1,720,966 research outputs found
Valproate-induced thrombocytopenia: A prospective monotherapy study
No full textPurpose: The frequency of valproate (VPA)-induced thrombocytopenia varied widely in previous studies, due to methodological differences. Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between trough VPA plasma levels and platelet counts and assess risk factors for the development of thrombocytopenia. Methods: Patients with refractory partial epilepsy were enrolled in this double-blind, multicenter, concentration-response trial that evaluated the efficacy and safety of high versus low trough plasma VPA concentrations following administration of divalproex sodium as monotherapy. Trough VPA concentrations and concomitant platelet counts were drawn at baseline and intermittently throughout the 24-week trial. Bivariate correlations and multivariate stepwise regression analysis were performed between platelet counts and multiple variables. A logistic regression analysis was done to determine the probability of developing thrombocytopenia at various VPA levels. Results: A total of 851 VPA levels and concomitant platelet counts were analyzed in 265 patients. Of these, 17.7percent of patients experienced at least one episode of thrombocytopenia (platelet count ≤ 100,000-μl) after exposure to divalproex sodium. A significant negative correlation was found between VPA levels and platelet counts. Women were significantly more likely to develop thrombocytopenia. The probability of developing thrombocytopenia substantially increased at trough VPA levels above 100 μg-ml in women and above 130 μg-ml in men. Discussion: Our data strongly support a causal relationship between rising plasma VPA levels and reduced platelet counts, with additional risk factors including female gender and lower baseline platelet counts. © 2008 International League Against Epilepsy.Allarakhia IN, 1996, PEDIATR NEUROL, V14, P303, DOI 10.1016-0887-8994(96)00052-5; Anderson GD, 1997, J NEUROSURG, V87, P252, DOI 10.3171-jns.1997.87.2.0252; BARR RD, 1982, ARCH DIS CHILD, V57, P681; Beydoun A, 1997, NEUROLOGY, V48, P182; Conley EL, 2001, PHARMACOTHERAPY, V21, P1325, DOI 10.1592-phco.21.17.1325.34418; COULTER DL, 1980, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V244, P785; DELGADO MR, 1994, J CHILD NEUROL, V9, P311; GANICK DJ, 1990, AM J PEDIAT HEMATOL, V12, P80; GIDAL B, 1994, NEUROLOGY, V44, P1418; Hauser E, 1996, BRAIN DEV-JPN, V18, P105, DOI 10.1016-0387-7604(95)00139-5; HOFFMAN LM, 1982, CAN MED ASSOC J, V126, P358; KISHI T, 1994, ARCH DIS CHILD, V71, P153; LEVY RH, 1984, EPILEPSIA, V25, pS10, DOI 10.1111-j.1528-1157.1984.tb05631.x; LOISEAU P, 1975, EPILEPSIA, V16, P609, DOI 10.1111-j.1528-1157.1975.tb04743.x; LOISEAU P, 1981, EPILEPSIA, V22, P141, DOI 10.1111-j.1528-1157.1981.tb04094.x; MAY RB, 1993, EPILEPSIA, V34, P1098, DOI 10.1111-j.1528-1157.1993.tb02139.x; MORRIS N, 1981, CAN MED ASSOC J, V125, P63; NEOPHYTIDES AN, 1979, ANN NEUROL, V5, P389, DOI 10.1002-ana.410050414; Oluboka OJ, 2000, J AM GERIATR SOC, V48, P349; RAWORTH RE, 1978, LANCET, V1, P670; RICHARDSON SGN, 1976, BRIT MED J, V1, P221; ROBINSON D, 1995, J AM GERIATR SOC, V43, P198; SANDLER RM, 1978, BRIT MED J, V2, P1683; SCHOBBEN F, 1974, PHARM WEEKBLAD, V109, P30; TOHEN M, 1995, AM J PSYCHIAT, V152, P413; Trannel TJ, 2001, AM J PSYCHIAT, V158, P128, DOI 10.1176-appi.ajp.158.1.128; TURNBULL DM, 1983, ANN NEUROL, V14, P38, DOI 10.1002-ana.410140107; VAJDA F, 1976, TREATMENT EPILEPSY, P91; Verrotti A, 1999, PEDIATR NEUROL, V21, P611, DOI 10.1016-S0887-8994(99)00060-0; von Voss H, 1976, Br Med J, V2, P179; Warkentin TE, 2006, BLOOD, V108, P2937, DOI 10.1182-blood-2005-11-012450; WINFIELD DA, 1976, BRIT MED J, V2, P981; WULFF K, 1977, EPILEPSIA, V18, P149, DOI 10.1111-j.1528-1157.1977.tb04463.x; Wyngaarden J. B., 1992, CECIL TXB MED27272
Oxcarbazepine in neuropathic pain
No full textNeuropathic pain is a frequent condition that can result from a variety of underlying conditions and is frequently chronic and difficult to treat. A number of drugs are used to treat neuropathic pain, including anticonvulsants and antidepressants. Oxcarbazepine, a recently introduced antiepileptic drug, was found to possess antineuralgic properties in animal models of neuropathic pain. Several double-blind, placebo-controlled trials have evaluated oxcarbazepine in painful diabetic neuropathy and trigeminal neuralgia. There is good evidence that oxcarbazepine is effective in relieving the pain associated with trigeminal neuralgia. Its efficacy in treating painful diabetic neuropathy is less clear; however, it seems to be useful when tolerated at doses of 1800 mg-day. © 2007 Informa UK Ltd.ALTMAN DG, 1995, BRIT MED J, V311, P485; Backonja M, 1998, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V280, P1831, DOI 10.1001-jama.280.21.1831; Berger A, 2004, J PAIN, V5, P143, DOI 10.1016-j.jpain.2003.12.004; Beydoun A, 2000, NEUROLOGY, V54, P2245; Beydoun A, 2003, J PAIN SYMPTOM MANAG, V25, pS18, DOI 10.1016-S0885-3924(03)00066-6; Beydoun A, 2002, 21 AM PAIN SOC ANN M; Beydoun A, 2006, ACTA NEUROL SCAND, V113, P395, DOI 10.1111-j.1600-0404.2006.00631.x; Bialer M., 2002, ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS, P459; Bridges D, 2001, BRIT J ANAESTH, V87, P12, DOI 10.1093-bja-87.1.12; CALABRESI P, 1995, EPILEPSIA, V36, P990, DOI 10.1111-j.1528-1157.1995.tb00957.x; Campbell JN, 2006, NEURON, V52, P77, DOI 10.1016-j.neuron.2006.09.021; Carey TS, 1996, SPINE, V21, P339, DOI 10.1097-00007632-199602010-00018; Clark MR, 2000, J PSYCHOSOM RES, V48, P51, DOI 10.1016-S0022-3999(99)00076-8; Crawford P, 2002, CNS DRUGS, V16, P263, DOI 10.2165-00023210-200216040-00005; DAM M, 1989, EPILEPSY RES, V3, P70; DAVIES HTO, 1993, PAIN, V54, P341, DOI 10.1016-0304-3959(93)90035-N; DEVOR M, 1993, J NEUROSCI, V13, P1976; DEVOR M, 1991, BRIT MED BULL, V47, P619; Dogra S, 2005, EUR J PAIN, V9, P543, DOI 10.1016-j.ejpain.2004.11.006; DOUGHERTY PM, 1992, BRAIN RES, V570, P109, DOI 10.1016-0006-8993(92)90570-Y; Eisenberg E, 2001, NEUROLOGY, V57, P505; FARAGO F, 1987, EUR NEUROL, V26, P73, DOI 10.1159-000116315; Farrar JT, 2003, J PAIN SYMPTOM MANAG, V25, P406, DOI 10.1016-S0885-3924(03)00162-3; Flesch G, 2004, CLIN DRUG INVEST, V24, P185, DOI 10.2165-00044011-200424040-00001; Fox A, 2003, PAIN, V105, P355, DOI 10.1016-S0304-3959(03)00253-7; Galer BS, 2000, DIABETES RES CLIN PR, V47, P123, DOI 10.1016-S0168-8227(99)00112-6; Grosskopf J, 2006, ACTA NEUROL SCAND, V114, P177, DOI 10.1111-j.1600-0404.2005.00559.x; Harati Y, 1998, NEUROLOGY, V50, P1842; Ichikawa K, 2001, EUR J PHARMACOL, V420, P119, DOI 10.1016-S0014-2999(01)01007-X; Jang Y, 2005, ANESTH ANALG, V101, P800, DOI 10.1213-01.ane.0000167283.80463.d7; Karceski S, 2005, EPILEPSY BEHAV, V7, pS1, DOI 10.1016-j.yebeh.2005.06.001; KRAMER L, CLIN EXP REP CLIN DO; Kutluay E, 2003, EPILEPSY BEHAV, V4, P175, DOI 10.1016-S1525-5050(03)00037-4; Lesser H, 2004, NEUROLOGY, V63, P2104; LINDSTROM P, 1987, PAIN, V30, pS85, DOI 10.1016-0304-3959(87)91248-6; Loney PL, 1999, PHYS THER, V79, P384; Magenta P, 2005, NEUROL SCI, V26, P218, DOI 10.1007-s10072-005-0464-z; May TW, 2003, CLIN PHARMACOKINET, V42, P1023, DOI 10.2165-00003088-200342120-00002; MCLEAN MJ, 1994, EPILEPSIA, V35, pS5, DOI 10.1111-j.1528-1157.1994.tb05949.x; Meyer-Rosberg K, 2001, EUR J PAIN-LONDON, V5, P391, DOI 10.1053-eujp.2001.0260; *NOV PHARM CORP, 2000, TRIL PROD MON; PORTENOY RK, 1990, PAIN, V43, P273, DOI 10.1016-0304-3959(90)90025-9; Raskin J, 2005, PAIN MED, V6, P346, DOI 10.1111-j.1526-4637.2005.00061.x; REMILLARD G, 1994, EPILEPSIA, V35, pS28, DOI 10.1111-j.1528-1157.1994.tb05946.x; Rowbotham M, 1998, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V280, P1837, DOI 10.1001-jama.280.21.1837; Rowbotham MC, 2004, PAIN, V110, P697, DOI 10.1016-j.pain.2004.05.010; Sachdeo RC, 2002, ANN NEUROL, V51, P613, DOI 10.1002-ana.10190; SATO J, 1991, SCIENCE, V251, P1608, DOI 10.1126-science.2011742; Schmidt D, 2004, EPILEPSY BEHAV, V5, P627, DOI 10.1016-j.yebeh.2004.07.004; SCHMUTZ M, 1994, EPILEPSIA, V35, pS47, DOI 10.1111-j.1528-1157.1994.tb05967.x; Smith TE, 2000, HOSP MED, V61, P760; STEFANI A, 1995, EPILEPSIA, V36, P997, DOI 10.1111-j.1528-1157.1995.tb00958.x; TAYLOR S, 2006, PAIN PRACT, V6, P22; Vaillancourt PD, 1999, MED CLIN N AM, V83, P627, DOI 10.1016-S0025-7125(05)70127-9; WAMIL A W, 1991, Epilepsia, V32, P65; Wernicke JF, 2006, NEUROLOGY, V67, P1411, DOI 10.1212-01.wnl.0000240225.04000.1a; WHITE HS, 1999, EPILIPSIA, V40, pS1; XIE YK, 1993, SCI CHINA SER B, V36, P68; ZAKRZEWSKA JM, 1989, J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS, V52, P472, DOI 10.1136-jnnp.52.4.472; Ziegler D, 1992, J Diabetes Complications, V6, P49, DOI 10.1016-1056-8727(92)90049-Q128
Effects of divalproex sodium on hemoglobin level
No full textA small number of molecular and clinical studies found an association between increases in fetal hemoglobin concentration and valproate (VPA) use. However, the effect of VPA on total hemoglobin (Hb) level has not been studied. We herein review a randomized, double-blind, parallel group, multicenter, concentration-response design trial that compared the safety and efficacy of target trough plasma VPA concentrations in patients with complex partial seizures treated with divalproex sodium as monotherapy. Trough VPA concentrations and concomitant Hb levels that were drawn at baseline and intermittently throughout a 24-week period were analyzed. A total of 549 trough plasma VPA levels and concomitant total Hb levels were analyzed. Correlation between all study variables (gender, age, trough plasma VPA level, duration of exposure, baseline Hb level) and change in total Hb level showed that only baseline Hb level was a significant factor (inverse relationship). Hb increase was evident in 47.0percent of values. A clinically relevant increase in Hb ( 0.5 g-dL) occurred in 23.9percent of values. VPA is associated with a change in total Hb level that correlates inversely with baseline Hb levels. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Beydoun A, 1997, NEUROLOGY, V48, P182; Bug G, 2005, CANCER RES, V65, P2537, DOI 10.1158-0008-5472.CAN-04-3011; COLLINS AF, 1994, BLOOD, V84, P1690; Jabr FI, 2004, BLOOD, V104, P3415, DOI 10.1182-blood-2004-06-2444; Kieslich M, 2003, PEDIATR HEMAT ONCOL, V20, P15, DOI 10.1080-08880010390158496; Mahlknecht U, 2008, HAEMATOL-HEMATOL J, V93, P443, DOI 10.3324-haematol.11796; Marianna P, 2001, Haematologica, V86, P700; Nasreddine W, 2008, EPILEPSIA, V49, P438, DOI 10.1111-j.1528-1167.2007.01429.x; Perrine Susan P, 2005, Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program, P38; Sankaran VG, 2008, SCIENCE, V322, P1839, DOI 10.1126-science.1165409; Selby R, 1997, BLOOD, V90, P891; Witt O, 2002, AM J HEMATOL, V71, P45, DOI 10.1002-ajh.1016111
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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