1,720,958 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Molekulare Charakterisierung von Virulenzfaktoren der gastrointestinalen Pathogene Helicobacter pylori und Campylobacter jejuni
Get PDFThe gastrointestinal pathogens Helicobacter pylori and Campylobacter jejuni are both associated with severe diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and are therefore responsible for several thousand deaths per year. An exact understanding of the respective infection pathways and the virulence factors involved in them is therefore extremely important for the control of these pathogens.
The aim of my work was therefore to examine these infection routes in more detail. In the first part of my work, I used the LigandTracer system to demonstrate the interaction between the H. pylori membrane protein HopQ and the CEACAM1 receptors under real-time conditions. HopQ was thus confirmed as a new important virulence factor of H. pylori. The CEACAM1-4L and CEACAM1-4S receptors bind equally well to HopQ.
In the second part of my work, I was able to identify a number of H. pylori proteins as interaction partners of the Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) by means of real-time measurements with the LigandTracer. They are the first known H. pylori proteins that bind to TLR5. This refutes previous findings in the literature that H. pylori does not interact with TLR5. In addition, I was able to use TLR5 deletion constructs to identify the TLR5 domains that are important for H. pylori binding. The H. pylori relevant TLR5 domains appear to be those that normally recognize the flagella of other bacterial species.
In the third part of my work, I quantified the amount of the serine protease HtrA secreted by H. pylori and C. jejuni by utilizing quantitative Western Blot. The two types of bacteria show different secretion patterns. Thus, in liquid culture, H. pylori secretes constantly about 9,000 HtrA molecules per bacterium over time. In the presence of eukaryotic host cells, the secreted amount is also constant but only about half the amount secreted in liquid culture. For C. jejuni, on the other hand, over the course of the measurement, a decrease in the average amount of HtrA secreted per bacterium from about 4,000 to 5,000 molecules to about 1,500 to 2,500 molecules was detected. In the presence of host cells, however, the initial value per C. jejuni bacterium is higher, but then drops to a similar level as in liquid culture. Knowledge of the exact number of HtrA secreted per bacterium can be given via the secretory pathway and it can help in the development of HtrA inhibitors.Die gastrointestinalen Pathogene Helicobacter pylori und Campylobacter jejuni werden beide mit schweren Erkrankungen des Magen-Darm-Traktes assoziiert und sind somit ursächlich für mehrere Tausend Tote pro Jahr verantwortlich. Ein genaues Verständnis der jeweiligen Infektionswege und der darin involvierten Virulenzfaktoren ist deshalb extrem wichtig für die Bekämpfung dieser Pathogene. Ziel meiner Arbeit war es deshalb, diese Infektionswege näher zu untersuchen. Im ersten Teil meiner Arbeit habe ich das LigandTracer-System genutzt, um erstmals die Interaktion zwischen dem H. pylori Adhäsin HopQ und den CEACAM1 Rezeptoren unter Echtzeitbedingungen nachzuweisen. HopQ wurde dadurch als neuer wichtiger Virulenzfaktor von H. pylori bestätigt. Dabei werden laut meinen Messungen die CEACAM1-4L- und CEACAM1-4S-Rezeptoren gleich stark von HopQ gebunden.
Im zweiten Teil meiner Arbeit konnte ich durch Echtzeitmessungen mit dem LigandTracer eine Reihe von H. pylori Proteinen als Interaktionspartner des Toll-like Rezeptor 5 (TLR5) identifizieren. Sie sind somit die ersten bekannten H. pylori Proteine, die an TLR5 binden. Dies widerlegt die bisherigen Erkenntnisse in der Literatur, nach denen H. pylori nicht mit TLR5 interagiert. Mit Hilfe diverser TLR5-Deletionskonstrukte konnte ich darüber hinaus auch die für die Bindung von H. pylori wichtigen TLR5-Domänen eingrenzen. Dabei scheinen die für H. pylori relevanten TLR5-Domänen sich mit denjenigen zu decken, die normalerweise die Flagelle anderer Bakterienarten erkennen.
Im dritten Teil meiner Arbeit, war es mir mit Hilfe von quantitativen Western Blot Analysen möglich, mit der Serin Protease HtrA, erstmals die genaue Anzahl eines von H. pylori bzw. C. jejuni sekretierten Proteins zu bestimmen. Die beiden Bakterienarten zeigen dabei unterschiedliche Sekretionsmuster. So sekretiert H. pylori in Flüssigkultur durchschnittlich konstant etwa 9.000 HtrA-Moleküle pro Bakterium im Laufe der Zeit. In Gegenwart von eukaryotischen Wirtszellen ist die sekretierte Menge ebenfalls weiterhin konstant, aber nur noch etwa halb so hoch. Für C. jejuni hingegen wurde im Verlauf der Messung, eine Abnahme der im Durchschnitt pro Bakterium sekretierten HtrA-Menge von ca. 4.000 bis 5.000 Molekülen auf etwa 1500 bis 2500 Moleküle detektiert. In Gegenwart von Wirtszellen ist der Anfangswert pro C. jejuni-Bakterium jedoch höher, fällt dann aber auf ein ähnliches Niveau wie in Flüssigkultur ab. Das Wissen über die genaue Anzahl an pro Bakterium sekretierten HtrA kann neue Aufschlüsse über den Sekretionsweg geben und bei der Entwicklung von HtrA-Inhibitoren helfen
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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