1,720,959 research outputs found
Peripheral blood and bone marrow changes after treatment with ATRA and G-CSF in AML, APL and blast crisis following Vaquez's disease
No full textThe aim of the present study was to better understand the possibility of utilizing growth factors of the myelomonocytic line in acute leukemias. The study is an examination of morphological changes and marker behavior in peripheral and bone marrow cells in AML and APL during treatment both with all-transretinoic acid (ATRA) alone and in association with chemotherapy and G-CSF. The same treatment was carried out in a patient who had been diagnosed with Vaquez's disease 15 years earlier and currently presented a bone marrow and peripheral picture of AML (80% myeloblasts) with thrombocytopenia. We observed that treatment with ATRA, alone or in association with chemotherapy, was followed by a remission of AML and especially of APL, with amelioration of the general condition of the patients. The addition of G-CSF to ATRA at the end of chemotherapy, during consequent pancytopenia, produced a rapid increase in mature peripheral granulocytes and an apparent medullary complete remission, which was more prolonged in APL than in AML; there was no increase in peripheral blasts. Discontinuation of G-CSF was followed by a relapse in the patient with AML. A patient with Vaquez's disease, in remission for 15 years and presenting a progressive increase in bone marrow and peripheral myeloblasts, did not have a positive response to the administration of ATRA; however, the association of G-CSF to ATRA was followed by a complete remission. The morphological changes observed in bone marrow and peripheral granulocytes (with changes in the main cellular markers: CD11b, CD13, CD14, CD15, CD34) seemed to express progressive modification of the single elements towards differentiation, with progressive bone marrow reduction and peripheral disappearance of blasts. The data agree with the changes observed in in vitro blasts cultured in the presence of ATRA and G-CSF
[Behavior of PGE1 and PGE2 in the granulocytes of normal and leukemic subjects during phagocytosis in vitro].
No full textThe behaviour of phagocytosis and that of PGE1 and PGE2 in the circulating granulocytes of normal and leukaemic subjects was investigated by the comparison of latex particles and the PAP (peroxidase-antiperoxidase) immuno-enzymatic method respectively. Generally speaking, it was found that chronic myeloid leukaemia and acute myeloblastic leukaemia were accompanied by a marked reduction in phagocyting capacity, whereas this is apparently normal in CLL and ALL. PCE values, on the other hand, were well down in lymphatic leukaemia, AML and AMML, but not in CML, where high PGE (especially PGE2) was noted both basally and after phagocytosis. That the PGE take part in phagocytosis is shown by their redistribution in phagocyting cells, with elective accumulation in the membrane and around the engulfed material
Assay of phagocytic cell functions
No full textThe fundamental role of the immune system is recognition of the self from the non-self; in this way the principal functions of the immune system can be summarized as: resistance against the cells and foreign substances which are potentially damaging the tissues; identification of neoplastic cells to be destroyed. The cells which have this role are essentially lymphocyte, neutrophils and macrophages: extracellular and cellular humoral factors also play their role into the inflammatory process. In fact, we define the normal responses of phagocyte as the capacity of the specific phagocytic cell to respond to various stimuli and to migrate to the location of the damage. This complex cellular defense mechanism comprises several steps that can be summarized as following: opsonization of particles to be ingested, adhesion and aggregation of phagocytes to vascular endothelium, migration of phagocytes through the vessel walls, chemotaxis of phagocytes towards pathogenic agents, recognition of the particles/antigens by the phagocytes which subsequently adhere to their surface, ingestion of the particles with formation of a phagosome. This process is completed with the fusion of the phagosome with cellular granules (lysosomes) and formation of phagolysosomes, degranulation and release of the enzyme laden granules into the phagolysosome, lysis and killing of ingested particles and bacteria. It is clear from this schematic summary, that the response to pathogens can be very complex and each of the processes involved in the above described steps could be deranged leading to various pathological changes. We analyze the most classical and new methods to study the physiopathology of granulocytes, which are important for clinical diagnosis of phagocyte diseases or for phagocytic dysfunction in various syndromes and in neoplastic patients
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The CD11/CD18 granulocyte adhesion molecules in myelodysplastic syndromes
No full textWe have evaluated the function of granulocytes in 14 patients suffering from myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We also evaluated the functional and immunochemical activities of five monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) reactive with the CD11/CD18 leucocyte adhesion molecules of granulocytes. Granulocytes showed a decrease in chemotaxis (P < 0.001) and in aggregation (P < 0.01) using various agents as a stimulus. Cytofluorimetric and immunoenzymatic assays with alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) analysis showed decreased expression of the CD11b/CD18 receptor detected by OKM1 (P < 0.001). Despite LFA-1 and-CD11a/CD18 was expressed in normal amounts. The studies of upregulation of granulocytes CD11b/CD18 and image analysis of immunochemical preparation (APAAP) demonstrated decreased expression of CD11b/CD18 in granulocytes from MDS compared to controls (P < 0.001). We conclude that granulocyte dysfunction in MDS may be correlated with decreased expression of surface CD11b/CD18 leucocyte adhesion molecules or their structural modification
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