented and analyzed in details. The obtained results will also be discussed in order to contribute to similar experiences worldwide
Wall to wall optimal transport
No full textThe calculus of variations is employed to find steady divergence-free velocity fields that maximize transport of a tracer between two parallel walls held at fixed concentration for one of two constraints on flow strength: a fixed value of the kinetic energy or a fixed value of the enstrophy (the mean square rate of strain in this situation). The optimizing flows realize upper limits on convective transport in this scenario. We interpret the results in the context of buoyancy-driven Rayleigh–Bénard convection problems that satisfy the flow intensity constraints, enabling us to investigate how optimal transport scalings compare with upper bounds on Nu expressed as a function of the Rayleigh number Ra
Holding on to What is Most Precious: Ohio Juvenile Law after In re C.R.
No full textThis article will endeavor to show that the Ohio Supreme Court’s ruling in In re C.R. makes it too difficult for parents to retain custody of their own children. By exploring United States Supreme Court precedent, it will be shown that the rule emerging from In re C.R. does not pass procedural due process muster. It will also be shown that the Ohio Supreme Court disregarded its own precedent and in doing so, created a rule that undermines the policies of its own juvenile law system. By providing the rudiments of juvenile jurisprudence, the facts and decision of In re C.R., and an analysis that shows the Ohio Supreme Courts’ oversights and errors in its decision, the author hopes to persuade Ohio lawmakers to reevaluate the way that juvenile court custody cases should be conducted in the future
Uncertainty Coding On Landuse And Soil Boundaries Using Fuzzy Set [codificação De Incertezas Nas Bordas De Mapas De Solo E Uso Da Terra Utilizando Lógica Fuzzy]
No full textNatural landscape features, such as soil and vegetation, are represented by polygons in thematic maps. However, observations accomplished in the field demonstrated that these landscape elements present a continuous spatial variation that makes its depiction by exact lines rather incoherent. Such distortion in the conception of maps is yet a paradigm in Geosciences, Considering the need for a more realistic alternative for the cartographic representation of such themes, a computer routine based on fuzzy logic was here developed to convert crisp (Boolean) maps into fuzzy sets, using the PCRaster Environmental Modelling Language. Boolean maps of vegetation and soil types were decoded into fuzzy sets allowing the mathematical modeling of transition zones among geo-objects, where imprecision and/or uncertainties were dealt with consequently. The new digital fuzzy representations yielded in the process are tailored for modeling and spatial analysis of natural phenomena in Geographical Information Systems.2714351ABRAMS, M., The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER): Data products for the high spatial resolution imager on NASA's Terra platform (2000) International Journal of Remote Sensing, 21, pp. 847-859ALMEIDA, T.I.R., SOUZA FILHO, C.R., Principal Component Analysis Applied to Feature-Oriented Band Ratios of Hyperspectral Data : A Tool for Vegetation Studies (2004) International Journal of Remote Sensing, 25, pp. 1-19BARDOSSY, A., DUCKSTEIN, L., (1995) Fuzzy Rule-Based Moieling with applications to Geophisical, Biological and Engineering Systems, , USA, CRC Press, 232 pBARRETO-NETO, A.A., (2004) Modelagem dinâmica de processes ambientais, , Campinas, 123 p. Tese (Doutorado em Geociências, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de Campinas UNICAMPBARRETO-NETO, A.A., SOUZA FILHO, C.R., Application of fuzzy logic to the evaluation of runoff in a tropical watershed (2008) Environmental Modelling&Software, 23, pp. 244-253BURROUGH, P.A., (1986) Principles of Geographical Information Systems for Land Resources Assessment, , Oxford: Oxford University Press, 194 pBURROUGH, P.A., Fuzzy mathematical methods for soil survey and land evaluation (1989) Journal of Soil Science, 40, pp. 477-492BURROUGH, P.A. Natural Objects with Indeterminate Boundaries. In: BURROUGH P.A. & FRANK, A.U. (Coordenadores), Geographic Objects with Indeterminate Boundaries. Taylor&Francis, p. 3-28, 1996BURROUGH, P.A., MCDONNELL, R.A., (1998) Principles of Geographical Information Systems, , England, Oxford University Press, 336 pBURROUGH, P.A., MACMILLAN, R.A., Van DEURSEN, W., Fuzzy classification methods for determining land suitability from soil profile observations and topography (1992) Journal of Soil Science, 43, pp. 193-210(1999) Sistema brasileiro de classificação de solos, , EMBRAPA, Brasília: Embrapa, 412 pHADZILACOS, T. On Layer-based Systems for Undetermined Boundaries. In: BURROUGH P.A. & FRANK, A.U. (Coordenadores), Geographic Objects with Indeterminate Boundaries, Taylor&Francis, p. 237-256, 1996KANDEL, A., (1986) Fuzzy Mathematical Techniques with Applications, , Reading, Addison-Wesley, 274 pKANDEL, A.PACHECO, R.MARTINS, A.KHATOR, S. The Foundations of Rule-Based Computations in Fuzzy Models, In: W. PEDRYCZ & H.-J. ZIMMERMANN. (Org.). The Foundations of Rule-based Computations in Fuzzy Models. Norwell, Massachusetts: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1 ed., p. 231-263, 1996KARSSENBERG, D., The value of environmental modelling languages for building distributed hydrological models (2002) Hydrological Processes, 16, pp. 2751-2766KARSSENBERG, D., BURROUGH, P.A., SLUITER, R., DE JONG, K., The PCRaster software and Course Materials for Teaching Numerical Modelling in the Environmental Sciences (2001) Transactions in GIS, 5 (2), pp. 99-110LAGACHERIE, P.ANDRIEUX, P.BOUZIGUES, R. Fuzziness and Uncertainty of Soil Boundaries: From Reality to Coding in GIS. In: P.A. BURROUGH P.A. & A.U. FRANK (Org.), Geographic Objects with Indeterminate Boundaries, Bristol, Taylor&Francis Inc., p. 275-286, 1996McBRATNEY, A.B., DE GRUIJTER, J.J., A continuum approach to soil classification by modified fuzzy K- means with extragrades (1992) Journal of Soil Science, 43, pp. 159-175McBRATNEY, A.B., DEGRUIJTER, J.J., BRUS, D.J., Spatial prediction and mapping of continuous soil classes (1992) Geoderma, 54, pp. 39-64McBRATNEY, A.B., ODEH, I.O., Application of fuzzy sets in soil science: Fuzzy logic, fuzzy measurements and fuzzy decisions (1997) Geoderma, 77, pp. 85-113ODEH, I.O., McBRATNEY, A.B., CHITTLEBOROUGH, D.J., Soil pattern recognition with fuzzy-c-mean: Application to classification and soil-landform interrelationships (1992) Soil Science Society American Journal, 56, pp. 505-516PEDRYCZ, W., GOMIDE, F., (1998) An Introduction to Fuzzy Sets: Analysis and Design, , London, MIT Press, 465 pROCK, B.N., VOGELMANN, J.E., WILLIAMS, D.L., VOGLEMANN, A.F., HOSHIZAKI, T., Remote Detection of Forest Damage (1986) BioScience, 36, p. 439ROUSE, J.W., HAAS, R.H., SCHELL, J.A., DEERING, D.W., Monitoring Vegetation Systems in the Great Plains with ERTS (1974) THIRD EARTH RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY SATELLITE-1 SYMPOSIUM, 1974. Proceeding, pp. 310-317. , Greenbelt: NASA SP-351SAKAI, E.LEPSCH, I.F.AMARAL, A.Z. Levantamento pedológico de reconhecimento semidetalhaio da região de Ribeira do Iguape no Estado de São Paulo. I. Carta de solos da folha 24° 15' - 24° 45' e 47° 30' - 40°W (Registro, Juquiá, Pariqüera- Açú e Iguape). Campinas: Instituto Agronômico, 1983SOUZA FILHO, C.R. Aster à Vista. Revista InfoGeo, v. 29, p. 62-64, 2003WESSELING, C.G., KARSSENBERG, D., VAN DEURSEN, W.P.A., BURROUGH, P.A., Integrating dynamic environmental models in GIS: The development of a Dynamic Modelling language (1996) Transactions in GIS, 1, pp. 40-48ZADEH, L.A. Fuzzy sets. Information and Control, v. 8, p. 338-353, 1965ZIMMERMANN, H.J., (1985) Fuzzy Set Theory and its applications, , Boston: Kluwer-Nijhoff, 363
Fluid Circulation And Solute Distribution In A Binary Fluid Mixture: Self-organization Under Osmosedimentation
No full textIn this work a theoretical analysis of the osmosedimentation process is presented. We investigate the role played by small-density non-uniformities in inducing fluid circulation and mass transport in a viscous binary mixture under a strong centrifugal field. We find that a Boussinesq term considered in the momentum equation is of fundamental importance in the convection-diffusion process. The strong centrifugal forces that develop in the solution as a result of the small-density inhomogeneities are responsible for the emergence of a dissipative structure: the fluid can show a complex arrangement of convection cells leading to solute mass redistribution. Time evolution of the cell patterns (convection cells and solution concentration cells) during the first stages of the osmosedimentation process is presented. The results are significant as a clue for understanding pattern formation in systems investigated in the laboratory. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.2571-4536541Chandrasekhar, S., (1961) Hydrodynamic and Hydromagnetic Stability, , ch. II, Oxford University Press, LondonGalembeck, F., Robillota, P.R., Pinheiro, E.A., Jokes, I., Bernardes, N., (1980) J. Phys. Chem., 84, p. 112Pires, A.T.N., Nunes, S.P., Galembeck, F., (1984) J. Colloid Interface Sci., 98, p. 489Galembeck, F., Pires, A.T.N., (1986) Separation and Purification Methods, 15, p. 97Nunes, S.P., Galembeck, F., (1987) J. Non-Equilibr. Thermodyn., 12, p. 205Rodrigues Neto, C., Tenan, M.A., (1994) J. Non-Equilibr. Thermodyn., 19, p. 157Kreuzer, H.J., (1981) Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics and Its Statistical Foundations, p. 114. , Clarendon Press, OxfordMello, C.A., (1994), Master Thesis, IQ - UNICAMP, BrazilSchachman, H.K., (1959) Ultracentrifugation in Biochemistry, p. 61. , Academic Press, New Yor
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