1,720,955 research outputs found
A one-pot synthesis of 1-substituted cyclic phosphine sulfides by simultaneous addition of bis- and mono-grignard reagents to a new efficient phosphorus donating reagent
No full textThe synthesis of the reported cyclic phosphine sulfides (4, 5, 6) is carried out in good yields in a one-pot reaction with simultaneous addition of the three reagents (1, BrMgCH2(CH2)(n)CH2MgBr, RMgBr) and final treatment with sulfur. The new phosphorus donating reagent benzothiadiphosphole 1 is an inexpensive, facile to prepare, and air-insensitive solid
PCl3 mediated cyclization: Synthesis, at room temperature, of N-alkenyl derivatives of 1,4-phthalazinedione
No full textThe use of a PCl3/hydrazone/dicarboxylic acid combination can be applied in an efficient one-pot procedure for the synthesis at room temperature of the title ring compounds that are also a new family of stable enamines. The phthalazinediones 7 were obtained in good yields by reaction of PCl3 with phthalic acid and hydrazones 1a,b,c containing hydrogen atoms only in one a position. Two structurally isomeric phthalazinediones (7 and 8) were obtained with hydrazones 1d,e,f,g containing hydrogen atoms in the two different a positions. When we used a methyl ketone hydrazone 1c,d,e,f,i, it was possible also to isolate the isomer containing an N-alkenyl group with two terminal hydrogen atoms. Where E,Z isomers are possible, the exclusive formation of the E isomer was always observed. As a rule, changing the order of addition of reagents gave almost identical results; however, in the case of phthalic acid, it is better to use the procedure in which PCl3 is added last to prevent the formation of the corresponding anhydride. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc
PCl3-mediated cyclization: Synthesis at room temperature of N-alkenyl derivatives of perhydro-1,4,5-oxa(and thia)diazepine-3,6-dione and of 6,7-diazaspiro[3.4]octane-5,8-dione
No full textThe use of the PCl3/hydrazone/dicarboxylic acid combination can be applied in an efficient one-pot procedure for the synthesis at room temperature of the seven-membered ring compounds, 6 (perhydro-1,4,5-oxadiazepine-3,6-diones) and 7 (perhydro-1,4,5-thiadiazepine-3,6-diones), and of the first reported derivatives of the heterocycle 6,7-diazaspiro[3.4]octane-5,8-dione 8. Compounds 6 and 1, containing an N-alkenyl group, were obtained in good yields using diglycolic and thiadiglycolic acids with PCl3 and methylhydrazone 1, with use of a high concentration (0.5 M) of the reagents. N-alkenyl derivatives 8 were obtained in the same manner using 1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid. Changing the order of addition of the reagents gave almost identical results. In the case in which the exocyclic double bond can give E,Z-isomers, the exclusive or prevalent formation of the E-isomer was always observed. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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