5 research outputs found
ANALYZING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRAINING AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT PERFORMANCE OF KIKUUBE DISTRICT: A DESCRIPTIVE, CORRELATIONAL, AND A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY.
No full textBackground:
The study aimed to analyze the relationship between training and local government performance in the Kikuube district.
Methodology:
A descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional survey was employed among Kikuube District staff employees, service commissioners, and political leaders at the district headquarters. Simple random sampling techniques and purposive samplings were used to select respondents to participate in this study. Simple random to give every employee an opportunity and a purposive sampling technique on selecting the only service commission staff in the district and the Chairperson Local council five- Kikuube district with in-depth information regarding the study variables, were used to obtain 120 participants in the study. The researcher administered questionnaires and interview guides to get the information.
Results:
Out of 120 participants, findings revealed that 75.5% (mean response of 2.0 with a standard deviation of 0.5) of the respondents agreed that training of staff motivates employees to produce quality work and services at Kikuube District Local government.
Conclusion:
There is a significant relationship between employee training and the performance of the Kikuube district local government.
Recommendation:
Kikuube district local government should pass a resolution for continuous training of employees about evolving demands in the work field for further motivation, innovativeness, and creativity to stimulate the performance of employees leading to improved local government performance
Correlation between CD4 cell counts and the immune status among Critically ill HIV negative patients in intensive care units in Uganda
No full textIntroduction: CD4 cells play a central role in regulation of adaptive cell mediated immune responses. Abnormal CD4 cells are usually reported in patients living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), as a marker of their immune status, but not common practice among HIV negative patients. CD4 cell counts commonly fall low in HIV negative patients suffering from conditions such as viral illnesses, bacterial infections, sepsis, multiple organ system failure and trauma. In HIV negative individuals, a CD4 cell count provides a picture of the status of the adaptive immune system, with higher counts, typically signifying healthier immune systems. Use of CD4 cell counts as a measure of the immune status among critically ill HIV negative patients has not been established in Ugandan Intensive Care Units(ICUs), despite a high mortality of upto 40.1%, and yet CD4 is a single parameter that is simpler to perform .
Objective: To assess the immune status of critically ill HIV negative patients admitted to ICUs in Kampala, using CD4 cell counts as a surrogate marker.
Method: A multicentre prospective cohort study, conducted between 1st August 2017 to 1st March 2018 from four ICUs in Kampala. A sample size of 130 critically ill HIV negative patients were consecutively enrolled into the study. For each participant, we determined the HIV status, sociodemographics, clinical characteristics, CD4 cell counts, APACHE II score and found out a twenty eight day ICU mortality outcome. Data was collected using a standardized questionnaire by the principal investigator, and trained research assistants. It was double entered into EpiData 3.1 and exported to STATA 14 to apply bivariate and multivariate models for analysis. Descriptive and regression analysis for participant characteristics were presented as tables and figures.
Results: After 28 day follow up, 71 [54.6%, 95% CI (45.9-63.3)] were low (less than 500 cells/mm³) CD4 counts and were not found to be significantly associated with 28-day mortality, OR (95%) 1 (0.4 – 2.4), p value = 0.093. CD4 Cell Count Receiver Operator Characteristic curve (ROC) area was 0.5195, comparable to APACHE II ROC area 0.5426 for predicting 24-hour mortality.
Conclusion : CD4 cell counts were generally low among HIV negative critically ill patients. Low CD4 cells did not predict 28 day ICU mortality. CD4 cell counts were not found to be inferior to APACHE II score in predicitng 24 hour ICU mortality.This work was partly supported through the DELTAS Africa Initiative grant # DEL-15-011 to THRiVE-2. The DELTAS Africa Initiative is an independent funding scheme of the African Academy of Sciences (AAS)’s Alliance for Accelerating Excellence in Science in Africa (AESA) and supported by the New Partnership for Africa’s Development Planning and Coordinating Agency (NEPAD Agency), with funding from the Wellcome Trust grant # 107742/Z/15/Z and the UK government. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of AAS, NEPAD Agency, Wellcome Trust or the UK governmen
Health Secur
No full textUganda is highly vulnerable to public health emergencies (PHEs) due to its geographic location next to the Congo Basin epidemic hot spot, placement within multiple epidemic belts, high population growth rates, and refugee influx. In view of this, Uganda's Ministry of Health established the Public Health Emergency Operations Center (PHEOC) in September 2013, as a central coordination unit for all PHEs in the country. Uganda followed the World Health Organization's framework to establish the PHEOC, including establishing a steering committee, acquiring legal authority, developing emergency response plans, and developing a concept of operations. The same framework governs the PHEOC's daily activities. Between January 2014 and December 2021, Uganda's PHEOC coordinated response to 271 PHEs, hosted 207 emergency coordination meetings, trained all core staff in public health emergency management principles, participated in 21 simulation exercises, coordinated Uganda's Global Health Security Agenda activities, established 6 subnational PHEOCs, and strengthened the capacity of 7 countries in public health emergency management. In this article, we discuss the following lessons learned: PHEOCs are key in PHE coordination and thus mitigate the associated adverse impacts; although the functions of a PHEOC may be legalized by the existence of a National Institute of Public Health, their establishment may precede formally securing the legal framework; staff may learn public health emergency management principles on the job; involvement of leaders and health partners is crucial to the success of a public health emergency management program; subnational PHEOCs are resourceful in mounting regional responses to PHEs; and service on the PHE Strategic Committee may be voluntary.CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States
Acute trauma care training in undergraduate medical education programs in Uganda; A cross-sectional survey of final year medical students
No full textIntroduction: Trauma is one of the leading causes of death and long-term disability globally. In sub-Saharan Africa, the number of specialist emergency care personnel is inadequate and task shifting is common. We aimed to assess the variation in knowledge on acute trauma care, and self-perceived confidence in performing lifesaving skills amongst final year medical students in Uganda. Methods: We conducted a multi-institutional, cross-sectional survey among final year medical students who had just completed their training from eight medical schools in Uganda. We assessed knowledge using a 25 standardized multiple-choice question test adopted from a previous study, and self-reported confidence in perfuming lifesaving skills, scored on a 5-Point Likert scale. Results: Some 246 (88.5 %) participants responded to the survey and 241 provided complete data. The mean knowledge score was 58.9 % (SD; 12.4) with a mean variation ratio of 0.36 (SD; 0.17). The mean self-perceived confidence score of the participants was 3.8 (SD; 1.0) with relatively high scores in interpretation of radiological investigations (mean 4.2, SD; 0.9) and patient assessment (mean 4.1, SD; 0.9), and lower scores in management of different categories of trauma patients (mean 3.8, SD; 1.0) and performing life-saving procedures (mean 3.5, SD; 0.9). Only three institutions had emergency medicine physicians, with one at each institution, and 146 (60.6 %) of participants received no dedicated trauma training. Conclusion: Final year medical students exiting training in Uganda had variable knowledge in acute trauma care and intermediate self-perceived confidence in performing lifesaving skills. Training programs need to standardize and strengthen acute trauma training and provide specialists and resources essential for trauma training at undergraduate level
Spatial parasite ecology and epidemiology: a review of methods and applications.
No full textThe distributions of parasitic diseases are determined by complex factors, including many that are distributed in space. A variety of statistical methods are now readily accessible to researchers providing opportunities for describing and ultimately understanding and predicting spatial distributions. This review provides an overview of the spatial statistical methods available to parasitologists, ecologists and epidemiologists and discusses how such methods have yielded new insights into the ecology and epidemiology of infection and disease. The review is structured according to the three major branches of spatial statistics: continuous spatial variation; discrete spatial variation; and spatial point processes
