323,394 research outputs found
L.S. Vygotsky: Reading Anew. Part 1.
No full textThe article dwells on the earlier period of Vygotsky’s works before the time when the principles of the Cultural Historic Theory were formulated. His report on the 2nd Psycho-Neurologic Congress in 1924 as well as some adjacent works including “The historical sense of psychological crisis” are considered by the author as key moments. If to compare Vygotsky’s approach with I.P. Pavlov’s theory of conditioned reflex, V.M. Bechterev’s reflexology and K.N. Kornilov’s reactology,from one side, and psychology, from the other, it reveals Vygotsky’s determination to restructure psychology on the objective basis. In his opinion this implies the turn of psychology to higher forms of human’s behavior, actually, to human activity. In these methodological changes of Vygotsky’s views one can trace certain relations of Vygotsky’s early works with P.Ya. Galperin’s theoretical survey on subject and method of psychology.</p
On the Carbon Kinetics in Martensite, relevance to Nanosegregation at Dislocations and Grain Boundaries
No full textThis short communication is devoted to the room temperature processes of diffusion and redistribution of dissolved carbon atoms in martensite to the nanosegregation regions at dislocations and grain boundaries. It is related to the DF7 contribution of M. Lavrskyi et al. on the carbon kinetics in martensite [1] and to the DF7 contribution of Yu. Nechaev on the compound-like nanosegregation at dislocations and grain boundaries in metallic materials
On the Carbon Kinetics in Martensite, relevance to Nanosegregation at Dislocations and Grain Boundaries
No full textThis short communication is devoted to the room temperature processes of diffusion and
redistribution of dissolved carbon atoms in martensite to the nanosegregation regions at
dislocations and grain boundaries. It is related to the DF7 contribution of M. Lavrskyi et al.
on the carbon kinetics in martensite [1] and to the DF7 contribution of Yu. Nechaev on the
compound-like nanosegregation at dislocations and grain boundaries in metallic materials
GLORIFICATION OF RUSSIAN CONSPIRATORS IN RUSSIAN AND EARLY SOVIET CINEMATOGRAPHY: THE IMAGE OF S. G. NECHAEV
No full textIn her Paper, Dunja Dogo aims to show how one specific historical character as well as radical revolutionist, S. G. Nechaev, was treated in «Дворец крепость» («The Palace and the Fortress», 1924)—the first Soviet full-length fictional films on Russian Populists and directed by A. V. Ivanovsky for the Leningrad State cinematographic production «Sevzapkino». The screenplay of this film was written by the prominent historian and man of letters P. E. Shchiogolev, who made use of newly available archival material for the purpose of featuring history for the masses.One key question shall guide Dogo's Paper: in this cinematic text, through which narrative devices were the stories of the recent revolutionary past reorganised and reinterpreted in relation to the projects predominating in the Soviet post-revolutionary present? </strong
On the Psychological Mechanism of Ontogenetic Development in the Context of Developmental and Educational Psychology
No full textAbstractThe article offers the author's view of the psychological mechanism for the development of a child. It is regarded as the process of ripening and resolving of fundamental contradictions between the child's system of relations and modes of activity acquired by him. Underlined by the author is the objective nature of ontogenetic development as well as the role of child's motivation as a driver of necessary transformations of the child's activity leading to his psychological growth. The similarities and differences between the author's approach and that of D. B. Elkonin are precisely traced. The author’ arguments are supported by a lot of evidence from the theory and practice of developmental and educational psychology with special focus on the role of social institutions
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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No full textCan archives of audiovisual TV interviews be used to make authors more visible to students, and thereby reduce the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers in college classes? We examined students in a college course who learned about one scholar's ideas through watching an audiovisual TV interview (i.e., visible author format) and about another scholar's ideas through reading a formal text description (i.e., invisible author format). For the invisible author, native language speakers scored significantly higher than the non-native language speakers on a corresponding exam question (i.e., a cognitive measure), generated more words on the exam question (i.e., a motivational measure), and mentioned the author's name more often in answering the exam question (i.e., an affective measure). For the visible author, the groups did not differ on any of these measures. These findings provide evidence for the idea that making the author visible through audiovisual TV interviews can eliminate the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers. 3 Universities around the world serve students who are non-native speakers of th
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