1,720,963 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Immune responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis targets associated to latent and active tuberculosis infection
No full textBackground: Tuberculosis is a worldwide problem particularly in developing countries. Different clinical outcomes, such as the asymptomatic phase during infection or the symptomatic stage during active disease leads to activation and expansion of cellular immune responses in order to control the infection. This process of latency and active TB infection is a highly dynamic interaction between the host and the immunogenicity of M.tb. The detailed antigen specific analysis of the M.tb host response will likely lead to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of TB in human subjects and may help to identify markers of immune protection. There is a need to develop an effective TB vaccine and biomarkers of protection. Currently, different TB vaccine candidates contain M.tb components that are able to induce T cell activation and subsequent IFN-γ release. For instance, TB10.4 is such a novel vaccine candidate, it is highly immunogenic and present in M.tb and in the BCG vaccine strain. We characterized immune recognition patterns from Honduran patients with TB with a particularly focus on TB10.4 in order to better understand the infection biology, heterologous immune responses and the role of memory T cell formation.Aims: i) Defining and comparing M.tb specific immune responses in individuals with active and latent tuberculosis infection using cell based immune assays and a panel of specific M.tb target antigens; ii) Characterization of the recognition pattern of the humoral and cellular responses towards TB10.4 (Rv0288); and iii) Studying the relationship between molecular mimicry and tuberculosis using TB10.4 as a paradigm.Methodology: We selected a clinically well-defined population in order to perform cell- based immune assays (i.e Interferon gamma release assay), microarray peptide technology, and a bioplex assay, to gauge immune responses against a panel of recombinant or synthetic M.tb target antigens.Results and discussion: Paper I. This work represents the first analysis of cellular immune responses directed against M.tb associated targets in individuals from Honduras and provides a robust concept for identification of TB targets; we were able to identify differential target recognition patterns in TB+ patients vs TB exposed health care workers. Comprehensive pattern recognition analysis using biologically relevant targets revealed that enzymes involved in M.tb lipid synthesis serve as targets for T cells, defined by IFN-γ and IL-17 production. Paper II. We mapped humoral and cellular immune responses against the TB10.4 protein in non-human primates (NHPs) as well as in TB patients from Honduras. Immune responses in NHP were very focused, in contrast toTB10.4 directed immune responses in humans. We postulated that cross recognition of closely related antigens could be one possible explanation. The report shows substantial differences in cellular recognition comparing NHP and human immune responses. This T cell responses may be sustained via cross reactive immune responses recognizing the TB10.4 target and non-M.tb related target antigens.List of scientific papersI. Nancy Alvarez Corrales, Raija K Ahmed, Carol A Rodriguez, Kithiganahalli N Balaji, Rebeca Rivera, Ramakrishna Sompallae, Nalini K Vudattu, Sven E Hoffner, Alimuddin Zumla, Lelany Pineda Garcia and Markus Maeurer. Differential cellular recognition pattern to M. tuberculosis targets defined by IFN-y and IL-17 production in blood from TB+ patients from Honduras as compared to health care workers: TB and immune responses in patients from Honduras. BMC Infectious Diseases 2013, 13:125. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-13-125 II. Nancy Alvarez-Corrales, Lelany Pineda-Garcia, Raija Ahmed, Isabelle Magalhaes, Davide Valentini, Chaniya Leepiyasakulchai, Carol Rodriguez, Jerry Sadoff, Alimudin Zumla, Markus Maeurer. Immune reactivity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis TB10.4 epitopes and molecular mimicry. [Manuscript]</p
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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