1,720,972 research outputs found
Un’esperienza di misurazione dell’appropriatezza diagnostica-terapeutica in presenza di sepsi e quadri correlati: l’utilizzo di analisi comparata tra esami di laboratorio e sistemi di codifica delle SDO
No full text
Heavy costs of diabetic population in Central Italy for cardiovascular diseases hospitalization
No full textDiabetes is one of the biggest challenges for Public Health nowdays, because of the great impact of this cronic diseases on comorbidity, deaths, and of course costs. The aim of this study is to evaluate the costs of diabetes in terms of hospitalization expenditure for cardiovascular diseases and compare them between diabetic and non-diabetic populations
Effects of anticoagulation therapy with vitamin K antagonists on hospitalizations and emergency room accesses in Grosseto (Italy)
No full textIntroduction. A lot of drug groups are associated with preventable drug-related admissions. Coumarin derivatives, prescribed for the treatment and prevention of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism or prevention of systemic embolism or stroke in patients with prosthetic heart valves or atrial fibrillation, are often associated with bleeding. The aim of our study was to analyze how the anticoagulant therapy with VKAs could affects the hospitalizations and the visits to emergency room in the elderly population (> 65 years old).
Methods. In 2013 we conducted a cross sectional study analyzing the database of all pharmaceutical prescriptions, selecting patients living in Grosseto (Italy), which received at least two prescriptions of coumarin derivatives in 2012. We analyzed the admissions to hospital and the accesses to the emergency rooms (ERs) made by each patient, focusing especially on those related to bleeding. For each access to ER we recorded the date, time of stay, diagnosis and outcome. For each hospitalization the information we recorded were the date of admission and discharge diagnosis.
Results. 3684 patients were included in our study. 261 (7.1%) patients visited the emergency room for bleeding; 37 (1%) for intracranial bleeding. The accesses made by men were higher than those made by women. The average time of stay in ER was 349 minutes. The admissions to hospital were 96 (2.6%); 42 (1.1%) were admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of major vascular event. 53 patients (20.3%), accessed to the ER more than one time. The 11.5% was admitted to the hospital more than one time.
Conclusions. Our study showed that VKAs are responsible of an increase of the accesses to ER and of the admissions to hospital.
However, it would be interesting to enlarge the sample size including patients living in other provinces or in other regions, with a lower age and treated also with TSOACs, in order to evaluate the real cost-effectiveness of anticoagulant therapy
Socioeconomic factors and mortality: evidences from an Italian study
No full textBackground: The importance of socioeconomic factors as health determinants is well known in literature. The aim of our study was to demonstrate the correlation between socio-economic factors and the health status of a population in areas with an identical health organization. Methods: We collected (for the period 1990-2014) the standardized mortality rates in Tuscany (Italy) for each municipality. Linear regression was performed to establish the existence of an association between vulnerability index/unemployment rate and mortality. Results: The linear regression with the vulnerability index as independent variable and the overall mortality rate for all causes as a dependent variable, showed that the 1991 vulnerability index correlates positively and with the total mortality rates from the 2000–2004 period. The second linear regression considers the unemployment index as the independent variable. The value of the 1991 index correlates positively and in a statistically significant way with the total mortality rates from 2000 to 2004 with a constant increase until 2010–2014. Conclusions: Our evidences show that a strong, excellent and uniform regional healthcare system are not enough to ensure a uniform level of health among different communities. Socio-economic factors, represent important risk factors for health and could create differences in health state. © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
Exploring students’ health: “another brick in the wall”
No full textBackground
In latest years there was a growing interest in the scientific community to assess the quality of life and perceived health of university students. Some studies, performed mainly in north Europe and USA, showed that students, compared with their peers workers, live in greater hardship, have lower quality of life and worse perception of their health. In Italy this aspect, although the university has a high dropout rate and the rate of unemployment among graduates is high, have not been widely studied. The aim of this study was to describe the perceived health of university students and to investigate the influence of lifestyle variables.
Methods
The questionnaire SF-36 (8 scales scored from 0 to 100: physical activity, physical role, physical pain, general health, vitality, social functions, emotional role, mental health) was distributed to 480 first-years students of medicine, University of Siena (years 2005-2010). Information about gender, age, region of residence, marital status, employment status, BMI, smoking habit were collected. After a descriptive analysis, we performed univariate and multivariate analysis by robust regression.
Results
57% of the sample was female. The average age was 19, students not-resident in Siena province were 46%. Lower mean scores (60) were achieved in vitality and emotional role scales. Higher mean score (95) was found in physical activity scale. There is a significant decrease of vitality score between years (p=0,001). Female gender was associated with lower scores in all scales, except emotional role. Increasing age was inversely associated with mental health (p = 0.017) and vitality (p = 0.027). To be not-resident was associated (p=0,025) with lower emotion role score.
Conclusions
Consistent with literature students feel psychological distress and females have a significant lower perceived health. This one, in particular emotive status, seems more influenced by factors like living away from home and uncertainty about the future than by lifestyle habits
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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