15 research outputs found
Unsupervised author identification and characterization
No full textAuthor identification is a hot topic, especially in the Internet age. Following our previous work in which we proposed a novel approach to this problem, based on relational representations that take into account the structure of sentences, here we present a tool that computes and visualizes a numerical and graphical characterization of the authors/texts based on several linguistic features. This tool, that extends a previous language analysis tool, is the ideal complement to the author identification technique, that is based on a clustering procedure whose outcomes (i.e., the authors’ models) are not human-readable. Both approaches are unsupervised, which allows them to tackle problems to which other state-of-the-art systems are not applicable
Verification of description logic Knowledge and Action Bases
No full textWe introduce description logic (DL) Knowledge and Action Bases (KAB), a mechanism that provides both a semantically rich representation of the information on the domain of interest in terms of a DL KB and a set of actions to change such information over time, possibly introducing new objects. We resort to a variant of DL-Lite where UNA is not enforced and where equality between objects may be asserted and inferred. Actions are specified as sets of conditional effects, where conditions are based on epistemic queries over the KB (TBox and ABox), and effects are expressed in terms of new ABoxes. We address the verification of temporal properties expressed in a variant of first-order μ-calculus where a controlled form of quantification across states is allowed. Notably, we show decidability of verification, under a suitable restriction inspired by the notion of weak acyclicity in data exchange. © 2012 The Author(s)
Adding Constraint Tables to the DMN Standard: Preliminary Results
No full textsponsorship: This work is supported by the Flemish Agency for Innovation and Entrepreneurship, TETRA HBC.2017.0039 and R&D project HBC.2017.0417. M. Deryck and B. Aerts-Joint primary author. (Flemish Agency for Innovation and Entrepreneurship|TETRA HBC.2017.0039, HBC.2017.0417)status: Publishe
Aligning, Interoperating, and Co-executing Air Traffic Control Rules Across PSOA RuleML and IDP.
No full textsponsorship: The author of the Hellenic Civil Aviation Authority wants to thank his colleagues for discussions about the domain-expert knowledge. Any deficiencies are ours and we make this disclaimer: the described work constitutes an informative computational model of ATC regulations and is not intended for use in real aviation environments. The authors of KU Leuven are partially supported by the Flemish Agency for Innovation and Entrepreneurship (HBC.2017.0039). (Flemish Agency for Innovation and Entrepreneurship|HBC.2017.0039)status: Publishe
Reasoning Web: Logical Foundation of Knowledge Graph Construction and Query Answering
No full textThis volume contains some lecture notes of the 12th Reasoning Web Summer School (RW 2016), held in Aberdeen, UK, in September 2016.
In 2016, the theme of the school was "Logical Foundation of Knowledge Graph Construction and Query Answering". The notion of knowledge graph has become popular since Google started to use it to improve its search engine in 2012. Inspired by the success of Google, knowledge graphs are gaining momentum in the World Wide Web arena. Recent years have witnessed increasing industrial take-ups by other Internet giants, including Facebook's Open Graph and Microsoft's Satori.
The aim of the lecture note is to provide a logical foundation for constructing and querying knowledge graphs. Our journey starts from the introduction of Knowledge Graph as well as its history, and the construction of knowledge graphs by considering both explicit and implicit author intentions. The book will then cover various topics, including how to revise and reuse ontologies (schema of knowledge graphs) in a safe way, how to combine navigational queries with basic pattern matching queries for knowledge graph, how to setup a environment to do experiments on knowledge graphs, how to deal with inconsistencies and fuzziness in ontologies and knowledge graphs, and how to combine machine learning and machine reasoning for knowledge graphs
Change in carbon monoxide exposure among water pipe bar patrons
No full textIntroduction: Water pipe (also known as hookah ) smoking is increasing around the world, including the United States, where water pipe bars have sprung up rapidly around college campuses. Users are exposed to several toxicants, including carbon monoxide (CO). We evaluated change in exhaled CO and estimated carboxyhemoglobin levels among water pipe bar patrons in Tampa, FL. Methods: Exhaled breath samples were obtained immediately before entering and after leaving 6 water pipe bars in Tampa, FL to measure CO boost and factors affecting CO change. Demographics, cigarette use status, and characteristics of water pipe use during the bar visit also were assessed. Results: Among the sample of 166 participants, mean CO increased from 6.5 parts per million (p.p.m.) to 58.2 p.p.m. (a 795% relative boost; p \u3c .001). CO change was higher for patrons who were dual (water pipe plus cigarette) smokers compared with water pipe-only smokers, and significant factors of CO change were frequency of water pipe use, number of charcoals, number of tobacco bowls, and time spent in the bar (all p-values \u3c .05). Conclusion: U.S. water pipe bar patrons are exposed to considerable amounts of CO, which could put them at risk of acute illness and chronic heart and lung diseases. Environmental and policy controls are needed to curb this increasingly popular tobacco use method in the United States. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. All rights reserved
Digital 3D Exoscope is Safe and Effective in Surgery for Intradural Extramedullary Tumors: A Comparative Series
No full textBackground: Digital 3D exoscopes have been shown to be comparably safe and effective as surgical microscopes in complex microneurosurgical procedures. However, the results of exoscopic spinal tumor surgeries are scarce. The purpose of this study is to compare results of a transition from microscope to exoscope in surgeries for spinal intradural extramedullary tumors. Methods: We included all consecutive patients with intradural extramedullary spinal tumors operated on by the senior author during January 2016 to October 2023. The 3D exoscope was used in the latter half of the series from November 2020. We evaluated pre- and postoperative clinical findings, imaging studies, intra- and postoperative events, and analyzed surgical videos from the operations retrospectively. Results: We operated 35 patients (exoscope n = 19, microscope n = 16) for intradural extramedullary tumors (meningioma n = 18, schwannoma n = 12, other n = 5). Tumors in the cervical and thoracic spine were more common than in the lumbar region. The duration of surgery was slightly longer (median 220 vs. 185 minutes) in the exoscope group. However, the rate of gross total resection of the tumor was higher (81% vs. 67%) and the tumors more often located anteriorly to the spinal cord (42% vs. 13%) in the exoscope group. No major complications (i.e., permanent motor deficit or postoperative hematoma) occurred in either group. We saw postoperative gait improvement in 81% and 85% of the patients with preoperative deterioration of gait after exoscopic and microscopic surgeries, respectively. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that exoscope-assisted surgery for spinal intradural extramedullary tumors is comparable in safety and effectiveness to traditional microscopic surgery
Reasoning Web: Logical Foundation of Knowledge Graph Construction and Query Answering: 12th International Summer School 2016, Aberdeen, UK, September 5-9, 2016, Tutorial Lectures
No full textThis volume contains some lecture notes of the 12th Reasoning Web Summer School (RW 2016), held in Aberdeen, UK, in September 2016. In 2016, the theme of the school was “Logical Foundation of Knowledge Graph Construction and Query Answering”. The notion of knowledge graph has become popular since Google started to use it to improve its search engine in 2012. Inspired by the success of Google, knowledge graphs are gaining momentum in the World Wide Web arena. Recent years have witnessed increasing industrial take-ups by other Internet giants, including Facebook's Open Graph and Microsoft's Satori. The aim of the lecture note is to provide a logical foundation for constructing and querying knowledge graphs. Our journey starts from the introduction of Knowledge Graph as well as its history, and the construction of knowledge graphs by considering both explicit and implicit author intentions. The book will then cover various topics, including how to revise and reuse ontologies (schema of knowledge graphs) in a safe way, how to combine navigational queries with basic pattern matching queries for knowledge graph, how to setup a environment to do experiments on knowledge graphs, how to deal with inconsistencies and fuzziness in ontologies and knowledge graphs, and how to combine machine learning and machine reasoning for knowledge graphs
Digital 3D Exoscope is Safe and Effective in Surgery for Intradural Extramedullary Tumors : A Comparative Series
No full textBackground: Digital 3D exoscopes have been shown to be comparably safe and effective as surgical microscopes in complex microneurosurgical procedures. However, the results of exoscopic spinal tumor surgeries are scarce. The purpose of this study is to compare results of a transition from microscope to exoscope in surgeries for spinal intradural extramedullary tumors. Methods: We included all consecutive patients with intradural extramedullary spinal tumors operated on by the senior author during January 2016 to October 2023. The 3D exoscope was used in the latter half of the series from November 2020. We evaluated pre- and postoperative clinical findings, imaging studies, intra- and postoperative events, and analyzed surgical videos from the operations retrospectively. Results: We operated 35 patients (exoscope n = 19, microscope n = 16) for intradural extramedullary tumors (meningioma n = 18, schwannoma n = 12, other n = 5). Tumors in the cervical and thoracic spine were more common than in the lumbar region. The duration of surgery was slightly longer (median 220 vs. 185 minutes) in the exoscope group. However, the rate of gross total resection of the tumor was higher (81% vs. 67%) and the tumors more often located anteriorly to the spinal cord (42% vs. 13%) in the exoscope group. No major complications (i.e., permanent motor deficit or postoperative hematoma) occurred in either group. We saw postoperative gait improvement in 81% and 85% of the patients with preoperative deterioration of gait after exoscopic and microscopic surgeries, respectively. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that exoscope-assisted surgery for spinal intradural extramedullary tumors is comparable in safety and effectiveness to traditional microscopic surgery.Peer reviewe
NeuroBlu, an electronic health record (EHR) trusted research environment (TRE) to support mental healthcare analytics with real-world data
No full textPURPOSE: NeuroBlu is a real-world data (RWD) repository that contains deidentified electronic health record (EHR) data from US mental healthcare providers operating the MindLinc EHR system. NeuroBlu enables users to perform statistical analysis through a secure web-based interface. Structured data are available for sociodemographic characteristics, mental health service contacts, hospital admissions, International Classification of Diseases ICD-9/ICD-10 diagnosis, prescribed medications, family history of mental disorders, Clinical Global Impression—Severity and Improvement (CGI-S/CGI-I) and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). To further enhance the data set, natural language processing (NLP) tools have been applied to obtain mental state examination (MSE) and social/environmental data. This paper describes the development and implementation of NeuroBlu, the procedures to safeguard data integrity and security and how the data set supports the generation of real-world evidence (RWE) in mental health. PARTICIPANTS: As of 31 July 2021, 562 940 individuals (48.9% men) were present in the data set with a mean age of 33.4 years (SD: 18.4 years). The most frequently recorded diagnoses were substance use disorders (1 52 790 patients), major depressive disorder (1 29 120 patients) and anxiety disorders (1 03 923 patients). The median duration of follow-up was 7 months (IQR: 1.3 to 24.4 months). FINDINGS TO DATE: The data set has supported epidemiological studies demonstrating increased risk of psychiatric hospitalisation and reduced antidepressant treatment effectiveness among people with comorbid substance use disorders. It has also been used to develop data visualisation tools to support clinical decision-making, evaluate comparative effectiveness of medications, derive models to predict treatment response and develop NLP applications to obtain clinical information from unstructured EHR data. FUTURE PLANS: The NeuroBlu data set will be further analysed to better understand factors related to poor clinical outcome, treatment responsiveness and the development of predictive analytic tools that may be incorporated into the source EHR system to support real-time clinical decision-making in the delivery of mental healthcare services
