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Perencanaan Tebal Perkerasan Lentur Landas Pacu Bandara Internasional Dhoho Menggunakan Metode Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) dan Load Classification Number (LCN)
No full textMenurut Perpres 56 tahun 2018 tentang perubahan kedua atas perubahan Perpres No 3 tahun 2016 tentang Percepatan Proyek Strategis Nasional, Bandara Internasional Dhoho telah ditetapkan menjadi sebuah proyek strategis nasional. Pada sebuah bandara, landasan pacu memiliki peran penting sebagai salah satu fasilitas utama penunjang operasional bandara sehingga perencanaannya perlu perhatian lenih salah satunya pada aspek tebal perkerasan landasan pacu. Banyak metode dalam merencanakan perkerasan lentur landasan pacu, seperti Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) dari Dinas Perhubungan Udara Amerika Serikat, metode Load Classification Number (LCN) dari Inggris dan lain sebagainya. Pada tugas akhir ini bertujuan merencanakan tebal perkerasan lentur landasan pacu menggunakan metode Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) dan Load Classification Number (LCN). Kedua metode dipilih karena terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan dalam aspek perencanaannya. Dari tebal perkerasan yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis besar kapasitas perkerasan dan dibandingkan dengan kebutuhan perkerasan pesawat rencana. Dilakukan pula analisis metode pelaksanaan dan biaya konstruksi untuk membandingkan aspek ekonomis kedua metode. Hasil analisis tebal perkerasan lentur pada metode FAA menggunakan FAA AC 5320-6D diperoleh hasil sebesar 508 mm pada daerah kritis, 439 mm pada daerah non kritis dan setebal 360 mm pada bahu landasan pacu. Menggunakan program COMFAA diperoleh nilai PCN sebesar 42,9 denagn nilai AC sebesar 40,2. Pada metode FAA menggunakan program FAARFIELD diperoleh hasil sebesar 519 mm dan pada bahu landasan pacu sebesar 356 mm. Menggunakan program bantu FAARFIELD diperoleh nilai PCR sebesar 386,4 dan nilai ACR sebesar 365,1. Sedangkan pada metode LCN diperoleh total tebal perkerasan sebesar 550 mm dan pada bahu landasan pacu setebal 450 mm. Diperoleh nilai LCN landasan pacu yakni sebesar 63 dan nilai LCN pesawat rencana sebesar 46,5. Hasil analisis biaya konstruksi untuk tebal perkerasan pada metode FAA menggunakan FAA AC 5320-6D diperoleh sebesar Rp187.607.898.600, pada FAA AC 5320-6G sebesar Rp212.826.956.294. Sementara pada metode LCN diperoleh sebesar Rp225.887.763.123. Selain dari ketiga aspek tersebut, metode FAA lebih diunggulkan karena terdapat pembaharuan aturan yang komprehensif dibandingkan metode LCN. Sehingga, dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode FAA lebih relevan digunakan dalam merencanakan tebal perkerasan lentur sebuah landasan pacu.
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According to Presidential Regulation (Perpres) No. 56 of 2018 concerning the second amendment to Presidential Regulation No. 3 of 2016 concerning the Acceleration of National Strategic Projects, Dhoho International Airport has been designated as a national strategic project. In an airport, the runway plays a crucial role as one of the main supporting facilities for airport operations, and its planning requires careful attention, particularly in terms of the runway pavement thickness. There are various methods for planning the flexible pavement thickness of the runway, such as the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) method from the United States Department of Transportation, and the Load Classification Number (LCN) method from the United Kingdom, among others. The aim of this final project is to plan the flexible pavement thickness of the runway using both the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) method and the Load Classification Number (LCN) method. These two methods were chosen because they differ significantly in their planning aspects. After obtaining the pavement thickness, the pavement capacity will be analyzed and compared with the planned aircraft pavement requirements. Additionally, an analysis of construction methods and costs will be conducted to compare the economic aspects of both methods. The analysis results for the flexible pavement thickness using the FAA method, based on FAA AC 5320-6D, are 508 mm in critical areas, 439 mm in non-critical areas, and 360 mm on the runway shoulders. Using the COMFAA program, the PCN (Pavement Classification Number) is determined to be 42.9 with an AC (Aircraft Classification Number) of 40.2. With the FAARFIELD program, the FAA method yields thickness results of 519 mm for the runway and 356 mm for the shoulders. The supplementary FAARFIELD program provides PCR (Pavement Classification Rating) and ACR (Aircraft Classification Rating) values of 386.4 and 365.1, respectively. On the other hand, the LCN method yields a total pavement thickness of 550 mm and 450 mm on the runway shoulders. The LCN values for the runway and the planned aircraft are 63 and 46.5, respectively. The analysis of construction costs for the pavement thickness, using the FAA method based on FAA AC 5320-6D, amounts to Rp187,607,898,600, while using FAA AC 5320-6G results in Rp212,826,956,294. Meanwhile, for the LCN method, the construction cost is Rp225,887,763,123. Besides these three aspects, the FAA method is favored due to its comprehensive updated regulations compared to the LCN method. Therefore, it can be concluded that the FAA method is more relevant for planning the flexible pavement thickness of a runwa
Model Biaya Operasional Kendaraan Listrik Berbasis Baterai
No full textKrisis energi, polusi udara, dan peningkatan emisi gas rumah kaca mendorong pengembangan kendaraan listrik berbasis baterai (KLBB) sebagai solusi transportasi ramah lingkungan. Di Indonesia, meski pemerintah telah menetapkan regulasi dan insentif untuk mempercepat adopsi KLBB, tingkat penggunaannya masih rendah akibat harga jual yang tinggi dan kurangnya kesadaran akan efisiensi biaya operasional. Biaya operasional menjadi faktor penting dalam keputusan pembelian, terutama karena KLBB menawarkan efisiensi energi dan biaya perawatan yang lebih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi variabel yang memengaruhi biaya operasional KLBB dan merumuskan model prediktif yang dapat digunakan untuk mendukung percepatan adopsi serta analisis kelayakan pembangunan infrastruktur transportasi.
Pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan model regresi linier dan polinomial diterapkan untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan antara berbagai komponen biaya operasional dan kecepatan KLBB. Data dikumpulkan dari survei pengguna KBB di seluruh Indonesia, yang mencakup pola penggunaan, konsumsi energi, dan pemeliharaan kendaraan. Model ini mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor biaya utama, termasuk iaya pengisian ulang daya, biaya jasa pemeliharaan, biaya gear reducer oil, biaya ban, biaya penggunaan baterai, biaya suku cadang, dan biaya depresiasi. Digunakan variabel independen adalah kecepatan dan jarak tempuh harian untuk memberikan gambaran bagaimana pola berkendara mempengaruhi biaya operasional kendaraan listrik.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara statistik, model regresi antara total biaya serta komponen biaya operasional kendaraan listrik dengan kecepatan dinyatakan valid, meskipun nilai koefisien determinasinya relatif rendah. Hal serupa juga ditemukan pada model regresi dengan variabel jarak tempuh harian, yang secara statistik valid, namun tidak signifikan dalam menjelaskan beberapa komponen biaya seperti biaya pengisian ulang daya, biaya gear reducer oil, biaya ban, dan biaya suku cadang. Analisis lanjutan melalui segmentasi jenis kendaraan menunjukkan bahwa pada segmen compact SUV sebagai representasi kendaraan listrik berbasis baterai, regresi antara kecepatan dan total biaya operasional menghasilkan model yang signifikan dengan koefisien determinasi yang kuat. Secara umum, total biaya operasional KLBB lebih tinggi dibandingkan kendaraan konvensional, terutama disebabkan oleh tingginya komponen biaya tetap berupa depresiasi. Namun demikian, biaya tidak tetap KLBB tercatat jauh lebih rendah dibandingkan kendaraan konvensional.
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The ongoing energy crisis, air pollution, and increasing greenhouse gas emissions have driven the development of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) as an environmentally friendly transportation solution. In Indonesia, despite government-issued regulations and incentives to accelerate BEV adoption, their usage remains low due to high purchase prices and a lack of awareness regarding operational cost efficiency. Operational costs play a crucial role in consumer purchase decisions, particularly as BEVs offer higher energy efficiency and lower maintenance costs. This study aims to identify the variables influencing BEV operational costs and to formulate a predictive model that can support the acceleration of adoption and serve as a reference for transport infrastructure feasibility studies.
A quantitative approach using linear and polynomial regression models was employed to explore the relationship between various operational cost components and BEV driving speed. Data were collected through a survey of BEV users across Indonesia, covering usage patterns, energy consumption, and vehicle maintenance. The model identified key cost factors including recharging costs, maintenance service fees, gear reducer oil, tire costs, battery usage expenses, spare parts, and depreciation. The independent variables used were vehicle speed and daily travel distance to illustrate how driving behavior impacts operational costs.
The results indicate that the regression models of total and component-wise operational costs against speed are statistically valid, although the coefficient of determination values are relatively low. Similarly, the regression model using daily travel distance is statistically valid, yet the variable is not significant in explaining certain cost components, such as recharging, gear reducer oil, tire, and spare parts expenses. Further analysis through vehicle segmentation highlights that the compact SUV segment—used as a representative of BEVs—yielded a statistically significant regression model between speed and total operational costs, with a strong coefficient of determination. Overall, BEVs exhibit higher total operational costs than conventional vehicles, primarily due to elevated fixed costs in the form of depreciation. Nevertheless, BEVs demonstrate substantially lower variable costs, including energy and maintenance, compared to conventional vehicles
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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