1,721,008 research outputs found
Temporomandibular joint anatomy assessed by CBCT images
Full text linkAim. Since cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been used for the study of craniofacial morphology, the attention of orthodontists has also focused on the mandibular condyle. The purpose of this brief review is to summarize the recent 3D CBCT images of mandibular condyle. Material and Methods. The eligibility criteria for the studies are (a) studies aimed at evaluating the anatomy of the temporomandibular joint; (b) studies performed with CBCT images; (c) studies on human subjects; (d) studies that were not clinical case-reports and clinical series; (e) studies reporting data on children, adolescents, or young adults (data from individuals with age ⤠30 years). Sources included PubMed from June 2008 to June 2016. Results. 43 full-text articles were initially screened for eligibility. 13 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. 11 articles were finally included in qualitative synthesis. The main topics treated in the studies are the volume and surface of the mandibular condyle, the bone changes on cortical surface, the facial asymmetry, and the optimum position of the condyle in the glenoid fossa. Conclusion. Additional studies will be necessary in the future, constructed with longitudinal methodology, especially in growing subjects. The limits of CBCT acquisitions are also highlighted
Rare case of skeletal third class in a subject suffering from Solitary Median Maxillary Central Incisor syndrome (SMMCI) associated to panhypopituitarism
Full text linkThe median solitary maxillary central incisor syndrome (SMMCI) is a rare malformative syndrome consisting of multiple defects, mainly found on the body midline. It can be correlated to the etiopathological and phenotypic pattern of panhypopituitarism. This case-report describes the rare case of a patient suffering from SMMCI and panhypopituitarism, showing an unusual craniofacial morphology
La registrazione EMAS del Parco naturale di interesse provinciale del Lago di Candia e del Parco Locale di Interesse Sovracomunale Lago di Endine
No full textLa Comunità Europea con il Regolamento CE n.761/2001 del Parlamento Europeo e del Consiglio del 19 marzo 2001 ha proposto lo schema di ecogestione ed audit denominato EMAS come nuovo strumento operativo per perseguire le politiche comunitarie indirizzate alla tutela ed alla salvaguardia dell'ambiente ed allo sviluppo sostenibile. Al Regolamento EMAS può aderire volontariamente qualsiasi organizzazione che intenda valutare e migliorare le proprie prestazioni ambientali e fornire al pubblico ed a tutti i soggetti interessati, con un approccio di trasparenza e collaborazione, informazioni pertinenti e convalidate. Il Regolamento EMAS, ideato in prima istanza per l'esclusiva applicazione al solo comparto industriale (Reg. CE n.1836/93), può dal 2001 essere esteso, in analogia al campo di applicazione della norma internazionale ISO 14001, anche in ambito territoriale: se nel primo caso la finalità principale consisteva nel valutare, prevenire e mitigare le ricadute ambientali di processi produttivi spesso impattanti, nel caso di un Ente che ha compiti di gestione e pianificazione del territorio (Comuni, Enti Parco, Comunità Montane, etc.) l'adesione ad EMAS significa invece dotarsi di adeguati elementi e strumenti conoscitivi ed organizzativi per ottimizzare e controllare le attività che possono avere influenze dirette od indirette sull'ambiente e, grazie al coinvolgimento di tutti i soggetti, istituzionali e non, aventi competenze o interessi sul territorio, per perseguire la tutela delle risorse naturali e delle componenti ambientali maggiormente sensibili compatibilmente con le attività antropiche e lo sviluppo socioeconomico locale. Un tale approccio appare particolarmente valido per gli Enti gestori delle aree naturali protette i quali, d'altronde, sono invitati dall'articolo 1 delle Legge n.394 del 6 dicembre 1991 (Legge quadro sulle aree protette) ad applicare "metodi di gestione o di restauro ambientale idonei a realizzare un'integrazione tra uomo e ambiente naturale, anche mediante la salvaguardia dei valori antropologici, archeologici, storici e architettonici e delle attività agro-silvo-pastorali e tradizionali". La prima esperienza in Europa in tal senso è stata condotta nell'ambito di un innovativo progetto di ricerca svolto dal Settore Ecologia Applicata del Politecnico di Torino che ha consentito l'implementazione di un sistema di gestione ambientale presso il Parco Naturale del Mont Avic (AO), che nel maggio 2003 è divenuto il primo Ente Parco a livello comunitario ad aver conseguito la registrazione EMAS. In ambito italiano si sono successivamente registrati EMAS nel 2004 il Parco Nazionale Dolomiti Bellunesi e la Riserva Naturale Marina di Miramare, nel 2006 il Parco Naturale Adamello Brenta ed il Parco Fluviale del Po e dell'Orba ed infine, nel 2007 la Riserva Naturale Monte Rumeno ed il Parco Nazionale del Gargano. Nell'ambito del Progetto LIFE TRELAGHI si è proceduto alla progettazione ed attuazione di un sistema di gestione ambientale conforme ai requisiti del Regolamento EMAS e della norma ISO 14001 presso il Parco naturale di interesse provinciale del Lago di Candia e del Parco Locale di Interesse Sovracomunale (PLIS) Lago di Endine. Tale attività riveste un particolare interesse in quanto si tratta di aree protette caratterizzate da forme di gestione particolari e sinora mai considerate per quanto all'applicazione di sistemi di gestione ambientale (il Lago di Candia è stato la prima esperienza pilota di parco provinciale in Italia, mentre i PLIS rappresentano una nuova forma di gestione sviluppata in Regione Lombardia e basata su una Convenzione tra più Comuni), ed anche per l'oggetto fondamentale della tutela operata dai due enti, ossia i bacini lacustri di Candia ed Endine. Di seguito vengono sinteticamente discussi i principali aspetti metodologici ed applicativi sviluppati nell'ambito dell'analisi dei due casi studio in esame
Association of Visual Defects and Occlusal Molar Class in Children
Full text linkPurpose. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to evaluate the presence of any correlations between dysfunctions related to visual impairments and dental occlusion. Methods. The test group included 34 subjects (21 males and 13 females; mean age 11 ± 2 years) randomly selected with the following inclusion criteria: absence of any diagnosis for problems at visual level except those related to refractive defects, visual acuity of at least 1.0, absence of any syndrome or malformation in the craniofacial area, good general health, and absence of any systemic disease able to influence the vision or the craniofacial growth. They underwent visual clinical tests to evaluate the presence of fusional vergence defects and amplitude. Each patient underwent an orthodontic clinical exam and the occlusal molar relationship of each subject was recorded and considered as occlusal variable. A statistical analysis with Chi-Squared test was performed in order to analyze the associations between the visual defects and the occlusal variable. Results. A statistically significant association between the molar occlusal relationship and the occurrence of exodeviations was observed. The percentage of subjects presenting fusional amplitudes with convergence lower of the cut-off value was statistically significantly higher in the group of occlusal molar second class. Conclusions. The results obtained show that there is an association between occlusal second molar class and fusional vergence defects
Strumenti di governance ambientale: nuovo approccio agli schemi di certificazione a livello territoriale
No full textThe 3d tele motion tracking for the orthodontic facial analysis
Full text linkAim. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of 3D-TMT, previously used only for dynamic testing, in a static cephalometric evaluation. Material and Method. A group of 40 patients (20 males and 20 females; mean age 14.2±1.2 years; 12-18 years old) was included in the study. The measurements obtained by the 3D-TMT cephalometric analysis with a conventional frontal cephalometric analysis were compared for each subject. Nine passive markers reflectors were positioned on the face skin for the detection of the profile of the patient. Through the acquisition of these points, corresponding plans for three-dimensional posterior-anterior cephalometric analysis were found. Results. The cephalometric results carried out with 3D-TMT and with traditional posterior-anterior cephalometric analysis showed the 3D-TMT system values are slightly higher than the values measured on radiographs but statistically significant; nevertheless their correlation is very high. Conclusion. The recorded values obtained using the 3D-TMT analysis were correlated to cephalometric analysis, with small but statistically significant differences. The Dahlberg errors resulted to be always lower than the mean difference between the 2D and 3D measurements. A clinician should use, during the clinical monitoring of a patient, always the same method, to avoid comparing different millimeter magnitudes
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Efficacy of Home Oral-Hygiene Protocols during Orthodontic Treatment with Multibrackets and Clear Aligners: Microbiological Analysis with Phase-Contrast Microscope
No full textThe purpose of this study is to analyze the microbiota of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with multibrackets and transparent aligners. The second goal is to evaluate the effectiveness of the oral irrigator on the oral hygiene and periodontal health of orthodontic patients. Fifty patients (27 F, 23 M; mean age 21.5 years) were recruited for the study, then divided into two groups. Group A underwent fixed orthodontic therapy with multibracket, and a home protocol that included manual orthodontic toothbrush, interdental brushes, and one-tuft brushes. Group B used transparent aligners for 22 h a day and a home protocol that included a manual brush with soft bristles and dental floss. After 3 months, all patients of the two groups, A and B, underwent plaque evaluation with a phase-contrast microscope. If the test result showed non-pathogenic bacterial flora, the subject continued with the traditional home oral-hygiene protocol. If the test detected pathogenic flora, the subject changed the home protocol, with a sonic toothbrush and oral irrigator, while the microbiological analysis continued to be performed after 3 months. After 3 months, 10 out of 25 patients treated with multibrackets (group A) and only 3 out of 25 patients with aligners (group B) passed from non-pathogenic flora to pathogenic flora. After 6 months, using the oral irrigator and a sonic toothbrush for 3 months, all subjects returned to non-pathogenic flora. This study confirms that in patients treated with multibrackets, the risk of developing unfavorable microbiota increases compared to those treated with clear aligners. The use of an oral irrigator combined with the sonic toothbrush seems to be able to restore good oral hygiene in subjects with pathogenic flora and therefore to be effective at reducing the risk of caries and gingivitis in orthodontic patients
Periodontal status of buccally and palatally impacted maxillary canines after surgical-orthodontic treatment with open technique
No full textThis study investigated differences in periodontal health variables between buccally impacted maxillary canines (BIMC) and palatally impacted maxillary canines (PIMC) after surgical-orthodontic treatment with open technique. Nineteen patients were enrolled: 10 with unilateral BIMC (5 men, 5 women; mean age 18.50 ± 1.96 years) and 9 with unilateral PIMC (4 men, 5 women; mean age 19.44 ± 2.40 years). Probing depth and keratinized tissue were recorded 12 months after surgical-orthodontic treatment, and the differences between the 2 sides were analyzed as primary outcomes. In addition, data for BIMC and PIMC were directly compared. In the BIMC group, probing depths were significantly higher for lateral incisors than for the untreated side (P = 0.044), and keratinized tissue values were significantly lower for canines than for the untreated side (P = 0.006). No significant differences were observed in the PIMC group. In BIMC, surgical-orthodontic treatment with open technique resulted in loss of periodontal keratinized tissue in the treated tooth and periodontal attachment loss in adjacent lateral incisors. However, the periodontal status of PIMC was not affected by surgical-orthodontic treatment with open technique
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