130,740 research outputs found
Premio Schindler 1994: Risalire la città. Città di San Marino
No full textMostra dei progetti del Concorso nazionale Premio Schindler: Risalire la città. Città di San Marino, tenutasi all'INARCH di Roma dal 10 al 28 1994. Progetto di concorso degli autori: D. Tchou, A. GiovannelliM. Negroni, M. Secci
Krill oil, vitamin D and Lactobacillus reuteri cooperate to reduce gut inflammation
No full textCurrent research into original therapies to treat intestinal inflammation is focusing on no-drug therapies. KLD is a mixture of krill oil (KO), probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri (LR), and vitamin D (VitD3). The aim of this study was to assess in vitro and in vivo the potential cooperative effects of KLD in reducing gut inflammation. Colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines, CACO2 and HT29, and C57BL/6 mice were used for in vitro and in vivo analyses, respectively. Cells were exposed to cytomix (interferon gamma + tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a)) to induce inflammation or co-exposed to cytomix and KO, LR and VitD3 alone or to cytomix and KLD. Animals were treated for 7 days with dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) to induce colitis or with DSS and KLD. In vitro assays: F-actin expression was analysed by immunofluorescence; scratch test and trans-epithelial electric resistance test were performed to measure wound healing; adhesion/invasion assays of adhesive and invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) bacteria were made; mRNA expression of TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-8 and vitamin D receptor (VDR) was detected by quantitative PCR. In vivo assays: body weight, clinical score, histological score and large intestine weight and length were estimated; mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-10 by quantitative PCR; VDR expression was detected by quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. In vitro: KLD restores epithelial cell-cell adhesion and mucosal healing during inflammation, while decreases the adhesiveness and invasiveness of AIEC bacteria and TNF-α and IL-8 mRNA expression and increases VDR expression. In vivo: KLD significantly improves body weight, clinical score, histological score and large intestine length of mice with DSS-induced colitis and reduces TNF-α, IL-1ß and IL-6 mRNA levels, while increases IL-10 mRNA and VDR levels. KLD has significant effects on the intestinal mucosa, strongly decreasing inflammation, increasing epithelial restitution and reducing pathogenicity of harmful commensal bacteria. © 2018 Wageningen Academic Publishers
Neural Correlates of Esophageal Speech: An fMRI Pilot Study
No full textObjectives: The esophageal speech is one of the possible alaryngeal voices resulting after total laryngectomy. Its production is made by the regurgitation of the air coming from the esophagus, sonorized through the passage from the walls of the upper esophageal sphincter. The neural correlates of this voice have never been investigated, while the neural control of laryngeal voice has been already documented by different studies. Methods: Four patients using esophageal speech after total laryngectomy and four healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging. The fMRI experiment was carried out using a “Block Design Paradigm.” Results: Comparison of the phonation task in the two groups revealed higher brain activities in the cingulate gyrus, the cerebellum and the medulla as well as lower brain activities in the precentral gyrus, the inferior and middle frontal gyrus and the superior temporal gyrus in the laryngectomized group. Conclusions: The findings in this pilot study provide insight into neural phonation control in laryngectomized patients with esophageal speech. The imaging results demonstrated that in patients with esophageal speech, altered brain activities can be observed. The adaptive changes in the brain following laryngectomy reflect the changes in the body and in the voice modality. In addition, this pilot study establishes that a blocked design fMRI is sensitive enough to define a neural network associated with esophageal voice and lays the foundation for further studies in this field
La Sopravvenienza del mentale sul fisico: riflessioni sul problema mente-corpo e il ruolo delle proprietà mentali
No full textMy work is on the mind-body problem and the notion of supervenience, according to which mental properties supervene on physical properties, that is there cannot be a change in a mental property without any change occurring in some physical property.The work gives an overview of those few philosophers who gave a contribution to the understanding of supervenience, in particular D. Davidson, J. Kim, H. Putnam and S. White.Davidson supported a “weak” form of supervenience, according to which the relation between the mental characteristics supervening on the physical ones does not ontologically hold in all possible worlds. A part of the work is devoted to the illustration of this view, highlighting its major weaknesses in the wake of Kim’s criticism.Then comes an analysis of Kim’s thought and is “strong” version of supervenience based on a “functional reduction”, according to which supervenient properties are causally efficacious if and only if they are functionally reducible to properties antecedently accepted as causally efficacious.Of the many assessments of Kim's view I found interesting the one given by Putnam. Therefore, a chapter is devoted to the examination of Putnam’s criticism of Kim and Putnam's notion of “global supervenience”, according to which human capabilities supervene on the states of the physical universe.The dissertation ends with an illustration of White’s view on the question, which seems to draw a plausible moral from the entire discussion on supervenience
Il canale Cavour e gli utenti delle acque di Sesia : lettera di Carlo Negroni vice presidente del Comizio agrario di Novara al comm. d. Alessandro Pernati senatore del Regno.
No full textImprint from title page verso.626N31o bound with: Negroni, Carlo. Sopra i consorzii per le irrigazioni. Novara : Tip. Miglio, 1872.Mode of access: Internet
Enrichment of PCB dechlorinators from sediments of the Venice lagoon
No full textReductive dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) has been shown to occur in contaminated marine sediments of the Venice Lagoon suspended in water coming from the same site. Aim of this work is to enrich the PCB dechlorinating population under such conditions. Native microflora was sub-cultured 5 times in the presence of exogenous PCBs (5 spiked coplanar PCBs and then Aroclor 1254) and decreasing amounts of sterile sediment. Increasing PCB-dechlorination rates were observed throughout subculturing. The culture resulting from the last transfer displayed a marked activity towards Aroclor 1254. The addition of H2 and short chain organic acids increased sulfate-reducing and methanogenic activities but did not affect the dechlorination process. However, when the same agents were applied together with vancomycin or ampicillin, remarkable and comparable increases in the dechlorination rates were detected. These findings seem to rule out sulfate-reducing and methanogenic bacteria as dechlorinators and suggest that Dehalococcoides-like bacteria, known dehalogenators resistant to the applied antibiotics, could be involved in PCB dechlorination in sediments of the Venice Lagoon
PCB reductive dehalogenation in sediments of venice lagoon: preliminary characterization of the dechlorinating microflora
No full textIt has been documented that PCBs might undergo in situ microbial dechlorination in a wide variety of anaerobic freshwater sediments mostly under methanogenic conditions, although recent studies have shown a possible role of Dehalococcoides-like microrganisms in the process. Recently, we demonstrated the occurrence of microbial-mediated reductive dechlorination processes towards weathered PCBs in marine sediments of the Porto Marghera area of Venice lagoon. The process is a) directed towards meta- and para-chlorines of PCB molecule, b) not primed by the addition of exogenous PCBs, and c) apparently mediated by indigenous sulfate-reducing spore-forming bacteria. To gain deeper insights on the latter finding, native microflora was sub-cultured 5 times in the presence of exogenous PCBs (5 spiked coplanar PCBs and then Aroclor 1254) and decreasing amounts of sterile sediment. Increasing PCB-dechlorination rate along with remarkable increases in sulfate-reduction and a progressive decline in methanogenic activity were observed throughout subculturing. The culture resulting from the last transfer displayed a marked activity towards Aroclor 1254. The addition of H2 and short chain organic acids did not affect the process. However, when the same agents were applied together with vancomycin or ampicillin, higher dechlorination rates and extents were observed. This finding seems to suggest that Dehalococcoides-like bacteria are also involved in PCB dechlorination, even though sulfate-reducing bacteria cannot be excluded. Molecular analysis of the cultures, currently in progress, will allow to have a deeper insight on PCB dechlorinating populations occurring in Venice lagoon sediments
Enrichment of PCB dechlorinating bacteria from marine sediments of Venice lagoon under geochemical conditions that mime those occurring in situ.
No full textReductive dechlorination of PCBs has been reported in a number of slurry and sediment-free cultures from freshwater habitats established with defined mineral media, and was recently ascribed to bacteria of a dechlorinating clade within the phylum Chloroflexi. In this work, we enriched and characterized the PCB dechlorinating microbial population from a contaminated marine sediment suspended in its own site water. The enriched cultures were capable of rapidly and extensively dechlorinating the commercial mixture of PCBs Aroclor 1254 at the meta and para positions according to the dechlorination pattern H’. PCR-DGGE and quantitative PCR analyses on 16S rRNA genes revealed that a single Chloroflexi phylotype having 100% sequence identity with bacterium m-1 was enriched
Open Architectural Competition of Art Museum of Estonia
No full textThis is the result of the Open International Competition of Art Museum of Estonia in Tallin. The author's project named with the motto: "the young linda"
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