1,721,052 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The role of Toll-like receptors and C-type lectins for vaccination against Candida albicans.
No full textRecent progress has provided important novel insights in the processes driving the adaptive immune responses. Central to these developments is the discovery of pattern recognition receptors like TLRs and CLRs that not only induce innate immune responses, but also modulate cellular and humoral adaptive immunity. As vaccination is one of the great achievements in medicine and probably the most powerful tool to protect human and animals against infectious disease, further vaccine development and optimization of current strategies can improve health status of large groups of people. Development of a vaccine against Candida spp. should induce both cellular and humoral immune responses. While the TLRs are strong inducers of inflammatory responses, it seems that the CLRs have the potential to modulate these responses by enhancement or inhibition of cytokine production. Understanding the natural host defense mechanisms against pathogens like C. albicans therefore helps to identify the proper targets for inducing a strong adjuvant effect, in order to stimulate an effective adaptive immune response and protection
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
PS2-106. Bacteroides fragilis inhibits Candida albicans induced IL-17
No full textBackground: Bacteroids fragilis and Candida albicans are both part of the commensal intestinal flora. When B. fragilis spreads to normally sterile parts of the body it is a potent inducer of abscess formation. These abscesses are often polymicrobial and synergistic effects in promoting larger abscesses and bacterial persistence have been observed for bacterial co-infections. In contrast, the presence of fungi in abscesses and the effect of fungal and microbial co-infections on the host immune response has been poorly studied. The aim of this study was to assess the modulatory effect of B. Fragilis on the C. albicans induced cytokine profile. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy volunteers were stimulated with heat- killed B. fragilis (107/ml), heat- killed C. albicans (105/
ml), or the combination and cytokine levels were determined in supernatants by
ELISA.
Results: Both B. fragilis (107/ml) and C. albicans (105/ml) are potent inducers of IL-8
and IL-6, with a moderate IL-1b and TNFa production, while induction of IL-23, IFNc
and IL-10 is low. In contrast to B. fragilis, C. albicans is a potent inducer of IL-17. Coincubation
of Bacteroides fragilis and C. albicans resulted in a significant decrease of IL-
17 secretion by PBMCs, whereas co-incubation had an additive effect on most other
cytokines. B. fragilis inhibited IL-17 production even if added to the cells two hours
after stimulation with C. albicans. B. fragilis induced these effects through Toll-like
receptor 2 (TLR2), and the TLR2 stimulus Pam3Cys had similar inhibitory effects on
C. albicans-induced IL-17 secretion. Conclusion: B. fragilis inhibits C. albicans induced IL-17 secretion through TLR2-mediated signalling. This finding may have important consequences for the patho-physiology of bacterial-fungal mixed abscesses, as well as during co-colonization of the intestinal mucosa with these two microorganisms
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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