1,720,970 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Elucidating pathogenesis and improving clinical management of benign cutaneous inflammation in urticaria and malignant inflammation in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas
No full textIntroduction: Chronic urticaria (CU) is defined when hives occur for at least 6 weeks. When no identifiable cause can be found, it is classified as chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Approximately 50% of patients are now considered to have an autoimmune etiology which can be established in vivo with the use of the autologous serum skin test (ASST) or in vitro with the Basophil Activation Test (BAT) measuring CD63 expression. Because of its chronicity, CU in children results in substantial impairment of health-related quality of life (QoL). While urticaria represents benign inflammation, Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas (CTCL) represents malignant inflammation that is driven by neoplastic CD4+ T cells in the skin. About 20% of patients with early stage will progress and succumb to their disease. Currently, it is not possible to predict which patients will progress. It is also challenging to diagnose CTCL as it mimics benign inflammatory dermatoses. It may be possible to identify a set of molecular markers that may be used to help prognosticate and diagnose this disease. Methods: We have created a cohort of 139 children affected by CSU. All patients were followed for 2 years. We have studied the utility of BAT to help diagnose and monitor response to treatment, evaluated the natural history and assessed for predictors of disease resolution using established validated tools including the weekly urticaria activity score (UAS7) and the Chronic Urticaria quality of life questionnaire (CU-Q2oL). For CTCL research we used the RT-PCR and tested gene expression in 60 CTCL skin biopsy samples and in 11 patient-derived cell lines to discover diagnostic and prognostic markers and to gain additional insight in the molecular etiology of CTCL. We also tested the expression of Embryonic Stem Cell (ESC) genes in this cancer. Results: Based on the log-normal distribution of CD63 values in control subjects, the reference range and the cut-off for positive CD63 BAT values was established to be 1.2% to 1.8% (95%CI) and 1.8%, respectively. Children with CSU showed significantly elevated and significantly more increased BAT values as compared to healthy controls (Wilcoxon rank test p-value <0.001). In contrast, no difference was found between BAT results in controls and PU patients. Higher disease activity and treatment resistance were associated with higher BAT values. Using the BAT we documented that 57% of children in our cohort had autoimmune CSU. The rate of disease resolution was 10.3% per year. Positive BAT and basopenia were statistically associated with earlier disease resolution. CU-Q2oL at time of recruitment suggested that itch, sleep impairment and physical appearance were the most important factors affecting QoL. The mean UAS7 at first follow up was 8.23 and reduced to 3.62 on next follow up suggesting an overall good control of symptoms with current management strategies.Our research findings on CTCL demonstrated that 17 genes (CCL18, CCL26, FYB, T3JAM, MMP12, LEF1, LCK, ITK, GNLY, IL2RA, IL26, IL22, CCR4, GTSF1, SYCP1, STAT5A, and TOX) are able to both identify patients who are at risk of progression and also distinguish CTCL from benign mimickers. Our findings for the first time demonstrated that many critical ESC genes are expressed in CTCL. Select ESC genes (OCT4, EED, TCF3, THAP11, CHD7, TIP60, TRIM28) were preferentially expressed in CTCL samples when compared to benign skin biopsies. Conclusions: Relative frequency of autoimmune urticaria in children is similar to adults and if proven in the future, may be a good prognostic factor predicting earlier disease resolution. BAT may serve as an effective laboratory tool to help diagnose autoimmune CSU and monitor response to treatment in moderate/severe cases.Our gene expression findings in CTCL, combined with other gene expression analyses, prepare the foundation for the development of personalized molecular approach toward diagnosis and prognostication of this cancer.Introduction : l'urticaire chronique (CU) est définie lorsque l'urticaire récidive durant au moins 6 semaines. Lorsqu'aucune cause ne peut être identifiée, cette condition est désignée urticaire spontanée chronique (CSU). Environ 50% des patients avec CSU sont considérés avoir une étiologie auto-immune qui peut être établie in vitro avec plusieurs tests incluant le test d'activation des basophiles (BAT) mesurant l'expression du marqueur CD63. En raison de sa chronicité, CU chez les enfants affecte considérablement la qualité de vie (QOL).Le lymphome cutané à cellules T (CTCL) représente une inflammation maligne qui est causée par les cellules T néoplasiques localisées à la peau. Environ 20% des patients au stade I ou II vont progresser et succomber à la maladie. Il n'est pas possible de prédire quels patients progresseront. Il est difficile de diagnostiquer CTCL puisqu'il mime des conditions cutanées bénignes. Méthodes : nous avons créé une cohorte de 139 enfants touchés par CU et suivi les patients pendant 2 ans. Nous avons étudié l'utilité de BAT pour diagnostiquer et surveiller la réponse au traitement. Nous avons évalué l'histoire naturelle et les facteurs prédictifs de la résolution à l'aide du score de l'activité hebdomadaire de l'urticaire (UAS7) et le questionnaire sur la qualité de vie (CU-Q2oL).Dans le projet de recherche sur le CTCL, nous avons utilisé le PCR en temps réel et l'expression des gènes sur les échantillons de peau de 60 patients atteints de CTCL et sur 11 lignées de cellules dérivées de patients avec CTCL pour découvrir de nouveaux marqueurs diagnostiques et pronostiques. Nous avons testé l'expression des gènes de cellules souches embryonnaires (ESC) dans ce cancer.Résultats : en fonction de la distribution logarithmique normale des valeurs de CD63 chez les enfants témoins, on a établi que l'intervalle de référence et le seuil positif pour le BAT utilisant l'expression du marquer CD63 sont de 1,2 % à 1,8 % (intervalle de confiance à 95 %) et 1,8 %, respectivement. Les valeurs du BAT chez les enfants avec la CSU ont été significativement plus élevés que chez les témoins sains. Il n'y avait pas de différence entre les résultats du BAT chez les témoins et les patients avec PU. Le BAT a été associé avec une maladie plus sévère et résistante au traitement. À l'aide du BAT, nous avons établi que 57 % des enfants dans notre cohorte avaient une origine auto-immune. Le taux de résolution annuel de CSU était de 10,3 %. Le résultat positif du BAT et la basopénie étaient statistiquement associés à une résolution plus rapide. Le CU-Q2oL au moment du recrutement a suggéré que la démangeaison, les troubles du sommeil et l'apparence physique sont les principaux facteurs affectant la qualité de vie chez les enfants avec la CU. Le score UAS7 a été réduit entre la première et la seconde visite de suivi (de 8.23 à 3,62) suggérant une bonne maîtrise des symptômes avec les recommandations de prise en charge actuelles.Les conclusions de notre recherche sur le CTCL ont démontré que 17 gènes (CCL18, CCL26, FYB, T3JAM, MMP12, LEF1, LCK, ITK, GNLY, IL2RA, IL26, IL22, CCR4, GTSF1, SYCP1, STAT5A, TOX) sont en mesure d'identifier les patients à risque de progression et distinguer le CTCL des imitateurs. Les gènes de la famille des cellules souches embryonnaires (ESC) sont exprimés dans le CTCL et certains de ces gènes (OCT4, EED, TCF3, THAP11, CHD7, TIP60, TRIM28) étaient absents dans les maladies bénignes.Conclusions : La fréquence relative de l'urticaire auto-immune chez les enfants est similaire à celle de l'adulte et, si confirmée par les études futures, la présence d'autoanticorps peut suggérer un meilleur prognostic avec une résolution plus rapide de la maladie. Le BAT peut aider à diagnostiquer la CU auto-immune et surveiller la réponse au traitement. Nos résultats d'expression des gènes dans le CTCL préparent le terrain pour le développement de l'approche personnalisée pour le diagnostic et le pronostic de ce cancer
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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