1,721,285 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Subcritical dechlorination process for iron archaeological artefacts conservation. Physical and chemical characterizations of transformed systems
No full textLes systèmes de corrosion du mobilier archéologique ferreux sous-marin et terrestre présentent des phases réactives et chlorurées. Leurs transformations au contact de l'air impliquent des dégradations majeures de l'objet en sortie de fouilles. Afin d'extraire le chlore en conservant l'intégrité des objets, des processus de stabilisation sont utilisés. Le traitement subcritique (NaOH, 180°C, 35 bars) accélère la déchloruration. Pour comprendre les transformations physico-chimiques induites un corpus d'objets archéologiques est étudié avant et après traitement par des techniques d'analyses complémentaires. La description multi-échelles de faciès de corrosion hétérogènes et complexes montre que la phase formée en milieu subcritique, dépend du degré d'oxydation de la phase d'origine. L'étude de systèmes modèles (oxyhydroxydes de fer synthétiques et archéologiques) montre que les tailles et formes de particules, les surfaces spécifiques, la composition chimique influencent leurs réactivités. Par ailleurs l'application d'une rampe de chauffe progressive conduit à un mélange goethite/hématite en-dessous de 150°C et d'hématite au-delà. L'étude de l'akaganéite, au taux de chlore variable, à différentes étapes de sa transformation, montre que le chlore adsorbé et une partie du chlore de structure est tout d'abord retiré. Ce phénomène, ajouté à une déshydroxylation sous l'effet de la température conduit dans un second temps, à la dissolution de la phase. Ces résultats permettent d'identifier la nature des transformations de phases et de proposer des mécanismes en vue d'améliorer les protocoles de stabilisation subcritique selon le type d'objet archéologique.Iron archaeological artefacts from submarine and terrestrial origins have developed reactive and chlorinated corrosion systems. After excavation, their transformations in contact with air involve severe damages to the artefacts. In order to extract the chlorine and to maintain the artefacts’ integrity, stabilization processes are used. The subcritical treatment (NaOH, 180°C, 35 bars) accelerates the dechlorination process. Several artefacts are studied before and after treatment with subcritical techniques. The multi-scale description of heterogeneous and complex corrosion system shows that the phase precipitation in subcritical conditions depends on the precursor chemistry. The study of model systems (synthetic and archaeological iron oxyhydroxides) shows that particle sizes and shapes, specific surface area, chemical composition change their reactivity. The application of a heating ramp leads to the precipitation of goethite/hematite below 150°C and hematite above. The study of akaganeite at various stages of its treatment shows that the adsorbed chlorides and part of the structure ones are first removed. Then, a dehydroxylation under the effect of temperature leads to the phase dissolution. These results allowed to identify the nature of phase transformations and to propose mechanisms in order to improve stabilization protocols of archaeological artefacts by subcritical treatment
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Multivariate and multibloc analysis of hyperspectral images in order to predict long term corrosion : application to atmospheric corrosion of historical iron alloys
No full textCe travail consiste en le développement d'une méthodologie pour comprendre les mécanismes de corrosion atmosphérique du fer sur le long terme à l'aide d'outils chimiométriques. Les données structurales et de composition élémentaire sont acquises par microspectrométrie Raman et Microscopie Electronique à Balayage couplée à la Spectroscopie en Dispersion d'Energie (MEB-EDS) sur deux échantillons provenant de barres de fer des cathédrales d'Amiens et de Metz. Ces deux jeux de données sont couplés puis étudiés selon différentes approches multiblocs. La première partie de ce projet étudie les données spectrales couplées pour préserver le maximum d'information des acquisitions et la deuxième étudie les mêmes données réduites en nombre de variables pour en simplifier l'étude. Ces deux approchent convergent vers une même conclusion : des éléments mineurs sont présents au sein de certaines phases cristallines de corrosion, notamment la ferrihydrite qui est associée au silicium, au phosphore et au potassium. Ceci peut à terme influencer les propriétés physicochimiques des phases présentes dans les couches de produits de corrosion et modifier les vitesses de corrosion.This work aims to develop a methodology in order to understand atmospheric long term corrosion mechanism with chemometric tools on iron materials. Structural and elementary data are acquired with Raman microspectrometry and Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled to Energy Dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) on two samples, one extracted from Amiens’ cathedral and one from Metz’s cathedral. These two datasets are coupled together then studied with several multibloc approaches. The first studies spectral data in order to avoid information loss and the second use the same reduced data in order to simplify the study. These two approaches give same results which leads to: minor elements are colocalized with some crystalline phases. For example, ferrihydrite is colocalized with minor elements (silicon, phosphorus and potassium). This can influence crystalline phase’s physicochimico reactivity properties in corrosion product layer and the corrosion rate
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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