1,720,955 research outputs found
The Triticeae CBF Gene Cluster—To Frost Resistance and Beyond
Get PDFThe pivotal role of CBF/DREB1 transcriptional factors in Triticeae crops involved in the abiotic stress response has been highlighted. The CBFs represent an important hub in the ICE-CBF-COR pathway, which is one of the most relevant mechanisms capable of activating the adaptive response to cold and drought in wheat, barley, and rye. Understanding the intricate mechanisms and regulation of the cluster of CBF genes harbored by the homoeologous chromosome group 5 entails significant potential for the genetic improvement of small grain cereals. Triticeae crops seem to share common mechanisms characterized, however, by some peculiar aspects of the response to stress, highlighting a combined landscape of single-nucleotide variants and copy number variation involving CBF members of subgroup IV. Moreover, while chromosome 5 ploidy appears to confer species-specific levels of resistance, an important involvement of the ICE factor might explain the greater tolerance of rye. By unraveling the genetic basis of abiotic stress tolerance, researchers can develop resilient varieties better equipped to withstand extreme environmental conditions. Hence, advancing our knowledge of CBFs and their interactions represents a promising avenue for improving crop resilience and food security
The Triticeae CBF Gene Cluster—To Frost Resistance and Beyond
Get PDFThe pivotal role of CBF/DREB1 transcriptional factors in Triticeae crops involved in the abiotic stress response has been highlighted. The CBFs represent an important hub in the ICE-CBF-COR pathway, which is one of the most relevant mechanisms capable of activating the adaptive response to cold and drought in wheat, barley, and rye. Understanding the intricate mechanisms and regulation of the cluster of CBF genes harbored by the homoeologous chromosome group 5 entails significant potential for the genetic improvement of small grain cereals. Triticeae crops seem to share common mechanisms characterized, however, by some peculiar aspects of the response to stress, highlighting a combined landscape of single-nucleotide variants and copy number variation involving CBF members of subgroup IV. Moreover, while chromosome 5 ploidy appears to confer species-specific levels of resistance, an important involvement of the ICE factor might explain the greater tolerance of rye. By unraveling the genetic basis of abiotic stress tolerance, researchers can develop resilient varieties better equipped to withstand extreme environmental conditions. Hence, advancing our knowledge of CBFs and their interactions represents a promising avenue for improving crop resilience and food security
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A Preliminary Approach in Mendelizing Barley FR-H1 and FR-H2 QTLs
Get PDFFreezing temperatures is one of the major limitations among the abiotic stresses in Triticeae crops, and two major Quantitative Trait Loci of frost resistance (namely, FR-H1 and FR-H2) have been mapped in barley on the long arm of chromosome 5. FR-H1 co-segregated with the vernalization requirement gene VRN-H1, while FR-H2 encompasses a cluster of at least 13 different C-repeat Binding Factor (CBF) genes that activate cold acclimation. To disentangle the effect of FR-H1 and FR-H2, four reciprocals Near Isogenic Lines (NILs) were developed. The donor of the winter/resistance alleles was cv. Nure, while the donor of the spring/susceptible alleles was cv. Tremois. Marker-assisted backcross scheme was used to separate FR-H1 and FR-H2 in alternative backgrounds. PCR-based molecular markers for HvCBF3 (FR-H2) and HvBM5 (FR-H1) were used for selection, and after at least four backcrossing generations, selected plants underwent multiple selfing. The genotypic status of the lines was initially tested using 19 SSR markers scattered throughout the genome, then with via 9k iSelect array genotyping. After preliminary experiments in controlled conditions , two locations were selected to assess the winter survival rate (WSR) and agronomical traits: Reggio Emilia, Po valley area, and Wooster, Ohio, USA. In Wooster the winter was cold enough to assess the WSR and the winter allele of FR-H2 increased the WSR in the susceptible (Trèmois) background; conversely, the winter allele of FR-H1 did not significantly increase the resistance in the susceptible (Trèmois) background. For the lines with the Nure genomic background, allele substitution at either FR-H1 or FR-H2 with spring alleles did not reduce WSR, indicating an important role by the other factors in winter (Nure) genomic background in regulating the frost resistance. In Reggio Emilia WSR was the same for QTL-NILs, Nure and Tremois due to mild winter. These results indicate that winter FR-H2 allele is sufficient to enhance freezing tolerance in susceptible genotypes, but that the winter FR-H1 allele might require other factors for winter survival. In addition, the QTL-NILs, Nure and Tremois were tested for a preliminary experiment aimed at evaluating the immediate and early changes in CBF’s expression in the first two days of cold acclimation. Plants at third-leaf stage were sampled in the morning, afternoon, and night for three consecutive days, grown under control (20/15°C, 8/16 h day/night) and acclimation (3/1°C, 8/16 h day/night) conditions. RT-qPCR analysis showed different expression patterns in the CBF gene cluster. Phenotypic characterization for agronomic traits is currently underway, and, combined with gene expression results, will be preparatory for more in-depth (RT-ddPCR and RNAseq) studies
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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