122 research outputs found
GBV and related mental health Challenges among women, in Woldia
No full textNegussie Deyessa, Tiruwork Kassa, Simegn Terefe REGIONAL WORKSHOP SPIR II Learning Event Co-organized by IFPRI, USAID, CARE, ORDA, and World Vision MAY 16, 2023 - 9:00AM TO MAY 17, 2023 - 5:00PM EA
sj-docx-1-smo-10.1177_20503121211042219 – Supplemental material for Effect of maternal near miss on neonatal mortality in selected hospitals: Prospective cohort study, Southeast Ethiopia
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-smo-10.1177_20503121211042219 for Effect of maternal near miss on neonatal mortality in selected hospitals: Prospective cohort study, Southeast Ethiopia by Ahmednur Adem Aliyi, Negussie Deyessa and Mengistu Yilma Dilnessie in SAGE Open Medicine</p
IPV outcomes from gPM+ intervention
No full textMelissa Hidrobo, Harold Alderman, Negussie Deyessa, Dan Gilligan, Parthu Kalva, Jessica Leight, Michael Mulford, and Abaydar Workie REGIONAL WORKSHOP SPIR II Learning Event Co-organized by IFPRI, USAID, CARE, ORDA, and World Vision MAY 16, 2023 - 9:00AM TO MAY 17, 2023 - 5:00PM EA
Magnitude and Type of Physical Violence against Married Women in Meskan and Mareko District Southern Ethiopia
No full textThe seriousness in magnitude of physical violence, and lack of information on the dimensions and
context of the problem here in Ethiopia, have made this paper to be important. A cross-sectional
survey and a focus group discussion were conducted in Meskanena Mareko woreda, South western
Ethiopia, for a period of one month with an objective to assess the magnitude and types of physical
violence against married women and its associated factors. A total of 673 married women were
included in the study.
The study found out the overall prevalence of physical violence on married women to be 45.0 %
and 9.7 % in their lifetime and last three months, respectively. The type of physical violence most
frequently observed was slapping or hitting a woman with a fist, kicking with leg, and hitting with
stick or iron bar. The out comes of the physical violence ranged from small laceration to
permanent damages.
The study has also shown that khat chewing than not chewing (OR= 1.59, 95 % CI: 1.13, 2.23),
marriage initiated by family than by self (OR= 1.94, 95 % CI: 1.14, 3.37), having history of
parental spousal abuse than don't have (OR= 1.89 95 % CI: 1.37, 2.39), having social confidant
than don't have (OR= 1.95, 95 % CI: 1.30, 2.97) and alcoholic than non alcoholic spouses were the
most contributing factors to the increase in magnitude of physical violence against married women.
We recommend policy makers to be involved to entail the problem and increase public awareness
of physical violence and introduce enforcing law and other researchers to carry out an in depth
study to identify circumstances of physical violence, what the community regards physical violence
and to come up with further analysis in terms of spouses point of view
Intimate partner violence and depression among women in rural Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
No full textBackground: Studies from high-income countries have shown intimate partner violence to be associated with depression among women. The present paper examines whether this finding can be confirmed in a very different cultural setting in rural Ethiopia. Method: A community-based cross-sectional study was undertaken in Ethiopia among 1994 currently married women. Using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), cases of depressive episode were identified according to the ICD-10 diagnosis. Using a standardized questionnaire, women who experienced violence by an intimate partner were identified. A multivariate analysis was conducted between the explanatory variables and depressive status of the women, after adjusting for possible confounders. Results: The 12-month prevalence of depressive episode among the women was 4.8% (95% CI, 3.9% and 5.8%), while the lifetime prevalence of any form of intimate partner violence was 72.0% (95% CI, 70.0% and 73.9%). Physical violence (OR = 2.56, 95% CI, 1.61, 4.06), childhood sexual abuse (OR = 2.00, 95% CI, 1.13, 3.56), mild emotional violence (OR = 3.19, 95% CI, 1.98, 5.14), severe emotional violence (OR = 3.90, 95% CI, 2.20, 6.93) and high spousal control of women (OR = 3.30, 95% CI, 1.58, 6.90) by their partners were independently associated with depressive episode, even after adjusting for socioeconomic factors. Conclusion: The high prevalence of intimate partner violence, a factor often obscured within general life event categories, requires attention to consider it as an independent factor for depression, and thus to find new possibilities of prevention and treatment in terms of public health strategies, interventions and service provision. © 2009 Deyessa et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd
Intimate partner violence and unmet need for contraceptive use among Ethiopian women living in marital union
No full textAbstractBackground: The nature of the association between intimate partner violence (IPV) and unmet need for family planning is likely complex. It is important to understand the relationship in low-resource settings where the rates of IPV and unmet need for contraceptives are high, even after controlling for socio-demographic and other important reproductive health factors.Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional design using data from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. A total of 2810 woman in marital union were included in the study. Interviews with the women assessed unmet need for contraceptives using the indicator of whether the last pregnancy was wanted at the time of conception, or not wanted at all. Intimate partner violence was defined as a woman having experienced either physical or sexual violence by their partner. The association was illustrated crudely and after adjusting for some socio demographic and reproductive characteristics of the women.Results: The study found that the lifetime prevalence of intimate partner violence among women in marital union was23.8%. The level of unmet need for contraceptives for the last pregnancy was 22.0%, (13.9% for spacing and 8.1% for total limiting of bearing a child). Intimate partner violence, measured by experience of physical or sexual violence, was strongly associated with unmet need for contraceptives, even after adjusting for some socio demographic, fertility, and gender related characteristics [AOR=3.03; 95% CI, (2.45, 3.75)].Conclusion: Intimate partner is strongly associated with unmet need for contraceptives among Ethiopian women living in marital union. Policy makers working in family planning should consider prevention of gender-based violence, particularly intimate partner violence. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2018;32(3):00-000]Key words: IPV, Unmet need, contraception, Ethiopia, EDH
Intimate partner violence and depression among women in rural Ethiopia
No full textBackground: Several studies have reported socioeconomic, socio-demographic factors, including violence against women to be associated with depression among women, but knowledge in the area among women living under extreme poverty in developing countries remains scarce. Relationship between intimate partner violence and women’s literacy in societies where violence is normative is complex, there are only limited data describing this difference in the distribution of violence exposure by residency and literacy. Few studies have addressed consequences of maternal depression and experiencing violence among women on children’s survival. Objective: The aim of this thesis is to determine prevalence of depressive episode and examine its association with violence by intimate partner and socioeconomic status It also assesses contribution of residency and literacy of women on vulnerability to physical violence by intimate partner, and independent effect of intimate partner violence and maternal depression on the risk of child death in rural Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was undertaken among 3016 randomly selected women in the age group between 15-49 years conducted from January to December 2002. A cohort study was done through following up women who gave birth to a live child within a year of the survey, in rural Ethiopia. Analysis was made using all the 3016 women, 1994 of the married women and 561 of women who gave birth within a year of the data collection time. Cases of depression were identified using the Amharic version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, experience of physical, sexual and emotional violence by intimate partner was made using the WHO multi-country study on women’s life events, and child death was measured by continuous demographic surveillance data from the Butajira Rural Health Program. Result: The twelve-month prevalence of depression was estimated to be 4.4%. In the analyses being currently married, divorced and widowed women, living in rural villages, having frequent khat chewing habit, having seasonal job and living in extreme poverty were factors independently associated with depression. Similarly, among the married women, experiencing physical violence, childhood sexual abuse, emotional violence and spousal control were factors independently associated with depressive episode. Women in the overall study area had beliefs and norms permissive towards violence against women. Violence against women was more prevalent in rural communities, in particular, among rural literate women and rural women who married a literate spouse. In this study, maternal depression was associated with under five child death. Although no association was seen between experiencing violence and child death, the risk of child death increases when maternal depression is combined with physical and emotional violence. Conclusion: Prevalence of depression among women was still in the lower range as compared to studies from high-income countries. Though depression is associated with socio-demographic factors and extreme poverty, the association is complex. The high prevalence of violence against women could be a contributing factor for preponderance of depression among women than in men. Urbanization and literacy are thought to promote changes in attitudes and norms against intimate partner violence. However, literacy within rural community might expose women to the higher risk of violence. Improving awareness of clinicians and public health workers on the devastating consequences of violence against women and depression is essential in order to identify and take measure when violence and maternal depression co-occurred
Substance use and birth weight among mothers attending public hospitals: A case control study
No full textAbstract
Background: Substance use during pregnancy is greatly underestimated in many parts of the world. Specifically, there are limited up-to-date researches addressing the relationship between substance use and birth outcomes among women in Ethiopia. Therefore, having a study to close the gap and generate firsthand information on the issue is important. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of maternal substance use during pregnancy on the birth weight of a newborn.
Methods: The study used analytic facility based case control study, using a face to face interview with a structured and pre-tested questionnaire. The total sample size was allocated to each health facility based on their patient load through proportion to population size, and a total of 112 cases of neonates with low birth weight (weight < 2500gms) were compared with 235 controls of neonates, born with a birth weight above 2500 grams or more. The data were analyzed using both bivariate and multivariable analysis.
Results: - Maternal khat chewing, tobacco smoking and narghile (shisha) smoking during pregnancy and paternal smoking were statistically associated with lower birth weight. However, maternal history of alcohol drinking during pregnancy was not associated with lower birth weight. Mothers who did not attend primary school and having history of previous low birth weight child were statistically associated with low birth weight. Moreover, lesser weight gains during pregnancy and short intra pregnancy interval were associated with low birth weight.
Conclusion: - The association of low birth weight with substance use was strong, particularly, with maternal khat chewing, cigarette and narghile (shisha) smoking including passive smoking during pregnancy. Therefore, we recommend health professionals working in antenatal care service, be aware, on counseling of mothers for banning or lowering use of substance during pregnancy. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2017;31(1):27-35]
Key word: Substance use, Pregnancy, Birth weight, Smoking, Khat chewing, Ethiopi
Intimate partner violence and unmet need for contraceptive use among Ethiopian women living in marital union
No full textAbstract
Background: The nature of the association between intimate partner violence (IPV) and unmet need for family planning is likely complex. It is important to understand the relationship in low-resource settingswhere the rates of IPV and unmet need for contraceptives are high,even after controlling for socio-demographic and other important reproductive health factors.
Methods:The study employed a cross-sectional design using data from the 2016 EthiopianDemographicandHealth Survey. A total of 2810 woman in marital union were included in the study. Interviews with the women assessed unmet need for contraceptivesusing the indicator of whether the last pregnancy was wanted at the time of conception, or not wanted at all. Intimate partner violence was defined as a woman having experienced either physical or sexual violence by their partner. The association wasillustrated crudely and after adjusting for some sociodemographic and reproductive characteristics of the women.
Results:The study found that the lifetime prevalence of intimate partner violence among women in marital union was23.8%. The level of unmet need for contraceptives for the last pregnancy was 22.0%, (13.9% for spacing and 8.1% for total limiting of bearing a child). Intimate partner violence, measured by experience of physical or sexual violence, was strongly associated with unmet need for contraceptives, even after adjusting for some sociodemographic, fertility, and gender related characteristics [AOR=3.03; 95% CI, (2.45, 3.75)].
Conclusion: Intimate partner is strongly associated with unmet need for contraceptives among Ethiopian women living in marital union. Policy makers working in family planning should consider prevention of gender-based violence, particularly intimate partner violence. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2018;32(3):129-137]
Key words: IPV, Unmet need, contraception, Ethiopia, EDH
Substance use and birth weight among mothers attending public hospitals: A case control study
No full textBackground: Substance use during pregnancy is greatly underestimated in many parts of the world. Specifically, there are limited up-to-date researches addressing the relationship between substance use and birth outcomes among women in Ethiopia. Therefore, having a study to close the gap and generate firsthand information on the issue is important. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of maternal substance use during pregnancy on the birth weight of a newborn.Methods: The study used analytic facility based case control study, using a face to face interview with a structured and pre-tested questionnaire. The total sample size was allocated to each health facility based on their patient load through proportion to population size, and a total of 112 cases of neonates with low birth weight (weight < 2500gms) were compared with 235 controls of neonates, born with a birth weight above 2500 grams or more. The data were analyzed using both bivariate and multivariable analysis.Results: - Maternal khat chewing, tobacco smoking and narghile (shisha) smoking during pregnancy and paternal smoking were statistically associated with lower birth weight. However, maternal history of alcohol drinking during pregnancy was not associated with lower birth weight. Mothers who did not attend primary school and having history of previous low birth weight child were statistically associated with low birth weight. Moreover, lesser weight gains during pregnancy and short intra pregnancy interval were associated with low birth weight.Conclusion: - The association of low birth weight with substance use was strong, particularly, with maternal khat chewing, cigarette and narghile (shisha) smoking including passive smoking during pregnancy. Therefore, we recommend health professionals working in antenatal care service, be aware, on counseling of mothers for banning or lowering use of substance during pregnancy. Key word: Substance use, Pregnancy, Birth weight, Smoking, Khat chewing, Ethiopi
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