132,388 research outputs found
Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski: an aromatic invasive agricultural weed abundant in alpha-pinene
No full textSphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski (Asteraceae) is an essential oil- bearing soil creeper, with ethnomedicinal claims. The chemical composition of the volatile metabolites of the leaves, stem, and flowers were analyzed by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of forty constituents were identified, accounting for 98.2-99.5% of the oils composition. The predominant compounds in the leaf oil were α-pinene (57.9%) and germacrene D (7.1%), while α-pinene characterized the stem (89.5%) and flower (95.8%) oils. S. trilobata is a natural rich source of α- pinene, and can be exploited for further useful benefit
Molecular ecology of aspergillus section flavi species : approaches to understand the role of aflatoxin genes in aflatoxin biosynthesis
No full textThis is the first study to integrate and correlate the effect of ecophysiological factors on the
life cycle of Aspergillus flavus by carrying out complementary work on gene expression of
the aflatoxin gene cluster, with growth, sporulation and phenotypic toxin production. This
information was used to understand the role of ecological factors on key biosynthetic genes
and examine the use of such information for control of aflatoxin production using RNA
interference.
Ecological studies showed the profiles for growth, sporulation and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)
production with optimum ranges of water activity (aw) and temperature for AFB1 production
being identified. A. flavus grew faster at 0.99 aw at all temperatures, but optimally at 30-35°C.
The highest amount of asexual conidia was produced at 0.95 aw followed by 0.90 aw and then
0.99 aw at all temperatures examined. Interestingly, the partitioning of AFB1 into biomass,
medium and spores showed that at 0.99 aw, about 50% of the mycotoxin was present in the
biomass and the medium, with very little present in the spores. However, as water stress was
imposed there was a switch to a significantly higher channelling of AFB1 (about 45%) into
the spores, especially at 0.95 and 0.93 aw levels.
A microarray analysis was used to examine the effect of aw x temperature interactions on the
relative expression of the aflatoxin gene cluster for the first time using A. flavus NRRL 3357.
This showed that under mild stress conditions (20°C/0.99 aw) several of the cluster genes, in
particular aflS and aflJ, were highly induced concomitant with high levels of phenotypic
AFB1 production. Highest amounts of AFB1 were produced in all conditions where aflS
expression was elevated. When the ratio between the normalised expression data of the
aflS/aflR genes was generated, high ratios were obtained at 25°C and 30°C at 0.99 and 0.95
aw and low ratios at 25°C and 30°C at 0.90 aw. This is in agreement with the AFB1 production
profile. Cont/d
sj-docx-1-nah-10.1177_02601060231181606 - Supplemental material for Cowpea isoflavones enhance the osteoblast differentiation and antioxidant capacity in synergy with vitamin D and β-carotene: A mechanistic <i>in vitro</i> study
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-nah-10.1177_02601060231181606 for Cowpea isoflavones enhance the osteoblast differentiation and antioxidant capacity in synergy with vitamin D and β-carotene: A mechanistic in vitro study by Naresh Kumar Venna, Hauhnar Lalhruaitluanga and Suresh Challa in Nutrition and Health</p
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
FIGURES 17 A–H. Calodia kodikanelensis Nielson, male genitalia. A & B in Leafhopper tribe Coelidiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Coelidiinae) of the Indian subcontinent
No full textFIGURES 17 A–H. Calodia kodikanelensis Nielson, male genitalia. A & B. Aedeagus, dorsal view; C & D. Aedeagus, lateral view; E. Subgenital plate, dorsal view; F. Style, dorsal view; G. Connective, dorsal view; H. Pygofer, lateral view.Published as part of Meshram, Naresh M., 2019, Leafhopper tribe Coelidiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Coelidiinae) of the Indian subcontinent, pp. 1-91 in Zootaxa 4653 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4653.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/336654
FIGURES 30 A–H in Leafhopper tribe Coelidiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Coelidiinae) of the Indian subcontinent
No full textFIGURES 30 A–H. Olidiana fletcheri sp. nov., male genitalia. A & B. Aedeagus, dorsal view; C & D. Aedeagus, lateral view; E. Subgenital plate, dorsal view; F. Style, dorsal view; G. Connective, dorsal view; H. Pygofer, lateral view.Published as part of Meshram, Naresh M., 2019, Leafhopper tribe Coelidiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Coelidiinae) of the Indian subcontinent, pp. 1-91 in Zootaxa 4653 (1) on page 66, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4653.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/336654
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Supplemental material - Building a predictive soft armor finite element model combining experiments, simulations, and machine learning
No full textSupplemental material for Building a predictive soft armor finite element model combining experiments, simulations, and machine learning by Tanu Pittie, Kartikeya Kartikeya, Naresh Bhatnagar, NMA Krishnan, Thilak Senthil and Subramaniam D Rajan in Journal of Composite Materials</p
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Olidiana genista
No full textOlidiana genista (Nielson) Figs. 34 A–E. Lodiana genista Nielson 1982: 129−130, Figs. 419−424. Olidiana genista (Nielson): McKamey 2006: 504. Remarks. No specimens of this species were studied. Nielson (1982) adequately described and illustrated this species based on one male specimen collected from Myanmar. This species resembles O. perculta (Distant) but differs in having a very long subapical process of the aedeagus that extends beyond the shaft midlength (Figs. 34 D–E).Published as part of Meshram, Naresh M., 2019, Leafhopper tribe Coelidiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Coelidiinae) of the Indian subcontinent, pp. 1-91 in Zootaxa 4653 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4653.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/336654
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