1,720,973 research outputs found
Activity concentrations and mean annual effective dose from gamma-emitting radionuclides in the Lebanese diet
No full textSince the primary factor contributing to the internal effective dose in the human organism is contaminated food, the control of radionuclides in food represents the most important means of protection. This study was conducted to determine the levels of the dietary exposure of the Lebanese population to gamma-emitting radioisotopes. The activity concentrations of gamma-emitting radioisotopes have been measured in food samples that represent the market basket of an adult urban population in Lebanon. The artificial radionuclide 137Cs was measured above detection limits in only fish, meat and milk-based deserts. The most abundant natural radionuclide was 40K (31-121 Bq kg -1), with the highest content in fish and meat samples. The annual mean effective dose contributed by 40K in the reference typical diet was estimated equal to 186 μSv y-1, a value reasonably consistent with findings reported by several other countries. © The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.Akhter P, 2003, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V41, P531, DOI 10.1016-S0278-6915(02)00283-1; Akhter P, 2007, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V45, P272, DOI 10.1016-j.fct.2006.08.006; Badran HM, 2003, J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV, V67, P181, DOI 10.1016-S0265-931X(02)00178-9; Hernandez F, 2004, RADIAT PROT DOSIM, V111, P205, DOI 10.1093-rpd-nch335; *IAEA, 2007, REF AS MAN ING ORG C; *INT AT EN AG, 1995, COURS POST RAD COLL, V1; International Atomic Energy Agency, 1996, SAF SER IAEA, V115; International Commission on Radiological Protection, 1996, ICRP PUBL, V72; International Commission on Radiological Protection, 1975, ICRP PUBL, V23; Iyengar GV, 1998, RADIAT PHYS CHEM, V51, P545, DOI 10.1016-S0969-806X(97)00202-8; Iyengar GV, 2004, HEALTH PHYS, V86, P557, DOI 10.1097-00004032-200406000-00001; Kamal S., 1995, ALEF BAA AL TABKH; MAUL PR, 1989, J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV, V9, P265, DOI 10.1016-0265-931X(89)90048-9; Nasreddine L, 2006, PUBLIC HEALTH NUTR, V9, P194, DOI 10.1079-PHN2005855; Parr RM, 1992, HUMAN DIETARY INTAKE, V12; POSCHL M, 2006, RADIONUCLIDE CONCENT, P225; *UN SCI COMM EFF A, 2000, UNSCEAR 2000, P93; *WHO, 1999, WHOSDEPHEFOS999; *WHO, 1988, DER INT LEV RAD FOOD; World Health Organization (WHO), 1985, WHO OFFS PUBL, V8744
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dietary exposure to essential and toxic trace elements from a Total diet study in an adult Lebanese urban population
No full textThis study assesses, by the Total diet study approach, the adequacy of micronutrient intake (Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn) and the dietary exposure of a Lebanese adult urban population to two toxic elements (Cd, Pb). The foods that made up the average 'total diet' were derived from a previous individual consumption survey. A total of 1215 individual foods were collected, prepared and cooked prior to analysis. Analytical quantification was performed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Average daily intakes of Co (11.4μg-day), Cu (1104.19μg-day), Fe (13.00. mg-day), Mn (2.04. mg-day), Ni (126.27μg-day) and Zn (10.97. mg-day) were below toxicological reference values and were found to satisfy nutritional recommendations, except for manganese in men and iron in women. Average dietary exposure to Pb and Cd represented 3.2percent and 21.7percent of the respective provisional tolerable weekly intakes. Estimates of dietary intakes of iron appeared to be inadequate for 63percent of adult women. These findings should constitute a current measure of assessing the adequacy and safety of foods consumed in Lebanon and may be a basis for future monitoring studies. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.Barnard C, 1997, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V203, P229, DOI 10.1016-S0048-9697(97)00151-4; BECKER W, 1991, BRIT J NUTR, V66, P151, DOI 10.1079-BJN19910021; BUCHET JP, 1983, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V21, P19, DOI 10.1016-0278-6915(83)90263-6; CHEN JS, 1993, J AOAC INT, V76, P1206; CUADRADO C, 1995, EUR J CLIN NUTR, V49, P767; Dabeka RW, 1995, J AOAC INT, V78, P897; Egan SK, 2002, FOOD ADDIT CONTAM, V19, P103, DOI 10.1080-02652030110071354; FAO= WHO, 2007, SUMM EV PERF JOINT F; FAO-WHO, 2006, JOINT M FAO PAN EXP, P1; FERNICOLA NAG, 1983, SEM LAT AM TOX AL, P79; GALALGORCHEV H, 1993, FOOD ADDIT CONTAM, V10, P115; GAO J, 2000, P WHO 3 INT WORKSH T; *GEMS FOOD EUR, 1995, EURICPEHAZ9412WS04 G; Goldhaber SB, 2003, REGUL TOXICOL PHARM, V38, P232, DOI 10.1016-S0273-2300(02)00020-X; Hwalla N, 2004, ECOL FOOD NUTR, V43, P77, DOI 10.1080-03670240490274101; Institute of Medicine Food and Nutrition Board, 2001, DIET REF INT PROP DE, P1; Iyengar GV, 2000, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V256, P215, DOI 10.1016-S0048-9697(00)00494-0; Iyengar GV, 2002, FOOD NUTR BULL, V23, P431; JALON M, 1997, VIGILANCIA CONTAMINA; *JECFA, 1993, WHO TECHN REP SER, V837, P1; *JECFA, 1987, WHO FOOD ADD SER, V21, P1; Kamada S., 1995, AIP Conference Proceedings; Kroes R, 2002, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V40, P327, DOI 10.1016-S0278-6915(01)00113-2; Leblanc JC, 2005, FOOD ADDIT CONTAM, V22, P624, DOI 10.1080-02652030500135367; Leblanc JC, 2005, FOOD ADDIT CONTAM, V22, P652, DOI 10.1080-02652030500159938; Lombardi-Boccia G, 2003, BRIT J NUTR, V90, P1117, DOI 10.1079-BJN2003997; Nasreddine L, 2006, FOOD ADDIT CONTAM, V23, P579, DOI 10.1080-02652030500529452; Nasreddine L, 2006, PUBLIC HEALTH NUTR, V9, P194, DOI 10.1079-PHN2005855; Renwick AG, 2008, EUR J NUTR, V47, P17, DOI 10.1007-s00394-007-0691-6; RENWICK AG, 2006, J NUTR, V136, P4935; Renwick AG, 2008, TOXICOL LETT, V180, P123, DOI 10.1016-j.toxlet.2008.05.009; Santos EE, 2004, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V327, P69, DOI 10.1016-j.scitotenv.2004.01.016; Sommerfeld G, 2004, P WHO 3 INT WORKSH T; Tsuda T, 1995, J AOAC INT, V78, P1363; Turconi G., 2008, BR J NUTR, V101, P1200; VANDOKKUM W, 1989, BRIT J NUTR, V61, P7, DOI 10.1079-BJN19890087; *WHO, 1999, JOINT USFDA WHO INT, P1; WHO, 1993, GUID DRINK WAT QUAL, P1; World Health Organisation: WHO, 1996, TRAC EL HUM NUTR HLT, P1; World Health Organization [WHO], 2004, WHO UNICEF JOINT STA, P1; World Health Organization (WHO), 1985, WHO OFFS PUBL, V87; Ysart G, 1999, FOOD ADDIT CONTAM, V16, P391, DOI 10.1080-026520399283876; Ysart G, 2000, FOOD ADDIT CONTAM, V17, P775, DOI 10.1080-02652030041532725302
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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