1,720,958 research outputs found
MOD (MAPPA Open Data). Conservare, disseminare, collaborare: un archivio open data per l'archeologia italiana
No full textPalaeoenvironments and palaeotopography of a multilayered city during the etruscan and roman periods: early interaction of fluvial processes and urban growth at Pisa (Tuscany, Italy)
No full textA critical geoarchaeological approach, based on fully integrated archaeological, geomorphological and stratigraphic data, allowed for the identification of the palaeoenvironments, palaeotopography and urban growth patterns of Pisa (NW Italy) during the Etruscan (first half of the 5th century BC-first half of the 1st century BC) and Roman (second half of the 1st century BC-2nd century AD) periods. This powerful methodology, based on aerial and satellite images, electrical resistivity tomography, LiDAR, and core analysis, led to the reconstruction of landscape evolution, highlighting humaneenvironment interactions. During the Etruscan and Roman periods, Pisa saw a fast urban expansion in a dense and unstable fluvial network. Wide portions of the city were characterised by poorly drained conditions until the 1st century AD, when the alluvial plain became well drained under increasing anthropogenic pressure (Roman Centuriatio). Poorly drained floodplains and channel-related backswamps represent the topographically lowest zones of the ancient Pisa. This city developed within an intricate pattern of palaeochannels, related to two main rivers: the palaeoArno, which flowed in proximity of its present position, and the former palaeoSerchio river, known as Auser flowing in the northern part of the city. Since Etruscan times, a mounded relief was formed in the historical city centre of Pisa, becoming wider and more prominent (up to ca. 2 m a.s.l.) during the Roman period, concomitant with a southward rapid expansion of the urban tissue. Nevertheless, the urban growth patterns substantially followed the Etruscan city's fabric, with marked concentration of the urban structures (public and private buildings) and manufacturing sites on the northern relief, close to the Auser. The Auser River thus played a crucial role in the environmental and topographic evolution of the city area
Deciphering the effects of human activity on urban areas through morphostratigraphic analysis: the case of Pisa, Northwest Italy
Get PDFType, thickness and volume of anthropogenic deposits, buried beneath long-settled cities, are good indicators of the human impact on urban environments and topography. Pisa is multilayered city settled since Etruscan times in the lower Arno Plain. Stratigraphic and geomorphological data from the urban subsurface show that Pisa today is located on a mound (ca. 4 m-high) made up dominantly of anthropogenic deposits. Two types of anthropogenic facies are distinguished: human-modified deposits of Etruscan Age and made-ground deposits dated since the Roman Age onwards. Integrating subsurface stratigraphy with ancient ground levels topography, we reconstruct the evolutionary phases of Pisa urban landscape subject to a dominant human influence. Urbanization processes started at Etruscan times, as testified by the lower boundary of the anthropogenic succession (Pisa archaeosphere). The formation and the highest increase in elevation of Pisa mound, that is still growing, occurred during the Roman and the Middle Ages. At the same time the urban fabric moved southward, toward the Arno river, and a thick anthropogenic succession accumulated in the city sector where ancient ring of walls had been hypothesized. However the highest acceleration in the urban ground growth rate is recorded since 1950 AD onwards, corresponding to the Anthropocene “Great Acceleration”
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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