1,720,958 research outputs found
Après-guerre et violence d'ex-combattants au Burundi
No full textBasé sur une analyse des récits de l’après-guerre au Burundi, cet article met en exergue une récurrence de la violence des ex-combattants. Il soutient que l’après-guerre ne va pas de pair avec le renoncement aux habitudes violentes d’autant plus que l’arrêt de la guerre est plus une décision politique qu’une réelle volonté de déposer les armes. L’article souligne aussi que la démobilisation découle plus de la désillusion et du désenchantement par rapport à la vie combattante et/ou à la carrière militaire que d’un véritable abandon de la violence. Il met en évidence que l’après-guerre est plus une façon de dire qu’une réelle manière de vivre
La criminalité d'après-guerre des ex-combattants au Burundi : pour un abord psychologique de la dramatique processuelle en cause dans leur chef
No full textBased on an open experience, without exception, related to listening to all the protagonists of the drama involved in the Burundian conflict, this research has examined how torturers or alleged offenders in the context of Burundian conflict would have been victims themselves. It explores the issue of loss and bereavement among ex-combatants, involved in the post-war criminality in Burundi. In terms of methodology, we preferred to use a qualitative and clinical approach centered on ex-combatants. We conducted a series of interview focusing on the lived experience of ex-combatants and data mainly gathered from these testimonies constitutes the basis of psychological analysis of a phenomenon with strong socio-politico-legal connotation. Therefore, this study provide a concise description of the mourning suffered by the ex-combatants’ involved in post-war criminality, articulated into two axes. On one hand, results indicate that ex-combatants can experience very strong and lasting emotions related to consecutive losses during the pre-war period. The mourning in suffering gets complicated since the entry of ex-combatants in the fight armed until their exit. On the other hand, we observed a mourning process related to the conversion of ex-combatants into an ordinary habitant. Learn to live without weapons, the group’s force, the fighting spirit and/or the weapons’ profession is not necessary an easy task for them. Thus, it is especially in terms of recurrence of the fighting spirit and the self negative image of ex-combatants that may lead to their involvement in post-war criminality. Indeed, this is or neither one act new nor an entry in a new logic, only the contexts and circumstances has changed. But this evolution does not allow that the griefs in suffering that underlie this criminal involvement are resolved.Fondée sur une expérience ouverte, sans exclusive, de mise à l’écoute de tous les protagonistes du drame en cause dans le conflit burundais, cette recherche est un essai audacieux de comprendre en quoi les bourreaux ou les réputés criminels seraient victimes. C’est à ce titre que nous avons cherché à cerner la problématique du deuil en souffrance dans la dramatique processuelle en cause dans le chef des ex-combattants, réputés impliqués dans la criminalité d’après-guerre au Burundi. Pour ce faire, nous avons privilégié une approche qualitative et clinique centrée sur les ex-combattants. C'est en effet sur des témoignages de ces derniers, recueillis essentiellement lors des entretiens individuels de type qualitatif, que se base cette analyse psychologique d’un phénomène à forte connotation socio-politico-juridique. S’agissant alors du deuil en souffrance mis en cause dans l’implication criminelle d’après-guerre des ex-combattants, cette analyse permet de l’articuler en deux axes. D’une part, deux types de deuil en souffrance n’ont fait que se compliquer depuis l’entrée des ex-combattants dans la lutte armée jusqu'à leur sortie : c’est le deuil consécutif aux pertes d’avant-guerre et celui de l’émergence à la personne et au social. D’autre part, on observe les deuils en souffrance de la reconversion d’après-guerre des ex-combattants, notamment celui des armes, de la force groupale, de la combativité et/ou du métier des armes. Ainsi, c’est surtout en termes de récurrence de la combativité et de l’image négative de soi des ex-combattants que peut bien s’entendre leur implication criminelle d’après-guerre. En effet, ce n’est ni un agir nouveau, ni une inscription dans une logique nouvelle, seuls les contextes et les circonstances ont évolué. Mais cette évolution ne permet pas encore que les deuils en souffrance qui sous-tendent cette implication criminelle soient résolus.(PSYE - Sciences psychologiques et de l'éducation) -- UCL, 201
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dominante vindicative dans l'adhésion à la lutte armée au Burundi
No full text"Cet article analyse les raisons qui poussent les (ex)-combattants burundais à adhérer à la lutte armée dans un pays en proie à des violences politico-ethniques cyclique ayant dégénéré en une guerre civile. Basé sur une analyse narrative des récits d'(ex-)combattants, où les sentiments de vengeance sont récurrents, il soutient que la vengeance est sous-entendue et/ou sous-jacente aux différentes raisons de l'adhésion à la lutte armée. Inhérente à la violence du contexte socio-politique burundais, la vengeance est sous-entendue dans les mobiles idéologico-politiques de l'adhésion aux groupes rebelles, sous-jacente à l'adhésion professionnelle et sécuritaire aux forces armées régulières d'une part, et à la lutte armée elle-même d'autre part, lutte armée qui constitue un tremplin pour des règlements de compte intrafamiliaux et/ou interindividuels.
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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