24 research outputs found
Numerical prediction and mitigation of slugging problems in deepwater pipeline-riser systems
No full textSlugging involves pressure and flowrate fluctuations and poses a major threat to
optimising oil production from deepwater reserves. Typical production loss could be as
high as 50%, affecting the ability to meet growing energy demand.
This work is based on numerical simulation using OLGA (OiL and GAs) a one-
dimensional and two-fluid equations based commercial tool for the simulation and
analysis of a typical field case study in West Africa. Numerical model was adopted for
the field case. Based on the field report, Flow Loop X1 consisted of well X1 and well X2,
(where X1 is the well at the inlet and X2 is the well connected from the manifold (MF)).
Slugging was experienced at Flow Loop X1 at 3000 BoPD; 4MMScf/D and 3%W/C. This
study investigated the conditions causing the slugging and the liquid and gas phase
behaviour at the period slugging occurred.
The simulation work involved modelling the boundary conditions (heat transfer, ambient
temperature, mass flowrate e.t.c). Also critical was the modelling of the piping diameter,
pipe length, wall thickness and wall type material to reflect the field geometry.
Work on flow regime transition chart showed that slugging became more significant from
30% water-cut, especially at the riser base for a downward inclined flow on the pipeline-
riser system.
Studies on diameter effect showed that increasing diameter from 8” – 32” gave rise to a
drop in Usg (superficial velocity gas) and possible accumulation of liquids on the riser-
base position and hence a tendency for slugging formation. Depth effect study showed
that increasing depth gave rise to increasing pressure fluctuation, especially at the riser-
base.
Studies on the Self-Lift slug mitigation approach showed that reducing the internal
diameter of the Self-lift by-pass pipe was effective in mitigating slug flow.
S3 (Slug suppression system) was also investigated for deepwater scenario, with the
results indicating a production benefit of 12.5%.
In summary, the work done identified water-cut region where pipeline-riser systems
become more susceptible to slugging. Also, two key up-coming slug mitigation strategies
were studied and their performance evaluated in-view of production enhancement
Intra-Party Crisis in Nigeria: A Study of the 2022 All Progressives Congress Primaries in Abia Central Senatorial Zone
No full textThis study focused on intra-party crisis in Nigeria with emphasis on the 2022 All Progressive Congress (APC) primaries for Abia Central Senatorial Zone. The increasing cases of intra-party crisis in Nigeria have remained a threat to the sustenance of democracy. Two hypotheses were evaluated and the study relied on the Structural Functionalist theory as a framework of analysis. The study used secondary data and adopted a survey research design, using questionnaires as an instrument of data collection. Data was collected from the sample size of 244 All Progressives Congress (APC) members randomly chosen from the population of 624 All Progressives Congress (APC) executives from the 52 wards in Abia Central Senatorial Zone. Responses were presented in tables and hypotheses were tested using a 5-point Likert scale. The findings revealed that intra-party crises have a significant effect on the performance of political parties in elections and poor implementation of the party constitution and Electoral Act are all enablers of intra-party crises in Nigeria political parties. The study concludes that political parties remain an important institution for any democracy to succeed and the continuous cases of intra-party crises have constrained political parties to contribute towards the consolidation of democracy in Nigeria. Thus, if Nigeria’s political parties must help deepen Nigeria’s democracy, internal party democracy should be promoted, issues leading to factionalization addressed and the dictates of the party constitution and Electoral Act should not be compromised
PROTESTS AND THE CHALLENGE OF ADDRESSING UNRESOLVED SOCIOECONOMIC AND POLITICAL ISSUES IN NIGERIA’S 2024 “END BAD GOVERNMENT” MOVEMENT
No full textNations exist because of the people, and the people make democracies endearing. Public protest has remained a basic right and important activity in a democracy. Over the years, Nigeria has faced numerous environmental, political, and socio-economic problems begging for attention and answers. The government seems unperturbed about finding lasting solutions to these challenges as the political leadership is more concerned with capturing and holding on to power. In the long run, the people have resort to protests demanding solutions to these recurring societal challenges. This study interrogated protests and the challenge of addressing unresolved socioeconomic and political issues in Nigeria’s 2024 “End Bad Government” Movement. The study adopted David Easton’s System theory as a theoretical framework for analysis and the secondary method of data analysis. Thus, the study examined whether bad leadership and unresponsive governance result in protests in Nigeria, and whether suppression of dissenting voices results in protests in Nigeria. The findings revealed that bad leadership, infringement on rights and inability to access basic social amenities, among others, have often resulted in protests in Nigeria. Also, insensitive leadership significantly affected protests, and in most cases, affects government policies. The study concludes that protests have ignited conversations about governance, accountability, and human rights in Nigeria. The “End bad government” protest also created awareness of social issues, activated civic activism necessitated by political consciousness and engagement, leading to policy reforms. As such, comprehensive reforms, when put in place to ensure that rights are protected, the well-being and welfare of the people are realized, and basic social amenities are accessible, will surely prevent protests in Nigeria
Fudging the Numbers: Understanding the Politics and Dynamics of Population Census Figures in Nigeria
No full textThe Policymakers use population census as a reference for efficient social mobilisation, economic planning, and overall national development. However, its manipulation and politicisation have the negative impact of inadequate planning, which obstructs actual advancement. Ascertaining Nigeria's population has been a complex endeavour with its controversies since 1866, and as such has been based on conjectures rather than precise enumeration and valid data presentation. This study employed a qualitative research methodology, thus highlighting the controversies surrounding Nigeria’s census exercise over years and how this affects economic and development planning. The study made the case that the British colonial government intentionally favoured the then Northern region throughout Nigeria's history of population census manipulation for ostensibly ulterior purposes. It discovered that since the North has held political power for over thirty of Nigeria's sixty-four years of independence, successive federal governments that were, in a sense, controlled by Northerners have persisted in politicising and even weaponizing head counting in the country. The paper concluded that the manipulation and politicisation of population census figures in favour of the North vis-à-vis the South is a major impediment to national integration and development
Intra-Party Crisis and Democratic Consolidation: A Study of the 2022 Abia State Peoples Democratic Party Primaries
No full textThe correlation between the political party and political leadership recruitment in democracies has remained integral to any democracy. As such the continuous cases of intra-party crisis have been observed as a threat to the consolidation of democracy. This study focused on intra-party crisis and democratic consolidation in Nigeria with emphasis on the 2022 Peoples Democratic Party primaries in Abia State. Three research objectives, questions and three hypotheses were formulated and used to explore the subject discussed. The study relied heavily on the proposition of the conflict theory by Karl Marx and Charles Wright Mills as the theoretical framework of analysis. The study was essentially qualitative and data were generated from secondary sources such as journals and textbooks. The findings revealed that lack of internal party democracy, elite-centred control of political parties, and poor implementation of party constitution and Electoral Act are all enablers of intra-party crisis in Nigeria’s political parties, and this impact adversely on the consolidation of democracy. The study recommended that if Nigeria’s political parties must help deepen Nigeria’s democracy, internal party democracy should be promoted, the masses should have a voice in the affairs of political parties, and the dictates of the party constitution and Electoral Act must not be compromised. The study concluded that political parties remain an important institution for any democracy to succeed and the continuous cases of intra-party crises have constrained political parties from contributing to the consolidation of democracy in Nigeria
Anti-malarial and Anti-bacterial properties of some selected species of Asteraceae family
No full textAbstract: Bioactive natural plants, including the Asteraceae family have several therapeutic effects and antimicrobial properties. They are used in different cultures across the world as alternative medicine for treatments of several ailments including prevalent malaria infection, wound healing, diabetes, anti-ulcerative, anti-bacterial, treatment of liver disease, accelerates blood clotting, relieves muscle cramps during menstruation and treatment of common colds. In this review, some selected species of the Asteraceae families such as Vernonia amygdolina, artemisia annua and ageratum conyzoides amongst others were evaluated for their anti-malarial and antimicrobial properties. Major and minor bioactive chemical ingredients in each species were discussed, especially their chemical structures and inherent functional groups.
This approach is intended to guide future research on drug development and drug discovery. This is especially important as we are set to finding lasting solution to multidrug resistance microbial infection and other life-threatening ailments, such as malaria, and cancer that confront our daily lives. Asteraceae family in general can be used as safe preservatives and food additives to improve the health role of food. This is attributed to their good flavor, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effect.
Keywords: Bioactive plants; Asteraceae; therapeutic effects; antimicrobial effect; anti-malarial.
Title: Anti-malarial and Anti-bacterial properties of some selected species of Asteraceae family
Author: Shehu Isah, Theresa Uchechukwu, James Akande
International Journal of Novel Research in Physics Chemistry & Mathematics
ISSN 2394-9651
Vol. 10, Issue 3, September 2023 - December 2023
Page No: 20-35
Novelty Journals
Website: www.noveltyjournals.com
Published Date: 18-September-2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8355499
Paper download Link (Source)
https://www.noveltyjournals.com/upload/paper/Anti-malarial%20and%20Anti-bacterial-18092023-5.pdfInternational Journal of Novel Research in Physics Chemistry & Mathematics, ISSN 2394-9651, Novelty Journals, Website: www.noveltyjournals.co
Disclosures of unethical practices: Framework for the promotion of whistle-blowing in Nigeria's corporate governance
No full textModern corporations are governed by policies established in conformity with legislation in the countries where they operate. Nevertheless, certain corporate decisions are oftentimes left to officials who engage in different kinds of unethical practices. One method of exposing immoral activities in corporations is through whistle-blowing. This paper, using the critical theory framework, evaluates the concept of whistle-blowing and how it can be used to prevent corporate misconducts in Nigeria. While the concept encourages ethical practices and helps in improving internal efficiency in corporations, its use in Nigeria is virtually non-existent. The paper argues that this is attributable to the absence of a comprehensive legislation on whistle-blowing, coupled with the dearth of strong institutions to protect whistleblowers. It suggests that Nigeria needs a comprehensive legal and institutional framework for the regulation of whistle-blowing, if it must enjoy the benefits derivable from it
Where are the mothers? Interrogating maternal mortality as a violation of the rights to life and health : a Nigerian and Ethiopian perspective
No full textA Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Law University of Pretoria, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Masters of Law (LLM in Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa). Prepared under the supervision of Dr. Salah Hammad, Faculty of Law, Addis Ababa University, AddisThesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa))--University of Pretoria, 2009.The author argues that maternal mortality can easily be avoided and that the right to health and life is as much a developmental issue as it is one of human rights. Focuses on the maternal mortality ratio and relevant laws protecting women’s right to life and health in Nigeria and Ethiopia.http://www.chr.up.ac.za/Centre for Human RightsLL
The (Un)Constitutional Appropriation and Expenditure of Public Funds in Nigeria: Analysing the “Security Vote” Paradigm through the Law
No full textAbstractSecurity challenges have continued to trouble governments internationally. From the Islamic State terrorists in the Gulf region, to the murderous activities of Boko Haram and “herdsmen” in Nigeria in recent times, it has become imperative for those entrusted with maintaining security to redefine the conditions of national security. In this context, it is now conventional for various governments in Nigeria to appropriate enormous amounts of money in their budgets for “national security” (“tagged security vote”). This article explores the emergence, configuration, constitutionality and abuses of security votes in Nigeria. It also explores the appropriation and expenditure of security funds in the USA and attempts to draw lessons from this jurisdiction. It argues that there is a robust connection between security votes and corruption and, thus, attempts to identify legal structures for preventing the misspending and embezzlement of public funds (security votes) in the country's monetary appropriation and expenditure.</jats:p
Prevalence of Flat Foot among School-aged Children in a Nigerian Population
No full textABSTRACT
Background: A flatfoot deformity is a common foot deformity in children worldwide, with wide and varied. Prevalence estimates. This may predispose to a rigid deformity that may result in chronic foot pain, back, hip and knee pain requiring avoidable complex surgical procedures. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of flatfoot deformity in the study population using the method of footprint, and its relationship with age, sex, and body-mass index (BMI). Materials and Methods: The static footprints of 1758 primary school children, aged 5 to 13 years, were obtained using the ink method on a white duplicating paper from 8 randomly selected primary schools within the study area. Subjects included age-class matched 5 to 7 years who were in classes 1 and 2, 8 to 10 years who were in classes 3 and 4, and 11 to 13 years who were in classes 5 and 6. Weight and height were measured, and the BMI was calculated. The footprint was measured to classify the foot into normal and flatfoot. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: The prevalence of flatfoot deformity was 15.69% in this study with a male: female ratio of 1: 1.1. The prevalence of flatfoot deformity decreased with increasing age, which was significant at p=0.000. There was no significant association between flatfoot deformity and BMI, (p=0.820). Conclusion: Flat foot is a common foot deformity in the study population. Its prevalence decreases with age, and it occurs equally in both gender. BMI did not affect flatfoot
