1,720,993 research outputs found
Prevention of Burkholderia cepacia Infection in cystic fibrosis patients
Get PDFThesis I chose based on its long-term interest in the issue of conditionally pathogenic gram-negative bacteria and their resistance to antimicrobial látkím. These bacteria are a frequent cause of nosocomial infections or severe infections in predisposed patient
Extensively resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in the Czech Republic: population genetic structure and mechanisms of resistance to carbapenems and aminoglycosides
Get PDFThis study focuses on the question of the epidemiology of resistance to antibiotics in Acinetobacter baumannii, which is nowadays one of the most problematic bacterial patho- gens associated with failing antimicrobial therapy. Its aim was to define population-genetic properties, epidemiology and the nature of multidrug resistance for a sample of the current population of A. baumannii from Czechia. A total of 55 isolates were collected in eight medi- cal facilities in central Bohemia from October 2016 to May 2018. The isolates were assessed for their identity at the species, clonal and strain levels as well as resistance phenotype and genotype; they were classified into five clonal groups, each of which encompassed isolates that were likely to be epidemiologically related. The 55 isolates studied belonged, nearly exclusively, to global clone ECII, with 53 % of them forming a genetically relatively homoge- neous group characterized by extensive resistance to antibiotics (susceptible only to col- istin), the presence of genes encoding ArmA a OXA-23 (resistance to all aminoglycosides and carbapenems) and spread in all locations. The in-depth epidemiological analysis of isolates from the city of Příbram and its vicinity indicated the regional spread of two strains, one of which belonged to the..
Efflux systems in antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii
No full textDepartment of Genetics and MicrobiologyKatedra genetiky a mikrobiologieFaculty of SciencePřírodovědecká fakult
THE LANDSCAPE OF SLANÝ - FORGOTTEN PEARLS IN THE LANDSCAPE
No full textDiplomová práce se zabývá řešením prostupnosti bezmotorovou dopravou na území západního Slánska na úrovni turistické a každodenní. Zároveň sítí cest zpřístupňuje historické, technické a přírodní památky a fragmenty skryté v krajině. Tímto způsobem se snaží o obnovu zájmu a vztahu místních obyvatel a skrze to pak o ochranu těchto památek. Propojení úrovně památek a prostupnosti tvoří trasa bývalé úzkokolejky Slaný – Kačice, která tvoří liniovou stavbu s jedinečnou niveletou a zajímavou perlu, která umožňuje bezpečný, příjemný a zážitkový pohyb pro návštěvníky. Trasu naučné stezky „Po staré úzkokolejce“ provází jednotlivá zastavení a zajímavé body, jde po dochovaných stopách po této staré dráze a zároveň zapojuje další památky jako je Smečenský zámek nebo bývalá Martinická cihelna.The diploma thesis deals with the solution of accessibility by non-motorized transport in the territory of western Sláný at the level of tourism and everyday life. At the same time, it makes accessible historical, technical and natural monuments and fragments hidden in the landscape through a network of paths. In this way, it is trying to restore the interest and relationship of local residents and, through this, to protect these monuments. The link between the level of monuments and accessibility is the route of the former Slaný - Kačice narrow gauge railway, which forms a linear structure with a unique level and an interesting pearl that enables safe, pleasant and experiential movement for visitors. The route of the educational trail "After the old narrow gauge railway" is accompanied by individual stops and points of interest, it follows the preserved tracks of this old railway and at the same time includes other monuments such as the Smečenský castle or the former Martinick brickyard
The role of the AdeABC efflux system in resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii to aminoglycosides
Get PDFAcinetobacter baumannii is an important nosocomial pathogen characterized by the ability to acquire and develop complex resistance to antimicrobial agents. This capability is caused by eflux systems removing molecules of antibiotics from bacterial intracellular space. AdeABC is an RND-type chromosomal eflux system specific for A. baumannii which has a broad substrate spectrum. In this work, we focused on functional analysis of AdeABC to define its role in the resistance development to aminoglycosides in genetically different strains. We studied a set of 15 epidemiologically and genotypically well characterized strains of A. baumannii which were fully susceptible to aminoglycosides and other antibiotics primarily effective against this species. We determined genotyp of AdeABC for these strains and performed a selection for resistant variants in the presence of netilmicin. Using real-time qRT-PCR we compared the expression of the transporter gene adeB in originally sensitive strains and selected variants. The obtained results confirmed that the increased expression of AdeABC significantly reduces susceptibility to aminoglycosides and other antibiotics. The results also suggest that the efflux system provides a significant selective advantage for nosocomial strains of A. baumannii
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Morphogenesis of bacterial colonies
Get PDFThe topic of this thesis has been built on previous work of our group, especially Rieger et al. 2008 and Čepl et al. 2010. We examined and described the regularity of morphogenesis of S. marcescens, morphotype F colonies (from "the fountain", because of a shape it resembles). Typical colony consists of elevated red navel, low non-pigmented ring and again elevated red rim. Structured profile of the colony together with changes in pigmentation of structures during development without need of artificial dying, provides considerable advantage in observation of the morphogenesis. Aims of this thesis were (i) to find other factors that affect the morphogenesis, (ii) to characterize interactions of S. marcescens colonies with other bacterial strains (S. rubidaea and E .coli) and finally (iii) to study the phenomenon of induced resistance to the antibiotics described in (Heal and Parsons, 2002; Lu 2004; Bernier et al. 2011) in our model organisms. (i) Mutual interactions of colonies on the plate indicates that morphogenesis is affected by autocrine signals, which diffuse into the medium and the atmosphere and affect the development of surrounding colonies. We have detected changes of pH of the medium during the development of colonies in their vicinity. At ..
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