1,721,017 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms among disadvantaged adolescents: results from a population-based study in Bangladesh
No full textPROBLEM:
Few studies have examined the adolescents' depression in low-income countries and no research has yet been carried out in Bangladesh. This study estimated the prevalence of depressive symptoms and explored the associated factors and help seeking behavior among adolescents in Bangladesh.
METHODS:
Data originated from a cross section of 2,440 randomly selected boys and girls aged 13-19 years in a rural district and urban slums of Dhaka city, Bangladesh, during October-November 2012. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), a 21-item scale, measured the prevalence of depressive symptoms using a cut-off 16 or higher.
FINDINGS:
The prevalence of depressive symptoms among adolescents was 14%, with predominance in urban slums and among girls. Older age (15-19 years), poverty, and poor parental relation were found to be associated with depressive symptoms of both sexes; family history of depressive symptoms for boys; and reproductive illness and sexual abuse for girls. More than 80% of depressed adolescents sought no help.
CONCLUSIONS:
Adolescent depressive symptoms are common and largely undetected public health problem in Bangladesh. Policies aimed at concerted efforts for implementing a school-based counseling program with components of cognitive behavioral therapy and developing referral systems for those who scored at least 30 at BDI may ameliorate the potential harmful consequences of depressive symptoms in adolescents
Impact of parental perinatal depressive and anxiety symptoms on infant development and health: A cohort study in east and west coasts of Malaysia
No full textIn low- and middle-income countries, research on antepartum psychiatric morbidities investigating simultaneously both antepartum depressive and anxiety symptoms (ADS and AAS) in women and men is lacking. Prior evidence linking maternal ADS and AAS with adverse birth outcome and caesarean section (CS) or instrumental delivery is conflicting. There is no research on the association between maternal mental disorders and adverse birth outcomes and mode of delivery in Malaysia. This study estimated the prevalence of depressive, anxiety and co-morbid symptoms, explored their associated factors and investigated the independent effect of maternal ADS and AAS on newborn’s low birth weight (LBW), preterm birth (PTB) and CS or instrumental delivery among women in east and west coasts of Malaysia. A prospective cohort study of 911 women and 587 husbands was carried out 10 health clinics of two states in east and west coasts of Malaysia. Participants were recruited at the third trimester of pregnancy who were followed up at birth, 2–3 months and 6 months postpartum. Baseline data were measured at the third trimester of pregnancy on ADS, AAS, socioeconomic condition, anthropometric status, reproductive history and intimate partner violence. Birth outcomes and mode of delivery were determined at delivery. The validated Malay version of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and the anxiety scale of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale were used to measure depressive and anxiety symptoms. Multiple logistic regression analyses identified the determinants of antepartum depressive and anxiety symptoms (ADS and AAS) and multiple Cox’s regressions assessed the association between ADS and AAS and LBW, PTB and CS or instrumental delivery. The prevalence of ADS was 12.2% in women and 8.4% in men, AAS 28.8% in women and 13.3% in men, and comorbid symptoms 8.0% in women and 4.0% in men. Social/family support, stressful life events, intimate partner violence and poor relationship with husbands (women only), depression in earlier pregnancy, living in a rental house and sex preference for the unborn child (men only) were found to be associated with ADS. The determinants for AAS were unemployment, living with parents/in-laws, restrictions during pregnancy and poor relationship with husbands for women, and stressful life events for both women and men. ADS was significantly associated with an increased risk of giving birth to LBW babies in both east coast (RR = 3.64; 95% CI 1.79–7.40) and west coast (RR = 3.82; 95% CI 1.86–7.84), but not with PTB. AAS was associated with increased risk of both LBW (RR = 2.47; 95% CI 1.39–4.38) and PTB (RR = 2.49; 95% CI 1.16–5.36) in the east coast, but not in west coast. The risk of CS or instrumental delivery was evident among women with ADS (RR = 2.44; 95% CI 1.48–4.03) in west coast only. Likewise, maternal postpartum depressive symptoms predicted infant underweight and ADS predicted infant stunting. Therefore, policies aimed at detection and management of ADS and AAS during antenatal check-up in health clinics may help improve birth outcomes and reduce obstetric interventions. Administration of couple-based screening and referral programme during antenatal check-up should be universal practices to identify and treat the psychiatric morbidities
From research to policy and practice: evidence from Bangladesh
No full textPolicy makers in Bangladesh are looking for effective ways of using research evidence to support policy making and to build good practices in improving population health. However, effective translation has been slow and inconsistent across low-income countries particularly in Bangladesh, and such inconsistencies contribute
ubstantially to the suboptimal population health. This briefing looks at some of the wider issues about the relationship between research and policy raised by the three development programs in Bangladesh, such as improving maternal, neonatal and child survival; impact of maternal perinatal depression on infant growth and development; and HIV/AIDS prevention and care. Partnership approach, behavior change and engagement of population, service providers and stakeholder organizations have been identified as key elements in translating research evidence into policy, practice and population health in these projects. The briefing also discusses some possibilities and problems in what is coming to be known as ‘Knowledge Transfer’ from research to policy and practice, and reviews developments aimed at improving knowledge transfer in population health
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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