399 research outputs found
A comparative study of perception and practices regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls in urban and rural areas of Jodhpur district, Rajasthan
Get PDFContext: There are vast disparities of information gap between urban and rural adolescent girls in India, which do have an impact on the practices during menstruation. Aim: To assess and compare the knowledge, perceptions, and practices of adolescent girls regarding menstrual hygiene in rural and urban areas of Jodhpur. Settings and Design: It was a cross-sectional study, which was conducted on school going adolescent girls in urban and rural schools of Jodhpur. Materials and Methods: The sample size for the study was 450, which was divided into rural and urban adolescent girls. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using SPSS v. 16. Inferences were drawn using Chi-square test and t test. Results: The mean age of menarche was 13.41 ± 1.07 years. A significantly more number of girls from an urban area (56.2%) were using sanitary napkins during menstruation. Only around one-fourth of the girls in study area had ever been counseled for menstrual hygiene. Awareness about adolescent health clinic was significantly more among urban girls. Conclusion: Significant differences were observed among urban and rural adolescent girls in terms of knowledge, perception, and practices related to menstrual hygiene
Toxicological profile for hexachlorobutadiene
Get PDFATSDR/TP-93/08Chemical manager(s)/author(s): Gangadhar Choudhary, Joyce M. Donohue, Yvonne N. Hales.Prepared by Life Systems, Inc., under subcontract to Clement International Corporation;prepared for U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry under contract no. 205-88-0608.Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-128).205-88-060
Phosphonate Chelators for Medicinal Metal Ions
Get PDFA family of phosphonate-bearing chelators was
synthesized to study their potential in metal-based (radio)-
pharmaceuticals. Three ligands (H6phospa, H6dipedpa, H6eppy;
structures illustrated in manuscript) were fully characterized,
including X-ray crystallographic structures of H6phospa and
H6dipedpa. NMR spectroscopy techniques were used to confirm
the complexation of each ligand with selected trivalent metal ions.
These methods were particularly useful in discerning structural
information for Sc3+ and La3+ complexes. Solution studies were
conducted to evaluate the complex stability of 15 metal complexes.
As a general trend, H6phospa was noted to form the most stable
complexes, and H6eppy associated with the least stable complexes.
Moreover, In3+ complexes were determined to be the most stable, and complexes with La3+ were the least stable, across all metals.
Density functional theory (DFT) was employed to calculate structures of H6phospa and H6dipedpa complexes with La3+ and Sc3+. A
comparison of experimental 1
H NMR spectra with calculated 1
H NMR spectra using DFT-optimized structures was used as a
method of structure validation. It was noted that theoretical NMR spectra were very sensitive to a number of variables, such as ligand
configuration, protonation state, and the number/orientation of explicit water molecules. In general, the inclusion of an explicit
second shell of water molecules qualitatively improved the agreement between theoretical and experimental NMR spectra versus a
polarizable continuum solvent model alone. Formation constants were also calculated from DFT results using potential-energy
optimized structures. Strong dependence of molecular free energies on explicit water molecule number, water molecule
configuration, and protonation state was observed, highlighting the need for dynamic data in accurate first-principles calculations of
metal−ligand stability constants
Diagnosis and management of dilated cardiomyopathy: a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines and recommendations
Get PDF: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is extensively discussed in numerous expert consensus documents and international guidelines, with differing recommendations. To support clinicians in daily practice and decision-making, we conducted a systematic review of key guidelines and recommendations concerning the diagnosis and clinical management of DCM. Our research encompassed MEDLINE and EMBASE databases for relevant articles published, as well as the websites of relevant scientific societies. We identified two guidelines and one scientific statement that met stringent criteria, thereby qualifying them for detailed systematic analysis. Our review revealed consensus on several key aspects: the definition of DCM, the use of B-type natriuretic peptides and high-sensitivity troponin in laboratory testing, the essential role of multimodality cardiovascular imaging for initial diagnosis, genetic counselling, and the management of advanced disease. Nonetheless, notable areas of variation included the formation of multidisciplinary management teams, the role of cascade genetic testing, pathways for arrhythmic risk stratification, and the criteria for prophylactic defibrillator implantation. Significant evidence gaps persist, particularly regarding the clinical trajectory of genetic, non-genetic and gene-elusive forms of DCM, the use of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in phenotype-negative family members with genotype-positive probands, and the development of potential aetiology-oriented therapies. Addressing these gaps could enhance clinical outcomes and inform future research directions and guideline development
Author response: Multiple short windows of calcium-dependent protein kinase 4 activity coordinate distinct cell cycle events during Plasmodium gametogenesis
No full textMalaria transmission relies on the production of gametes following ingestion by a mosquito. Here, we show that Ca2+-dependent protein kinase 4 controls three processes essential to progress from a single haploid microgametocyte to the release of eight flagellated microgametes in Plasmodium berghei. A myristoylated isoform is activated by Ca2+ to initiate a first genome replication within twenty seconds of activation. This role is mediated by a protein of the SAPS-domain family involved in S-phase entry. At the same time, CDPK4 is required for the assembly of the subsequent mitotic spindle and to phosphorylate a microtubule-associated protein important for mitotic spindle formation. Finally, a non-myristoylated isoform is essential to complete cytokinesis by activating motility of the male flagellum. This role has been linked to phosphorylation of an uncharacterised flagellar protein. Altogether, this study reveals how a kinase integrates and transduces multiple signals to control key cell-cycle transitions during Plasmodium gametogenesis.</jats:p
Microbial transformation of nandrolone with Cunninghamella echinulata and Cunninghamella blakesleeana and evaluation of leishmaniacidal activity of transformed products
No full textTherapeutic potential of nandrolone and its derivatives against leishmaniasis has been studied. A number of derivatives of nandrolone (1) were synthesized through biotransformation. Microbial transformation of nandrolone (1) with Cunninghamella echinulata and Cunninghamella blakesleeana yielded three new metabolites, 10β,12β,17β-trihydroxy-19-nor-4-androsten-3-one (2), 10β,16α,17β-trihydroxy-19-nor-4-androsten-3-one (3), and 6β,10β,17β-trihydroxy-19-nor-4-androsten-3-one (4), along with four known metabolites, 10β,17β-dihydroxy-19-nor-4-androsten-3-one (5), 6β,17β-dihydroxy-19-nor-4-androsten-3-one (6) 10β-hydroxy-19-nor-4-androsten-3,17-dione (7) and 16β,17β- dihydroxy-19-nor-4-androsten-3-one (8). Compounds 1-8 were evaluated for their anti-leishmanial activity. Compounds 1 and 8 showed a significant activity in vitro against Leishmania major. The leishmanicidal potential of compounds 1-8 (IC50 = 32.0 ± 0.5, andgt;100, 77.39 ± 5.52, 70.90 ± 1.16, 54.94 ± 1.01, 80.23 ± 3.39, 61.12 ± 1.39 and 29.55 ± 1.14 μM, respectively) can form the basis for the development of effective therapies against the protozoal tropical disease leishmaniasis. © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Al-Aboudi A, 2009, STEROIDS, V74, P483, DOI 10.1016-j.steroids.2009.01.002; Alarcon J, 2007, J MOL CATAL B-ENZYM, V48, P23, DOI 10.1016-j.molcatb.2007.06.001; Antinarelli Luciana Mr, 2012, Org Med Chem Lett, V2, P16, DOI 10.1186-2191-2858-2-16; Borges KB, 2008, J PHARMACEUT BIOMED, V46, P945, DOI 10.1016-j.jpba.2007.05.018; Borges KB, 2009, TETRAHEDRON-ASYMMETR, V20, P385, DOI 10.1016-j.tetasy.2009.02.009; BORIS A, 1967, STEROIDS, V9, P299, DOI 10.1016-0039-128X(67)90114-6; CASPI E, 1989, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P1699, DOI 10.1039-c39890001699; Choudhary MI, 2010, STEROIDS, V75, P956, DOI 10.1016-j.steroids.2010.05.017; Choudhary MI, 2008, NAT PROD RES, V22, P1289, DOI 10.1080-14786410500462660; Choudhary MI, 2005, CHEM BIODIVERS, V2, P392, DOI 10.1002-cbdv.200590019; Choudhary MI, 2011, STEROIDS, V76, P1288, DOI 10.1016-j.steroids.2011.06.007; Choudhary MI, 2009, STEROIDS, V74, P1040, DOI 10.1016-j.steroids.2009.08.003; Choudhary MI, 2007, STEROIDS, V72, P923, DOI 10.1016-j.steroids.2007.08.002; Choudhary MI, 2012, J ENZYM INHIB MED CH, V27, P348, DOI 10.3109-14756366.2011.590804; de Flines J, 1963, RECL TRAV CHIM PAY B, V82, P129; de Flines J, 1963, RECL TRAV CHIM PAY B, V82, P121; de Flines J, 1963, RECL TRAV CHIM PAY B, V82, P149; Desjeux P, 2004, COMP IMMUNOL MICROB, V27, P305, DOI 10.1016-j.cimid.2004.03.004; Farooq A, 2002, Z NATURFORSCH C, V57, P303; Hazra S, 2013, EXP PARASITOL, V135, P407, DOI 10.1016-j.exppara.2013.07.021; Hernandez-Torres A, 2013, SCAND J INFECT DIS, V45, P567, DOI 10.3109-00365548.2012.752859; Huszcza E, 2003, J BASIC MICROB, V43, P113, DOI 10.1002-jobm.200390011; Kolet SP, 2013, STEROIDS, V78, P1152, DOI 10.1016-j.steroids.2013.08.004; Kouvelas D, 2008, INT J NEUROPSYCHOPH, V11, P925, DOI 10.1017-S1461145708008754; Oliveira-Silva FD, 2008, AM J TROP MED HYG, V78, P745; Parshikov IA, 2000, APPL ENVIRON MICROB, V66, P2664, DOI 10.1128-AEM.66.6.2664-2667.2000; Shao-rui C, 2010, CHEM RES CHINESE U, V26, P922; Yazdi MT, 2006, ARCH PHARM, V339, P473, DOI 10.1002-ardp.2005002350
Student Performance Measure by using Different Classification Methods of Data Mining
No full textMaster of Engineering-Software EngineeringThe assessment in outcome based learning is very vital and significant approach toward measuring the student’s performance. There are many traditional methods existing in this context. The data mining is one of the intelligent computing methods which are having widely accepted features that enable the idea of its usage in assessment. Much work has been done to measure the student performance by using different methodologies and modern technologies. In this work, we have gone through the current data sets of students of the university and different classification methods of data mining are used to measure the accuracy of student performance. Based on the analysis of the result, it has been concluded that accuracy and the other measures of SVM is more than the other classification methods
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