130,804 research outputs found
Frédérique Neau-Dufour, Yvonne de Gaulle
No full textComme le rappelle Frédérique Neau-Dufour dès la première ligne de la biographie qu’elle consacre à l’épouse du général de Gaulle, « dans les mémoires, Yvonne de Gaulle est demeurée un personnage falot ». L’image qui vient spontanément à l’esprit est celle de la femme du président de la République, en retrait de son grand homme de mari. Une image tronquée et simplifiée qui, malgré l’effacement et la discrétion volontaire de l’intéressée, ne rend pas compte de cette personnalité peu prolixe, d..
A Streptomyces sp. NEAU-HV9: Isolation, Identification, and Potential as a Biocontrol Agent against Ralstonia solanacearum of Tomato Plants
No full textRalstonia solanacearum is an important soil-borne bacterial plant pathogen. In this study, an actinomycete strain named NEAU-HV9 that showed strong antibacterial activity against Ralstonia solanacearum was isolated from soil using an in vitro screening technique. Based on physiological and morphological characteristics and 98.90% of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Streptomyces panaciradicis 1MR-8T, the strain was identified as a member of the genus Streptomyces. Tomato seedling and pot culture experiments showed that after pre-inoculation with the strain NEAU-HV9, the disease occurrence of tomato seedlings was effectively prevented for R. solanacearum. Then, a bioactivity-guided approach was employed to isolate and determine the chemical identity of bioactive constituents with antibacterial activity from strain NEAU-HV9. The structure of the antibacterial metabolite was determined as actinomycin D on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first report that actinomycin D has strong antibacterial activity against R. solanacearum with a MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of 0.6 mg L−1 (0.48 μmol L−1). The in vivo antibacterial activity experiment showed that actinomycin D possessed significant preventive efficacy against R. solanacearum in tomato seedlings. Thus, strain NEAU-HV9 could be used as BCA (biological control agent) against R. solanacearum, and actinomycin D might be a promising candidate for a new antibacterial agent against R. solanacearum
Central Station power switching characteristics
No full textThis ATM summarizes the conditions which led to the ALSEP Central Station Discrepancy Report AA 7344 and analyzes the results of trouble shooting steps performed to isolate and define the anomaly. Recommendations are made regarding proper operational procedures.prepared by D. Douthat, O. Neau, W. Tosh
Histoire des souffrances du sieur Elie Neau, sur les galères, et dans les cachots de Marseille, Édition et présentation de Didier Poton et Bertrand Van Ruymbeke
No full textElie Neau, marin français naturalisé anglais et condamné aux galères (1693-1698), est l’un des 1551 « galériens pour la foi », c’est-à-dire des forçats protestants des années 1680-1748. Il est connu par l’Histoire abbreggee des soufrances du sieur Elie Neau, sur les galères, et dans les cachots de Marseille, Rotterdam, 1701, dont voici une belle réédition. L’ouvrage s’ouvre par une très riche introduction. Celle-ci analyse tout d’abord la spécificité éditoriale de l’ouvrage publié du vivant d..
Data_Sheet_1_Dimeric Pimprinine Alkaloids From Soil-Derived Streptomyces sp. NEAU-C99.PDF
No full textSix new pimprinine alkaloids (1–6), including four dimers, dipimprinines A–D (1–4), and two monomers, (±)-Pimprinol D (5), and pimprinone A (6), along with six known congeners (7–12), were isolated from a soil-derived actinomycete Streptomyces sp. NEAU-C99. Structures of the new compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses, single-crystal X-ray diffractions, and ECD calculations. Dipimprinines A–D (1–4) showed weak cytotoxic activities against five tumor cell lines, including HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7, and SW-480, with IC50 values ranging from 12.7 to 30.7 μM.</p
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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